scholarly journals Comparison of Latent Tuberculosis Infections among General versus Tuberculosis Health Care Workers in Myanmar

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Moe Hnin Phyu ◽  
Hutcha Sriplung ◽  
Myo Su Kyi ◽  
Cho Cho San ◽  
Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Normal Chest Radiograph ◽  
Latent Tb Infection

Health care workers (HCWs) in high tuberculosis (TB) prevalence countries have to care for many cases, thus increasing their risk of infection. The objective of the study was to compare the prevalence of latent TB infection (LTBI) between general HCWs and TB HCWs, and also to explore the associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar from September 2019 to January 2020. Staff working at two general hospitals were recruited. Those allocated for TB care were classified as TB HCWs, while the remaining were classified as general HCWs. Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire, and screened for LTBI using a tuberculin skin test (TST). Individuals who had an induration of 10 mm or more with normal chest radiograph were regarded as having LTBI. The prevalence of LTBI among general HCWs was 2.04 times higher than that of TB HCWs (31.2% vs. 15.3%, p < 0.001). The associated factors for LTBI included low education level, duration of work experience ≥ 10 years, a low knowledge of regular TB screening, and teaching cough etiquette to TB patients. The higher prevalence of LTBI in the general HCWs in this study was due to confounding by education and experience. After adjustment for these, we have no evidence to support that either group of HCWs had higher LTBI risk.

Occupational exposure of health care workers to blood and body fluids in West Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2018: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfaye Solomon ◽  
Dejene Lemessa
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers

Abstract Background: Health care workers are susceptible to acquiring blood and body fluids borne infections due to their occupations involving contact with patients and their body fluids, although studies conducted in Ethiopia are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the magnitude of exposure to blood and body fluids among health care workers in governmental health facilities in West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia.Materials and methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 19 to June 25, 2018. A total of 381 health care workers were selected by simple random sampling from 31 sampled governmental health facilities using proportional to size allocation. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires, entered into Epi-info version 7, and analyzed by SPSS version 21. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated for variables retained in the multivariable logistic regression and significance declared at p<0.05.Results: Of 377 health care workers who participated, the study found that 233 (61.2%) were exposed to blood and body fluids in their lifetime. Previous needle stick injury (AOR=0.30; 95%CI: 0.12-0.75), type of health facility (AOR=0.42; 95%CI: 0.26-0.68), handwashing practice (AOR=0.15; 95%CI: 0.07, 0.31), and perceiving at risk (AOR=0.16; 95%CI: 0.03, 0.98) were protective factors whereas long work experience (AOR=1.47; 95%CI: 1.13-1.93) was a risk factor for the exposure.Conclusions: Exposures to blood and body fluids during patient care were common among health care workers in the study area. Therefore, health care workers especially those newly hired and working in hospitals should pay due attention to their occupation's safety and regularly practice hand washing during critical times.

scholarly journals Isolation measures and protection awareness are significant for latent tuberculosis infection: a cross-sectional study based on T-SPOT.TB among health care workers in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfeng Deng ◽  
Yun Liu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Hui Jing ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers

AbstractThis study aimed to reveal the associated risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) detected by T-SPOT.TB assay among health care workers (HCWs) at different working locations or job categories in China. This cross-sectional study included 934 HCWs who underwent the T-SPOT.TB assay. Demographic and social characteristics of the participants, including age, sex, job categories, department/ward and duration of healthcare service, were recorded. Among 934 HCWs, 267 (28.5867%) were diagnosed as having LTBI with positive T-SPOT.TB assay. HCWs working in inpatient tuberculosis (TB) (odds ratio (OR) 2.917; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.852–4.596; P < 0.001) and respiratory wards (OR 1.840; 95% CI 1.124–3.011; P = 0.015), and with longer duration of healthcare service (OR 1.048; 95% CI 1.016–1.080; P = 0.003) were risk factors for positive T-SPOT.TB result. Furthermore, longer working duration increased the positive rate of T-SPOT.TB results for physicians and nurses, and physicians had higher risks than nurses for the same working duration. Inpatient TB and respiratory wards were high-risk working locations for HCWs with LTBI, and longer duration of healthcare service also increased the risk of LTBI among HCWs. A complete strategy for TB infection control and protection awareness among HCWs should be enhanced.

scholarly journals Preparedness toward COVID-19 pandemics and associated factors among health care workers in Dire Dawa Hospitals, Eastern Ethiopia: A facility-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110549
Author(s):  
Tameru Menberu ◽  
Robel Mekonnen ◽  
Yibekal Manaye ◽  
Mesfin Kebede ◽  
Yonatan Solomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Workers

Introduction: Health care workers are at the frontline of the response against the COVID-19 outbreak. Poor preparedness and infection prevention practices among health care workers compound the hazard and occurrence of COVID-19 hospital transmission. Thus, the study aimed to assess preparedness toward COVID-19 pandemics and associated factors among health care workers in Hospitals of Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 20 June to July 10 2020. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 423 health care workers. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS Version 23. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with the outcome variable, and statistical significance was declared at a p-value less than 0.05. Results: This study revealed that the proportion of health care workers’ preparedness toward the COVID-19 pandemic was 40.9% (95% CI: 36.2–45.9). Working in a public hospital (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.6–4.3), being unafraid of transmitting COVID-19 to patients (Adjusted odds ratio/AOR = 4.6, 95% CI: 2.2–10.0), feeling safe at the workplace (AOR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.7–6.4)), satisfied with the infection control policy (AOR = 6.0, 95% CI: 2.3–15.0), and not feeling anxious about the likelihood of COVID-19 spread (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.3–3.4) were significantly associated with COVID-19 preparedness. Conclusion: The majority of the health care workers were not prepared for COVID-19 pandemics. Feeling safe at the workplace scared of transmitting COVID-19 to patients, satisfied with the infection control policy, and feeling anxious concerning the likelihood of COVID-19 were factors associated with health care workers’ preparedness to COVID-19. The current awareness creation training, including motivational and psychological preparation for all health care workers, is mandatory, regardless of their profession or working place.

scholarly journals Occupational Exposure of Health-Care Workers to Blood and Body Fluids in West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia, 2018: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Dejene Lemessa ◽  
Tesfaye Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Needlestick Injury ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers

Background. Health-care workers are susceptible to acquiring blood and body fluids borne infections due to their occupations involving contact with patients and their body fluids, although studies conducted in Ethiopia are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the magnitude of exposure to blood and body fluids among health-care workers in governmental health facilities in West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. Materials and Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 19 to June 25, 2018. A total of 381 health-care workers were selected by simple random sampling from 31 sampled governmental health facilities using proportional to size allocation. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires, entered into Epi Info version 7, and analyzed by SPSS version 21. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated for variables retained in the multivariable logistic regression and significance declared at p < 0.05 . Results. Of 377 health-care workers who participated, the study found that 233 (61.2%) were exposed to blood and body fluids in their lifetime. Previous needlestick injury (AOR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.12–0.75), type of health facility (AOR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.26–0.68), handwashing practice (AOR = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.31), and perceiving at risk (AOR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.98) were protective factors, whereas long work experience (AOR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.13–1.93) was a risk factor for the exposure. Conclusions. Exposures to blood and body fluids during patient care were common among health-care workers in the study area. Therefore, health-care workers especially those newly hired and working in hospitals should pay due attention to their occupation’s safety and regularly practice handwashing during critical times.

scholarly journals Workplace violence among municipal health care workers in Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-90
Author(s):  
Mariana Roberta Lopes Simões ◽  
Heloisa Helena Barroso ◽  
Danielle Sandra da Silva de-Azevedo ◽  
Ana Carolina Monteiro Duarte ◽  
Rose Elizabeth Cabral Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Municipal Health

Background: Health care workers stand out in recent studies as a function of high rates of workplace violence. Objective: To calculate the prevalence of workplace violence involving health care workers and associated factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study with municipal health care workers in Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data were collected in interviews from December 2016 through March 2017. Variable workplace violence was considered as outcome on univariate and multivariate analysis. Descriptive and analytical statistical techniques were used (Poisson regression). Results: The study population comprised 203 municipal health care workers (79% response rate). The prevalence of workplace violence was 40.4–47.9% for women and 22.0% for men. Occupational factors associated with violence were job satisfaction, support at work and psychological demands. Conclusion: The prevalence rates we found and associated factors point to the relevance of health protection policies targeting this category of workers which may contribute to mitigate the negative effects of violence on the health of workers and consequently on the quality of care delivery.

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