scholarly journals A Hepatitis B Virus-Derived Peptide Can Inhibit Infection of Human Lung Cells with SARS-CoV-2 in a Type-1 Interferon-Dependent Manner

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1227
Author(s):  
Yu-Min Choi ◽  
Hyein Jeong ◽  
Uni Park ◽  
Nam-Hyuk Cho ◽  
Bum-Joon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Type 1 Interferon ◽  
Human Lung Cells ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

The current COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need to develop effective therapeutic strategies. We evaluated the in vitro antiviral effect against SARS-CoV-2 of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) hexamer peptide, Poly6, which is capable of eliciting an antiviral effect against human immunodeficiency virus -1 (HIV-1), as a novel HIV-1 integrase inhibitor, and a strong anticancer immune response in an IFN-I-dependent manner, as a novel potential adjuvant in anticancer immunotherapy. Here, we report that Poly6 exerts an anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect, with an estimated 50% inhibitory concentration of 2.617 µM, in the human bronchial epithelial cell line, Calu-3 but not in Vero-E6 cells, which are deficient in type 1 interferon (IFN-I) signaling. We proved via assays based on mRNA profiles, inhibitors, or blocking antibodies that Poly6 can exert an anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect in an IFN-I-dependent manner. We also found that Poly6 inhibits IL-6 production enhanced by SARS-CoV-2 in infected Calu-3 cells at both the transcription and the translation levels, mediated via IL-10 induction in an IFN-I-dependent manner. These results indicate the feasibility of Poly6 as an IFN-I-inducing COVID-19 drug with potent antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities.

scholarly journals A Hepatitis B Virus-Derived Peptide Exerts an Anticancer Effect via TNF/iNOS-producing Dendritic Cells in Tumor-Bearing Mouse Model

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
Soo-Bin Yang ◽  
Mi-Hyun Lee ◽  
Bo-Ram Kim ◽  
Yu-Min Choi ◽  
Bum-Joon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
B Virus

Recently, we reported a 6-mer hepatitis B virus (HBV)-derived peptide, Poly6, that exerts antiviral effects against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Here, we explored the immunotherapeutic potential of Poly6 via its administration into dendritic cells (DCs) in a mouse model. Our data revealed that Poly6 treatment led to enhanced production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-producing DCs (Tip-DCs) in a type 1 interferon (IFN-I)-dependent manner via the induction of mitochondrial stress. Poly6 treatment in mice implanted with MC38 cells, a murine colon adenocarcinoma line, led to attenuated tumor formation, primarily due to direct cell death induced by Tip-DC mediated nitric oxide (NO) production and indirect killing by Tip-DC mediated cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activation via CD40 activation. Moreover, Poly6 treatment demonstrated an enhanced anticancer effect with one of the checkpoint inhibitors, the anti PD-L1 antibody. In conclusion, our data reveal that Poly6 treatment elicits an antitumor immune response in mice, possibly through NO-mediated oncolytic activity via Tip-DC activation and Tip-DC mediated CTL activation. This suggests that Poly6 represents a potential adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy by enhancing the anticancer effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

The e antigen of the Hepatitis B virus enables evasion of Type 1 Interferon immune response

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. S702
Author(s):  
Z. Valaydon ◽  
G. Ebert ◽  
M. Pellegrini ◽  
P. Desmond ◽  
T. Sozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Type 1 Interferon ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals Inhibition of Reverse Transcriptase as A Clue for Curing RNA Viral Infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Plausible Mechanism ◽  
Hiv 1

Scientists provide evidence showing that delayed chain discontinuation is a plausible mechanism of action of Remdesivir. This mechanism was described previously in the context of reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis B virus

scholarly journals Evaluation of Hexadecyloxypropyl-9-R-[2-(Phosphonomethoxy)Propyl]- Adenine, CMX157, as a Potential Treatment for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Hepatitis B Virus Infections

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 3505-3509 ◽  
Author(s):  
George R. Painter ◽  
Merrick R. Almond ◽  
Lawrence C. Trost ◽  
Bernhard M. Lampert ◽  
Johan Neyts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Oral Availability ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT 9-R-[2-(Phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-adenine (tenofovir) is an acyclic nucleoside phosphonate with antiviral activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis B virus (HBV). Tenofovir is not orally bioavailable but becomes orally active against HIV-1 infection as the disoproxil ester (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate [Viread]). We have developed an alternative strategy for promoting the oral availability of nucleoside phosphonate analogs which involves esterification with a lipid to form a lysolecithin mimic. This mimic can utilize natural lysolecithin uptake pathways in the gut, resulting in high oral availability. Since the mimic is not subject to cleavage in the plasma by nonspecific esterases, it remains intact in the circulation and facilitates uptake by target cells. Significant drops in apparent antiviral 50% effective concentrations (EC50s) of up to 3 logs have been observed in comparison with non-lipid-conjugated parent compounds in target cells. We have applied this technology to tenofovir with the goal of increasing oral availability, decreasing the apparent EC50, and decreasing the potential for nephrotoxicity by reducing the exposure of the kidney to the free dianionic tenofovir. Here we report that, in vitro, the hexadecyloxypropyl ester of tenofovir, CMX157, is 267-fold more active than tenofovir against HIV-1 and 4.5-fold more active against HBV. CMX157 is orally available and has no apparent toxicity when given orally to rats for 7 days at doses of 10, 30, or 100 mg/kg/day. Consequently, CMX157 represents a second-generation tenofovir analog which may have an improved clinical profile.

scholarly journals Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Resistance Mutations in Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-HIV-Coinfected Patients Treated for HBV Chronic Infection Once Daily with 10 Milligrams of Adefovir Dipivoxil Combined with Lamivudine

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1586-1588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance Delaugerre ◽  
Anne-Geneviève Marcelin ◽  
Vincent Thibault ◽  
Gilles Peytavin ◽  
Tony Bombled ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Adefovir Dipivoxil ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) at a suboptimal concentration for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (10 mg once daily) can be used to treat hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in HIV-1-HBV-coinfected patients and does not, even in the case of uncontrolled HIV-1 replication, select for either ADV mutations at codons 65 and 70 or any other particular HIV-1 reverse transcriptase resistance profile.

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