Role of CARD Region of MDA5 Gene in Canine Influenza Virus Infection

MDA5 belongs to the RIG-I-like receptor family, which is involved in innate immunity. During viral infection, MDA5 generates an antiviral response by recognizing the ligand to activate interferon. However, the role and mechanism of MDA5 in canine influenza virus (CIV) infection are unclear. To understand the mechanism of canine MDA5-mediated innate immunity during CIV infection, we detected the distribution of MDA5 in beagles, and the structural prediction showed that MDA5 was mainly composed of a CARD domain, RD domain, and DExD/H helix structure. Moreover, we found that MDA5 inhibits CIV replication. Furthermore, in the dual luciferase assay, we revealed that the CARD region of MDA5 strongly activated the IFN-β promoter and mainly transmitted signals through the CARD region. Overexpression of the CARD region of MDA5 revealed that the MDA5-mediated signaling pathway could transmit signals by activating the IRF3/NF-κB and IRF3 promoters, promoting the expression of antiviral proteins and cytokine release, thereby inhibiting CIV replication. Upon silencing of MDA5, cytokine production decreased, while the replication ability of CIV was increased. Thus, this study revealed a novel mechanism by which MDA5 mediated CIV infection and provided new avenues for the development of antiviral strategies.

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Serologic Reports of H3N2 Canine Influenza Virus Infection in Dogs in Northeast China

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science ◽

10.1292/jvms.13-0022 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 75 (8) ◽

pp. 1061-1062 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yong-Biao ZHANG ◽

Ji-Dang CHEN ◽

Jie-Xiong XIE ◽

Wan-Jun ZHU ◽

Chun-Ya WEI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Virus ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Northeast China ◽

Influenza Virus Infection ◽

Canine Influenza Virus ◽

Canine Influenza

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Prevalence of canine parvo virus and canine influenza virus infection in dogs in Dhaka, Mymensingh, Feni and Chittagong districts of Bangladesh

Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.3329/ajmbr.v2i1.27579 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 138-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Soumitra Sen ◽

Md Siddiqur Rahman ◽

Minakshi Nag ◽

Mohummad Muklesur Rahman ◽

Roma Rani Sarker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Virus ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Influenza Virus Infection ◽

Canine Parvovirus ◽

Age Group ◽

Pet Dogs ◽

Canine Influenza Virus ◽

Test Kit ◽

Canine Influenza ◽

Age And Sex

Canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine influenza virus (CIV) are highly contagious virus infecting members of the canine family including dogs, coyotes, foxes and wolves. The research work was carried out to determine the prevalence of CPV and CIV in dogs (stray and pet dogs) in Dhaka, Mymensingh, Feni and Chittagong Districts by using Rapigen CPV and CIV Ag test kit. Fecal samples were collected from 50 dogs of different age and sex from different spots of Dhaka and Chittagong District. Nasal fluid samples were collected from 50 dogs of different age and sex from different spots. The samples were tested with Rapigen canine parvovirus Ag test kit and Rapigen canine influenza Ag test kit. Overall prevalence of CPV in pet dogs was 22% and in stray dogs was 30%. The prevalence of canine parvovirus in relation to age was gradually decreasing with higher age group and the prevalence was 28% in 1-6 months age, 16.66% in 7-12 months age group 11.11%o ver 18 months age group. The prevalence of canine parvovirus was significantly higher in male (24.13%) than that in female (19.04%). All samples showed negative test result for canine influenza virus. Prevalence of canine influenza virus infection were 00.00% in all age groups and sex. Overall prevalence of CIV in all pet and stray dogs were 00.00%.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 138-142

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Serological evidence of H3N2 canine influenza virus infection among horses with dog exposure

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases ◽

10.1111/tbed.13104 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 66 (2) ◽

pp. 915-920

Author(s):

Pei Zhou ◽

Aijian Luo ◽

Xiangyu Xiao ◽

Xue Hu ◽

Dan Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Virus ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Influenza Virus Infection ◽

Serological Evidence ◽

Canine Influenza Virus ◽

Canine Influenza

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Serological evidence of canine influenza virus infection in shelter dogs in Turkey

Medycyna Weterynaryjna ◽

10.21521/mw.5986 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (6) ◽

pp. 5986-2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

HAKAN AYDIN ◽

AKIN KIRBAS ◽

MEHMET OZKAN TIMURKAN ◽

MUSTAFA SINAN AKTAS ◽

GULIZAR ACAR KIRMIZI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Influenza Virus ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Reverse Transcriptase ◽

Influenza Virus Infection ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Chain Reaction ◽

Canine Influenza Virus ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Canine Influenza

Influenza virus infection is an important disease which occurs in humans and a variety of animals. Because of the wide host adaptation and segmented genome, there is always the possibility of mutations and interspecies transmission of the influenza virus. Our study is the first to draw attention to canine influenza infection in Turkey. For this purpose, 208 sera and swab samples were collected from dogs with respiratory and nonrespiratory signs in various seasons. Out of the 208 dogs, 94 (45.2%) were male and 114 (54.8%) were female; the average age was 4.7 years. A total of 208 sera samples were tested for the presence of canine influenza virusspecific antibodies by the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The seroprevalence of canine influenza virus infection was 11/208 (5.8%). With regard to seasonal distribution, the highest rate of seropositivity was detected in spring, and the lowest in summer. Molecular detection of the canine influenza virus from nasal swab samples was done by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction using specific universal primers for the hemagglutinin gene. Influenza virus nucleic acid could not be detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. In this study, we revealed for the first time the existence of the canine influenza virus in Turkey. Although the seroprevalence was relatively low, it would be useful to investigate the canine influenza virus on a large scale and among dogs with infectious respiratory disease in the Turkish dog population..

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Seroprevalence of avian origin H3N2 canine influenza virus infection in pet dogs in Shenzhen, China

African Journal of Microbiology Research ◽

10.5897/ajmr11.1082 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 (32) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fu-Rong Zhao

Keyword(s):

Influenza Virus ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Influenza Virus Infection ◽

Pet Dogs ◽

Canine Influenza Virus ◽

Avian Origin ◽

Canine Influenza

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Antiviral Activity of Canine RIG-I against Canine Influenza Virus and Interactions between Canine RIG-I and CIV

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13102048 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 2048

Author(s):

Zhen Wang ◽

Shaotang Ye ◽

Congwen Yao ◽

Ji Wang ◽

Jianwei Mao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Virus ◽

Nonstructural Protein ◽

Antiviral Response ◽

Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation ◽

Luciferase Assay ◽

Canine Influenza Virus ◽

Interferon Stimulated Genes ◽

Nonstructural Protein 1 ◽

Cellular Antiviral Response ◽

Canine Influenza

RIG-I functions as a virus sensor that induces a cellular antiviral response. Although it has been investigated in other species, there have been no further studies to date on canine RIG-I against canine influenza virus (CIV). In the present study, we cloned the RIG-I gene of beagle dogs and characterized its expression, subcellular localization, antiviral response, and interactions with CIV proteins. RIG-I was highly expressed and mainly localized in the cytoplasm, with low levels detected in the nucleus. The results revealed that overexpression of the CARD domain of RIG-I and knockdown of RIG-I showed its ability to activate the RLR pathway and induced the expression of downstream interferon-stimulated genes. Moreover, overexpression of canine RIG-I suppressed the replication of CIV. The association between RIG-I and CIV was evaluated with the luciferase assay and by indirect immunofluorescence and bimolecular fluorescence complementation analyses. The results showed that CIV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) can strongly suppress the RIG-I–mediated innate immune response, and the novel interactions between CIV matrix proteins (M1 and M2) and canine RIG-I were disclosed. These findings provide a basis for investigating the antiviral mechanism of canine RIG-I against CIV, which can lead to effective strategies for preventing CIV infection in dogs.

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