scholarly journals Borexino Results on Neutrinos from the Sun and Earth

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Sindhujha Kumaran ◽  
Livia Ludhova ◽  
Ömer Penek ◽  
Giulio Settanta
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Scintillator ◽  
Thermal Stabilization ◽  
Solar Neutrinos ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Total Flux ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Radioactive Elements ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Scintillator Detector

Borexino is a 280-ton liquid scintillator detector located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. Since the start of its data-taking in May 2007, it has provided several measurements of low-energy neutrinos from various sources. At the base of its success lie unprecedented levels of radio-purity and extensive thermal stabilization, both resulting from a years-long effort of the collaboration. Solar neutrinos, emitted in the Hydrogen-to-Helium fusion in the solar core, are important for the understanding of our star, as well as neutrino properties. Borexino is the only experiment that has performed a complete spectroscopy of the pp chain solar neutrinos (with the exception of the hep neutrinos contributing to the total flux at 10−5 level), through the detection of pp, 7Be, pep, and 8B solar neutrinos and has experimentally confirmed the existence of the CNO fusion cycle in the Sun. Borexino has also detected geoneutrinos, antineutrinos from the decays of long-lived radioactive elements inside the Earth, that can be exploited as a new and unique tool to study our planet. This paper reviews the most recent Borexino results on solar and geoneutrinos, from highlighting the key elements of the analyses up to the discussion and interpretation of the results for neutrino, solar, and geophysics.

The calibration system for the Borexino experiment

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (16) ◽  
pp. 1442010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Caccianiga ◽  
Alessandra Carlotta Re
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Liquid Scintillator ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Solar Neutrinos ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Calibration System ◽  
Scintillator Detector ◽  
Critical Aspects

Borexino is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to study solar neutrinos in real-time. Since the beginning of data-taking in 2007, Borexino has been able to perform a complete spectroscopy of neutrinos from the Sun, thanks to its unprecedented radiopurity. Calibrations have been crucial for the success of the experiment. In this paper, we describe the Borexino calibration system, emphasizing its most critical aspects, in particular to those related to radiopurity. We also discuss some of the results of the calibration campaigns performed in Borexino Phase-1.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF VERY LOW ENERGY SOLAR NEUTRINOS ON THE MSW MECHANISM

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (35) ◽  
pp. 2611-2617
Author(s):  
S. ESPOSITO
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Solar Neutrinos ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
The Sun

We study some implications on standard matter oscillations of solar neutrinos induced by a background of extremely low energy thermal neutrinos trapped inside the Sun by means of coherent refractive interactions. Possible experimental tests are envisaged and current data on solar neutrinos detected at Earth are briefly discussed.

Earth Heat and Lunar Gravity Geothermal And Tidal Energy

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. McElroy
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Internal Source ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Radioactive Elements ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Tectonically Active ◽  
Earth’S Interior ◽  
Earth's Interior

To this point, we have discussed the current status and future prospects of energy from coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear, wind, solar, and hydro. With the exception of the contribution from nuclear, the ultimate origin of the energy for all of these sources is the sun— energy captured millions of years ago by photosynthesis in the case of the fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), energy harvested from contemporary inputs in the case of wind and solar. We turn now to a discussion of the potential for generation of electricity from geothermal sources and ocean tides. Decay of radioactive elements in the Earth’s interior provides the dominant source for the former; energy extracted from the gravitational interaction of the Earth and moon is the primary source for the latter. There are two main contributions to the energy reaching the surface from the Earth’s interior. The first involves convection and conduction of heat from the mantle and core. The second reflects the contribution from decay of radioactive elements in the crust, notably uranium, thorium, and potassium. The composite geothermal source, averaged over the Earth, amounts to about 8 × 10– 2 W m– 2, approximately 3,000 times less than the energy absorbed from the sun. As a consequence of the presence of the internal source, temperatures increase at an average rate of about 25°C per kilometer as a function of depth below the Earth’s surface. The rate of increase is greater in regions that are tectonically active, notably in the western United States and in the region surrounding the Pacific Ocean (the so- called Ring of Fire) — less in others. Of particular interest in terms of harvesting the internal energy source to produce electricity are hydrothermal reservoirs, subsurface environments characterized by the presence of significant quantities of high- temperature water formed by exposure to lava or through contact with unusually hot crustal material. The water contained in hydrothermal reservoirs is supplied for the most part by percolation from the surface through overlying porous rock. The conditions required for production of these hydrothermal systems are relatively specialized.

Limits on low-energy neutrino fluxes with the Mont Blanc liquid scintillator detector

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aglietta ◽  
P. Antonioli ◽  
G. Badino ◽  
G. Bologna ◽  
C. Castagnoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Scintillator ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Neutrino ◽  
Neutrino Fluxes ◽  
Scintillator Detector

scholarly journals Low Energy Neutrino Astronomy in the future large-volume liquid-scintillator detector LENA

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 042071
Author(s):  
Michael Wurm ◽  
F V Feilitzsch ◽  
M Göger-Neff ◽  
T Lewke ◽  
T Marrodan Undagoitia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Volume ◽  
Liquid Scintillator ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Neutrino ◽  
The Future ◽  
Neutrino Astronomy ◽  
Scintillator Detector

Low energy neutrino astrophysics with the large liquid-scintillator detector LENA

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wurm ◽  
F. von Feilitzsch ◽  
M. Göger-Neff ◽  
T. Marrodán Undagoitia ◽  
L. Oberauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Scintillator ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Neutrino ◽  
Neutrino Astrophysics ◽  
Scintillator Detector

scholarly journals Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics with the JUNO Detector

Universe ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lino Miramonti
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Liquid Scintillator ◽  
Solar Neutrinos ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Calibration ◽  
Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Detector Performance ◽  
Neutrino Mass Hierarchy ◽  
Under Construction

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a 20 kton liquid scintillator multi-purpose underground detector, under construction near the Chinese city of Jiangmen, with data collection expected to start in 2021. The main goal of the experiment is the neutrino mass hierarchy determination, with more than three sigma significance, and the high-precision neutrino oscillation parameter measurements, detecting electron anti-neutrinos emitted from two nearby (baseline of about 53 km) nuclear power plants. Besides, the unprecedented liquid scintillator-type detector performance in target mass, energy resolution, energy calibration precision, and low-energy threshold features a rich physics program for the detection of low-energy astrophysical neutrinos, such as galactic core-collapse supernova neutrinos, solar neutrinos, and geo-neutrinos.

scholarly journals SOLAR NEUTRINOS AND THE JUPITER

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (17n20) ◽  
pp. 1459-1463
Author(s):  
W-Y. PAUCHY HWANG
Keyword(s):  
Solar Neutrinos ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Weak Current ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Neutral Weak Current

Judging from the fact that the planet Jupiter is bigger in size than the Earth by 103 while is smaller than the Sun by 103, the solar neutrinos, when encounter the Jupiter, may have some visible effects. We estimate how much energy/power carried by solar neutrinos get transferred by this unique process. Solar neutrinos, despite of their feeble neutral weak current interactions, might deposit enough energy in the Jupiter.

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