scholarly journals Characteristics of Mercury Pollution and Ecological Risk Assessment in Different Degraded Grasslands of the Songnen Plains, Northeastern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10898
Author(s):  
Zhaojun Wang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Gang Zhang ◽  
Xu Li ◽  
Xiangyun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
Atmospheric Mercury ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Factor Index ◽  
Degraded Grassland ◽  
Soil Mercury

Mercury (Hg) is a global and widely distributed heavy metal pollutant. Mercury can affect human health as well as the health of ecosystems and poses ecological risks. The subjects of this study are three types of grassland in the Beidianzi region, Songnen Plains, Northeastern China, characterized by different degrees of degradation. The mercury content levels in the atmosphere, soil, and forage grass on the different grasslands were determined. In addition, the relationships between the mercury pollution levels in the atmosphere and soil, and the mercury distribution correlations between the soil and plants, were examined in detail. The potential risk index (RI), single factor index (PI), and ground accumulation index (Igeo) were used to evaluate the ecological risks. The results showed that the mercury content in the soils of three types of grassland exceeded the China national standard (GB36600-2018), and the soil mercury content in the moderately degraded grassland was the highest. The single factor index method and land accumulation index method showed that the three types of grassland were slightly polluted, while the potential risk index showed that the three types of grassland were severely polluted, and the potential risk index of the moderately degraded grassland was the highest. The potential risk index decreased with the increase of soil depth. The variation trend of atmospheric mercury content was lower in the morning and evening and higher in the afternoon. The potential risk index of atmospheric mercury indicated that all types of grassland were at severe risk. There was a significant positive correlation between atmospheric mercury and soil mercury. The mercury content in herbage increased with the increase of degradation. The BP neural network prediction model constructed had good accuracy and had certain reference value.

Distribution and Contamination Acessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments of Harbin Section of Songhua River, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2280-2284
Author(s):  
Kai Yue Gong ◽  
Pei Shi Qi ◽  
Yun Zhi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Songhua River ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Accumulation Index

In this study, the distribution and enrichment characters of heavy metals were explored. And the potential ecological risk levels of heavy metals were evaluated by geo-accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method. The concentrations of heavy metals in sediments of Harbin section of Songhua River are: Zn>Pb>Cr>Cu>Ni>Cd. The enrichment degree of Zn is the highest, while Cd is the lowest. The potential ecological risk indexes of heavy metals in the sediments of section of Songhua River in Harbin are: Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn>Ni>Cr. The main heavy metals pollution is Cd, which has low content but considerable potential ecological risk and contributes most to RI. The ecological risk level of heavy metals in the sediments of the section of Songhua River in Harbin is moderate.

Distribution and Potential Risk of Copper in Surface Sediments of Anping Harbor, Taiwan

2013 ◽  
Vol 376 ◽  
pp. 463-467
Author(s):  
Cheng Di Dong ◽  
Chih Feng Chen ◽  
Chiu Wen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Potential Risk ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index

This study was conducted using the data collected at the Anping Harbor, Taiwan to investigate and analyze Copper (Cu) contained in the sediments, and to evaluate the accumulation of Cr and the degree of its potential risk. The results show that samples collected at ten monitoring points contain 23380 mg/kg of Cu with an average of 114±101 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Cu reveals that the Cu concentration is relatively high in the Bamboo River mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor region. This indicates that upstream industrial and municipal wastewater discharges along the river bank are major sources of pollution. Results from the enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index analyses imply that the Bamboo River mouth sediments can be characterized as severe enrichment and moderate to strong accumulation of Cu, respectively. However, results of potential ecological risk index indicate that the sediment has low ecological potential risk. The results can provide valuable information to developing future strategies for the management of river mouth and harbor.

Mercury Contamination of Sediments in the Anping Harbor, Taiwan

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 544-548
Author(s):  
Jiann Yuh Lou ◽  
Yi Kuo Chang ◽  
Yu Sung Hsiao ◽  
Cheng Di Dong ◽  
Chih Feng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Risk ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Mercury Contamination ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Accumulation Index

This study was conducted using the data collected at the Anping Harbor, Taiwan to investigate and analyze mercury (Hg) contained in the sediments, and to evaluate the accumulation of Hg and the degree of its potential risk. The results show that samples collected at ten monitoring points contain 0.16–0.69 mg/kg of Hg with an average of 0.27±0.16 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Hg reveals that the Hg concentration is relatively high in the Bamboo River mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor region. This indicates that upstream industrial and municipal wastewater discharges along the river bank are major sources of pollution. Results from the enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index analyses imply that the Bamboo River mouth sediments can be characterized as severe enrichment and moderate to strong accumulation of Hg, respectively. Results of potential ecological risk index indicate that the sediment has higher to serious ecological potential risk. The results can provide valuable information to developing future strategies for the management of river mouth and harbor.

scholarly journals The Distributional Characteristics of Heavy Metal in Jiangsu Province Shoal Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Wenjin ◽  
Zou Xinqing
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Subtidal Zone ◽  
Tidal Zone ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Surface Samples ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Local Background

After the analysis of surface samples and core samples collected in Xinyanggang tidal land, the contents of Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cr were obtained and analyzed in this paper. The heavy metal accumulation rule and pollution status were studied by Index of geo-accumulation, latent ecological risk index method, and elements accumulation index method. The research suggests that (1) the contents of heavy metal Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cr in Xinyanggang tidal land have the same change trend, and such trend remains unchanged after the data were normalized, while the fluctuation range becomes smaller. (2) After analyzing the heavy metal content in the surface samples, it was revealed that the contents of heavy metals are getting lower from high tidal zone to low tidal zone, but the ranges of the change were different. Cu, Ni, and Zn emerge obvious decline from supratidal zone to subtidal zone, while the changes of Cr and Pb are not obvious. (3) Pb and Cr contents in Xinyanggang tidal land present accumulative character, as Pb in Xinyanggang is 3 times as much as the local background value, whose EF reaches 3.774. (4) RI value in Xinyanggang is 23.552, which indicates that though Xinyanggang tidal land has some heavy metal pollution and accumulation, there are no ecosystem risks, and the whole Xinyanggang core area environment quality is relatively good.

Evaluation of Zinc Contamination in the Sediments of Canon River Mouth, Taiwan

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 1767-1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiu Wen Chen ◽  
Chih Feng Chen ◽  
Cheng Di Dong
Keyword(s):  
Potential Risk ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Severe Degree ◽  
Zinc Contamination

This study was conducted using the data collected at the mouth of Canon River to investigate and analyze zinc (Zn) contained in the sediments, and to evaluate the accumulation of Zn and the degree of its potential risk. The results show that samples collected at all monitoring stations near the mouth of Canon River contain 358–3,365 mg/kg of Zn with average of 1,878±1,015 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Zn reveals that the Zn concentration is relatively high in the river mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor region. This indicates that upstream industrial and municipal wastewater discharges along the river bank are major sources of pollution. The enrichment factor (EF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) indicate that the sedimentation at Canon River mouth has the moderately severe to extremely severe degree accumulation and moderate to very strongly accumulation of Zn. However, the potential ecological risk index indicates that the sedimentation at Canon River mouth has the low to moderate ecological potential risk.

Evaluation of Cadmium Contamination in the Surface Sediments of Anping Harbor, Taiwan

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
Cheng Di Dong ◽  
Chih Feng Chen ◽  
Chiu Wen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Potential Risk ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Ecological Risk Index ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
Geo Accumulation Index

This study was conducted using the data collected at the Anping Harbor, Taiwan to investigate and analyze cadmium (Cd) contained in the sediments, and to evaluate the accumulation of Cr and the degree of its potential risk. The results show that samples collected at ten monitoring points contain 0.040.60 mg/kg of Cd with an average of 0.26±0.18 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Cd reveals that the Cd concentration is relatively high in river mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor region. This indicates that upstream industrial and municipal wastewater discharges along the river bank are major sources of pollution. Results from the enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index analyses imply that the Bamboo River mouth sediments can be characterized as moderately severe enrichment and moderate accumulation of Cd, respectively. Results of potential ecological risk index indicate that the surface sediment has higher ecological potential risk in Bamboo River mouth. The results can provide valuable information to developing future strategies for the management of river mouth and harbor.

The Distributional Characteristics about Heavy Metal Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr of XINGYANGGANG Shoal-Sea

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 2970-2979
Author(s):  
Wen Jin Yu ◽  
Xin Qing Zou
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Wave Crest ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Cr Content ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Accumulation Index

The heavy metal Pb、Cu、Zn 、Cr content of surface samples and pillar samples in different geography of core sanctuary in XINYANGGANG tidal land were analyzed in this paper. The present pollution condition of heavy metal and heavy metal accumulation rule were studied by Index of geo-accumulation index, latent ecological risk index method and elements accumulation index method. The research suggested that 1、The heavy metal Pb、Cu、Zn 、Cr content trend in XINYANGGANG tidal land is basically the same and this tend do not change between before and after return a turn, but the undulate scope of heavy metal become narrow and The wave crest and trough of wave have a lagged trend. 2、After researching the heavy metal content of surface tidal land, you can find that change of heavy metal Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr are lower one by one in order from high tidal land to low tidal land, but the degree of this change is different. Change of Cu、Ni、Zn content are obvious, at the same time the change of Cr、Pb content are not obvious. 3、The heavy metal Pb、Cr content in XINYANGGANG tidal land express accumulated character, and Pb content of XINYANGGANG is 300% of that of Jiangsu province soil, whose EF is 3.774. All that suggest that XINYANGGANG tidal land have Pb pollution. 4、RI of XINYANGGANG is 23.552, this suggest that though XINYANGGANG tidal land have some heavy metal pollution and accumulation, there are no ecosystem danger, and The whole XINYANGGANG core area environment quality is good.

scholarly journals Prediction of Fuel Poverty Potential Risk Index Using Six Regression Algorithms: A Case-Study of Chilean Social Dwellings

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2426
Author(s):  
David Bienvenido-Huertas ◽  
Jesús A. Pulido-Arcas ◽  
Carlos Rubio-Bellido ◽  
Alexis Pérez-Fargallo
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Regression Algorithms

In recent times, studies about the accuracy of algorithms to predict different aspects of energy use in the building sector have flourished, being energy poverty one of the issues that has received considerable critical attention. Previous studies in this field have characterized it using different indicators, but they have failed to develop instruments to predict the risk of low-income households falling into energy poverty. This research explores the way in which six regression algorithms can accurately forecast the risk of energy poverty by means of the fuel poverty potential risk index. Using data from the national survey of socioeconomic conditions of Chilean households and generating data for different typologies of social dwellings (e.g., form ratio or roof surface area), this study simulated 38,880 cases and compared the accuracy of six algorithms. Multilayer perceptron, M5P and support vector regression delivered the best accuracy, with correlation coefficients over 99.5%. In terms of computing time, M5P outperforms the rest. Although these results suggest that energy poverty can be accurately predicted using simulated data, it remains necessary to test the algorithms against real data. These results can be useful in devising policies to tackle energy poverty in advance.

scholarly journals Biological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments and Health Risk Assessment in Marine Organisms from Daya Bay, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Zexing Kuang ◽  
Yangguang Gu ◽  
Yiyong Rao ◽  
Honghui Huang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Daya Bay ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Accumulation Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Primary Pollutant ◽  
Geo Accumulation

The concentrations of heavy metals in sediments and marine organisms in Daya Bay were investigated, and the Monte Carlo method was used to analyze the uncertainty of the results of geo-accumulation characteristics and ecological and health risks. The mean concentrations of metal elements in sediments were in the following order: Zn > Cr > Cu > As > Cd > Hg, while those in marine organisms were Zn > Cu > As > Cr ≈ Cd > Hg. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) indicated that the primary pollutant was Hg, with 5.46% moderately polluted, and 39.52% for unpolluted to moderately polluted. Potential ecological risks (RI) were between low and high risks, and the contributions of Hg, Cd, and As to ecological risks were 50.85%, 33.92%, and 11.47%, respectively. The total hazard coefficients (THQ) were less than 1, but on the basis of total carcinogenic risks (TCR), the probability of children and adults exceeded the unacceptable risk threshold of 22.27% and 11.19%, respectively. Sensitivity analysis results showed that the concentrations of carcinogenic elements contributed to risk in the order of As > Cd > Cr. Therefore, in order to effectively control heavy metals contamination in Daya Bay, it is necessary to strengthen the management of Hg, Cd, and As emissions.

scholarly journals Evaluating ecological risks and tracking potential factors influencing heavy metals in sediments in an urban river

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongping Liu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Huibin Yu ◽  
Hongjie Gao ◽  
Weining Xu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Urban River ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Background Values ◽  
Potential Factors

Abstract Background Heavy metal pollution of aquatic systems is a global issue that has received considerable attention. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA), principal component analysis (PCA), and potential ecological risk index (PERI) have been applied to heavy metal data to trace potential factors, identify regional differences, and evaluate ecological risks. Sediment cores of 200 cm in depth were taken using a drilling platform at 10 sampling sites along the Xihe River, an urban river located in western Shenyang City, China. Then they were divided into 10 layers (20 cm each layer). The concentrations of the As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn were measured for each layer. Eight heavy metals, namely Pb, Zn, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Hg, were measured for each layer in this study. Results The average concentrations of the As, Cd, Cu, Hg, and Zn were significantly higher than their background values in soils in the region, and mainly gathered at 0–120 cm in depth in the upstream, 0–60 cm in the midstream, and 0–20 cm downstream. This indicated that these heavy metals were derived from the upstream areas where a large quantity of effluents from the wastewater treatment plants enter the river. Ni, Pb, and Cr were close or slightly higher than their background values. The decreasing order of the average concentration of Cd was upstream > midstream > downstream, so were Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn. The highest concentration of As was midstream, followed by upstream and then downstream, which was different to Cd. The potential factors of heavy metal pollution were Cd, Cu, Hg, Zn, and As, especially Cd and Hg with the high ecological risks. The ecological risk levels of all heavy metals were much higher in the upstream than the midstream and downstream. Conclusions Industrial discharge was the dominant source for eight heavy metals in the surveyed area, and rural domestic sewage has a stronger influence on the Hg pollution than industrial pollutants. These findings indicate that effective management strategies for sewage discharge should be developed to protect the environmental quality of urban rivers.

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