scholarly journals Dementia and COVID-19 in Chile, New Zealand and Germany: A Research Agenda for Cross-Country Learning for Resilience in Health Care Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10247
Author(s):  
Franziska Laporte Uribe ◽  
Oscar Arteaga ◽  
Walter Bruchhausen ◽  
Gary Cheung ◽  
Sarah Cullum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Health Care Research ◽  
Global Health Research ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Cross Country

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed existing gaps in policies, systems and services, stressing the need for concerted global action on healthy aging. Similar to the COVID-19 pandemic, dementia is a challenge for health systems on a global scale. Our hypothesis is that translational potential lies in cross-country learning by involving three high-income countries with distinct geo-political-cultural-social systems in Latin America (Chile), the South Pacific (New Zealand) and Europe (Germany). Our vision is that such cross-country learning will lead to providing adequate, equitable and sustainable care and support for families living with dementia during a pandemic and beyond. We are proposing a vision for research that takes a multi-disciplinary, strength-based approach at the intersection of health care research, disaster research, global health research and dementia research. We present some insights in support of our hypothesis and proposed research agenda. We anticipate that this research has the potential to contribute towards strengthening and transforming health care systems in times of crises and beyond.

scholarly journals The Measurement of Health Care System Efficiency: Cross-country Comparison by Geographical Region

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-44
Author(s):  
Younhee Kim ◽  
Minah Kang
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
High Income Group ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Given

Performance of health care delivery at the cross-country level has not often been directly evaluated by given inputs and outputs. This study estimates the efficiency of the health care systems of 170 countries by extending recent research using Simar and Wilson’s bootstrap data envelopment analysis with a sensitivity test. The 170 countries are divided into four groups to compute efficiency estimators necessary to attaining a homogeneity requirement. The major finding is that most countries were inefficient to maximize the use of their inputs at the given output level. Countries in the high-income group have a relatively high average efficiency, but only 16.7% of the countries performed efficiently in the management of their health care systems. Notably, Asian countries performed more efficiently among other regions in each group. This study suggests that inefficient countries should pay attention to benchmark health care best practices within their regional peer groups.

scholarly journals Computer-Aided Pharmacoepidemiology in Drug Use and Safety: Examining the Intersection between Data Science and Medicines Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Chikowe ◽  
Elias Peter Mwakilama
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Research Narrative ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Improving Health Care

Pharmacoepidemiology is a relatively new area of study that focuses on research aimed at producing data about drugs’ usage and safety in well-defined populations. Its significant impact on patient safety has translated into improving health care systems worldwide, where it has been widely adopted. This field has developed to an extent that policy and guidelines makers have started using its evidence alongside that produced from randomised controlled clinical trials. Although this significant improvement has been partly attributed to the adoption of statistics and computer-aided models into the way pharmacoepidemiology studies are designed and conducted, certain gaps still exist. This chapter reports some of the significant developments made, along with the gaps observed so far, in the adoption of statistics and computing into pharmacoepidemiology research. The goal is to highlight efforts that have led to the new pharmacoepidemiology developments, while examining the intersection between data science and pharmacology through research narrative reviews of computer-aided pharmacology. The chapter shows the significant number of initiatives that have been applied/adopted to improve pharmacoepidemiology research. Nonetheless, further developments in integrating pharmacoepidemiology with computers and statistics are needed in order to enhance the research agenda.

scholarly journals A review on oral health care in four different health care systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Brondani ◽  
Kavita Mathu-Muju ◽  
Pia Skott ◽  
Gunilla Sandborgh-Englund ◽  
Fernando N Hugo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Oral Health Outcomes

Abstract Background : A universal approach to oral health is said to improve oral health outcomes, but research has shown mixed results. This study aimed at critically reviewing the literature available on the oral health care systems of four countries in terms of structure, scope, and delivery, along with their impact on oral health outcomes. Methods : A comparative literature review of the oral health care systems in Brazil, New Zealand, Canada, and Sweden was performed between August 2017 and January 2018 using PubMed/MEDLINE and the key words ‘universal’ OR ‘publicly funded’ AND ‘dental OR oral’ AND ‘care OR access’ AND ‘outcome’. This is a critical essay based on evidence available in the literature that was enriched by accounts from 12 key informants from these four countries. Results : All four countries provide some form of universal health care, but the administration, funding, and delivery of oral health care varied. Approximately 6% of oral health care expenditure in Canada is publicly funded. Brazil provides full publicly-funded oral health care at the point of use via salaried dental professionals, while Sweden offers a high-cost protection plan favouring those with greater needs, and New Zealand delivers publicly-funded oral health care to children up to their eighteenth birthday. With service utilization varying, 61% percent of Canadian children, 67% of Swedish children, 50% of Brazilian children, and 45% of New Zealand children are caries-free at age 12, while 6.4%, 0.8%, 6.5%, and 9.6% of adults between the ages of 20 and 79 years are edentulous, respectively. Conclusions : All countries have some form of publicly-funded oral health care, but vary in the way that the services are delivered, from salary-based providers to private-practice models. Service utilization and oral health outcomes differ in each country.

Cross-country Evaluation of Health Care Systems Performance on Mortality Indices

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Anoshirvan Kazemnejad ◽  
Gholamreza Babaee
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Cross Country
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