scholarly journals In Silico Prediction of Human Leukocytes Antigen (HLA) Class II Binding Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Peptides in Botswana

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wonderful Tatenda Choga ◽  
Motswedi Anderson ◽  
Edward Zumbika ◽  
Bonolo B. Phinius ◽  
Tshepiso Mbangiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Hla Class Ii ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Kits ◽  
Immunological Responses ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Epitope Vaccines

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the primary cause of liver-related malignancies worldwide, and there is no effective cure for chronic HBV infection (CHB) currently. Strong immunological responses induced by T cells are associated with HBV clearance during acute infection; however, the repertoire of epitopes (epi) presented by major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) to elicit these responses in various African populations is not well understood. In silico approaches were used to map and investigate 15-mers HBV peptides restricted to 9 HLA class II alleles with high population coverage in Botswana. Sequences from 44 HBV genotype A and 48 genotype D surface genes (PreS/S) from Botswana were used. Of the 1819 epi bindings predicted, 20.2% were strong binders (SB), and none of the putative epi bind to all the 9 alleles suggesting that multi-epitope, genotype-based, population-based vaccines will be more effective against HBV infections as opposed to previously proposed broad potency epitope-vaccines which were assumed to work for all alleles. In total, there were 297 unique epi predicted from the 3 proteins and amongst, S regions had the highest number of epi (n = 186). Epitope-densities (Depi) between genotypes A and D were similar. A number of mutations that hindered HLA-peptide binding were observed. We also identified antigenic and genotype-specific peptides with characteristics that are well suited for the development of sensitive diagnostic kits. This study identified candidate peptides that can be used for developing multi-epitope vaccines and highly sensitive diagnostic kits against HBV infection in an African population. Our results suggest that viral variability may hinder HBV peptide-MHC binding, required to initiate a cascade of immunological responses against infection.

In silico analysis of mutations associated with occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Olagbenro ◽  
Motswedi Anderson ◽  
Simani Gaseitsiwe ◽  
Eleanor A. Powell ◽  
Maemu P. Gededzha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
In Silico ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Occult Hepatitis ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Occult Hepatitis B ◽  
Silico Analysis

scholarly journals Molecular analysis of HLA class II associations with hepatitis B virus clearance and vaccine nonresponsiveness

Hepatology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1383-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Godkin ◽  
Miles Davenport ◽  
Adrian V.S. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Hla Class Ii ◽  
Virus Clearance ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals Comprehensive Analysis of Class I and Class II HLA Antigens and Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (22) ◽  
pp. 12083-12087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe L. Thio ◽  
David L. Thomas ◽  
Peter Karacki ◽  
Xiaojiang Gao ◽  
Darlene Marti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Persistence ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Viral Clearance ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Class I ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus

ABSTRACT Following an acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, clearance or persistence is determined in part by the vigor and breadth of the host immune response. Since the human leukocyte antigen system (HLA) is an integral component of the immune response, we hypothesized that the highly polymorphic HLA genes are key determinants of viral clearance. HLA class I and II genes were molecularly typed in 194 Caucasian individuals with viral persistence and 342 matched controls who had cleared the virus. A single class I allele, A*0301 (odds ratio [OR], 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30 to 0.72; P = 0.0005) was associated with viral clearance. The class II allele DRB1*1302 was also associated with clearance (OR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.19 to 0.93; P = 0.03), but its significance decreased in a multivariate model that included other alleles associated with disease outcome as covariates. B*08 was associated with viral persistence both independently (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.43; P = 0.03) and as part of the conserved Caucasian haplotype A*01-B*08-DRB1*03. The B*44-Cw*1601 (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.13 to 4.42; P = 0.02) and B*44-Cw*0501 (OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.22 to 3.24; P = 0.006) haplotypes were also associated with viral persistence. Interestingly, both the B*08 haplotype and DR7, which forms a haplotype with B*44-Cw*1601, have been associated with nonresponse to the HBV vaccine. The associations with class I alleles are consistent with a previously implicated role for CD8-mediated cytolytic-T-cell response in determining the outcome of an acute HBV infection.

Heterozygote advantage for HLA class-II type in hepatitis B virus infection

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Thursz ◽  
Howard C. Thomas ◽  
Brian M. Greenwood ◽  
Adrian V.S. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Hla Class Ii ◽  
Heterozygote Advantage ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
B Virus

How Far we are towards Eradication of HBV Infection

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai Voiculescu
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
T Cell Receptors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Cell Receptors ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health problem with an important biological and a significant socio-economic impact all over the world. There is a high pressure to come up with a new and more efficient strategy against HBV infection, especially after the recent success of HCV treatment. Preventing HBV infection through vaccine is currently the most efficient way to decrease HBV-related cirrhosis and liver cancer incidence, as well as the best way to suppress the HBV reservoir. The vaccine is safe and efficient in 80-95% of cases. One of its most important roles is to reduce materno-fetal transmission, by giving the first dose of vaccine in the first 24 hours after birth. Transmission of HBV infection early in life is still frequent, especially in countries with high endemicity.Successful HBV clearance by the host is immune-mediated, with a complex combined innate and adaptive cellular and humoral immune response. Different factors, such as the quantity and the sequence of HBV epitope during processing by dendritic cells and presenting by different HLA molecules or the polymorphism of T cell receptors (TOL) are part of a complex network which influences the final response. A new potential therapeutic strategy is to restore T-cell antiviral function and to improve innate and adaptive immune response by immunotherapeutic manipulation.It appears that HBV eradication is far from being completed in the next decades, and a new strategy against HBV infection must be considered. Abbreviations: ALT: alanine aminotransferase; APC: antigen presenting cells; cccDNA: covalently closed circular DNA; HBIG: hepatitis B immunoglobulin; HbsAg: hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV: hepatitis B virus; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; CTL: cytotoxic T lymphocyte; IFN: interferon; NUC: nucleos(t)ide analogues; pg RNA: pre genomic RNA; TLR: toll-like receptors; TOL: T cell receptors.

Gianotti-Crosti syndrome associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in an adult: a case report

Kanzo ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 615-619
Author(s):  
Yuichi Honma ◽  
Masaru Harada ◽  
Masaaki Hiura ◽  
Ryoichi Narita ◽  
Shintaro Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
B Virus
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