Environmentally Relevant Mixture of Pesticides Affect Mobility and DNA Integrity of Early Life Stages of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of three concentrations of a pesticide mixture on the first development stages of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The mixture was made up of three commonly used pesticides in viticulture: glyphosate (GLY), chlorpyrifos (CPF) and copper sulfate (Cu). Eyed stage embryos were exposed for 3 weeks to three concentrations of the pesticide mixture. Lethal and sub-lethal effects were assessed through a number of phenotypic and molecular endpoints including survival, hatching delay, hatching success, biometry, swimming activity, DNA damage (Comet assay), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), protein carbonyl content and gene expression. Ten target genes involved in antioxidant defenses, DNA repair, mitochondrial metabolism and apoptosis were analyzed using real-time RT-qPCR. No significant increase of mortality, half-hatch, growth defects, TBARS and protein carbonyl contents were observed whatever the pesticide mixture concentration. In contrast, DNA damage and swimming activity were significantly more elevated at the highest pesticide mixture concentration. Gene transcription was up-regulated for genes involved in detoxification (gst and mt1), DNA repair (ogg1), mitochondrial metabolism (cox1 and 12S), and cholinergic system (ache). This study highlighted the induction of adaptive molecular and behavioral responses of rainbow trout larvae when exposed to environmentally realistic concentrations of a mixture of pesticides.

Download Full-text

Borax Supplementation Alleviates Hematotoxicity and DNA Damage in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Exposed to Copper

Biological Trace Element Research ◽

10.1007/s12011-018-1399-6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 187 (2) ◽

pp. 536-542 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Gonca Alak ◽

Veysel Parlak ◽

Mehmet Enes Aslan ◽

Arzu Ucar ◽

Muhammed Atamanalp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Rainbow Trout ◽

Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Download Full-text

Increased metabolic cost of swimming and consequent alterations to circadian activity in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to dietary copper

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f02-046 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 59 (5) ◽

pp. 768-777 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

H A Campbell ◽

R D Handy ◽

D W Sims

Keyword(s):

Rainbow Trout ◽

Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Metabolic Cost ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Standard Metabolic Rate ◽

Swimming Activity ◽

Exposed Fish ◽

Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Behavioural Strategy ◽

Temporal Aspects

This study tests the hypothesis that rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) compensate for the metabolic cost of dietary Cu exposure by reducing swimming activity at particular times during the diel cycle. Fish were exposed to excess dietary Cu for three months (726 mg Cu·kg1 dry weight) and simultaneously oxygen consumption (MO2) and spontaneous swimming activity were measured. Rhythmicity in swimming activity was examined by videorecording fish behaviours for 48 h. Standard metabolic rate estimates (RS) of 7.2 and 8.7 mmol O2·kg1·h1 (15°C) were measured for control and Cu-exposed fish, respectively. MO2 was higher in Cu-exposed fish at any chosen speed compared with control Cu-exposed trout, which decreased activity (mean speed) by at least 75%, spent more time at lower speeds, and lost circadian periodicity in these parameters compared with controls. Mean growth rates were normal, although Cu-exposed fish showed a narrower range of body weights and fewer mortalities than control groups, suggesting a suppression in social behaviour in Cu-exposed fish. Overall, the increased metabolic cost of swimming in Cu-exposed fish was fully compensated by a reduction in activity, particularly at night and dawn. However, this behavioural strategy suggests that spatial and temporal aspects of ecologically important social behaviours may be compromised in Cu-exposed fish.

Download Full-text