scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology of Rotavirus Strains in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Children in Manhiça District, Southern Mozambique 2008–2019

Viruses ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Filomena Manjate ◽  
Eva D. João ◽  
Percina Chirinda ◽  
Marcelino Garrine ◽  
Delfino Vubil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Rotavirus Vaccine ◽  
Severe Diarrhoea ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
Asymptomatic Children ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Group A rotaviruses remain the leading cause of diarrhoea in children aged <5 years. Mozambique introduced rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix®) in September 2015. We report rotavirus genotypes circulating among symptomatic and asymptomatic children in Manhiça District, Mozambique, pre- and post-vaccine introduction. Stool was collected from enrolled children and screened for rotavirus by enzyme-immuno-sorbent assay. Positive specimens were genotyped for VP7 (G genotypes) and VP4 (P genotypes) by the conventional reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The combination G12P[8] was more frequently observed in pre-vaccine than in post-vaccine introduction, in moderate to severe diarrhoea (34%, 61/177 vs. 0, p < 0.0001) and controls (23%, 26/113 vs. 0, p = 0.0013) and mixed genotypes (36%, 24/67 vs. 7% 4/58, p = 0.0003) in less severe diarrhoea. We observed changes in post-vaccine compared to pre-vaccine introduction, where G3P[4] and G3P[8] were prevalent in moderate to severe diarrhoea (10%, 5/49 vs. 0, p = 0.0002; and 14%, 7/49 vs. 1%, 1/177, p < 0.0001; respectively), and in less severe diarrhoea (21%, 12/58 vs. 0, p = 0.003; and 24%, 14/58 vs. 0, p < 0.0001; respectively). Our surveillance demonstrated the circulation of similar genotypes contemporaneously among cases and controls, as well as switching from pre- to post-vaccine introduction. Continuous surveillance is needed to evaluate the dynamics of the changes in genotypes following vaccine introduction.

Detection and quantitation of group A rotaviruses by competitive and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction

2002 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd-Andreas Schwarz ◽  
Reinhard Bange ◽  
Thomas W Vahlenkamp ◽  
Reimar Johne ◽  
Hermann Müller
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Amplification of all 11 RNA segments of group A rotaviruses based on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 630-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiki Fujii ◽  
Takashi Shimoike ◽  
Hirotaka Takagi ◽  
Kosuke Murakami ◽  
Reiko Todaka-Takai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Polymerase chain reaction amplification and typing of rotavirus in environmental samples

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 371-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gajardo ◽  
R. M. Pintó ◽  
A. Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Group A ◽  
Reaction Amplification ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay is described that has been developed for the detection and serotyping of group A rotavirus in stool specimens and concentrated and non-concentrated sewage specimens.

scholarly journals Comparison of Three Rapid Commercial Canine Parvovirus Antigen Detection Tests with Electron Microscopy and Polymerase Chain Reaction

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Schmitz ◽  
Christina Coenen ◽  
König Matthias ◽  
Thiel Heinz-Jürgen ◽  
Reto Neiger
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chronic Diarrhea ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Group A ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Group B

Different antibody-based tests for rapid detection of Canine parvovirus antigens in feces are commercially available, allowing quick diagnosis in a clinical setting. However, the diagnostic accuracy of these tests compared with standard methods has not been evaluated so far. In the current study, 3 commercial tests were compared with immune-electron microscopy (IEM) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Dogs were divided into 3 groups: group A, samples from dogs with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea ( n = 50); group B, dogs with chronic diarrhea ( n = 10); and group C, dogs with no evidence of gastrointestinal disease ( n = 40). Specificity of all 3 commercial tests versus PCR and IEM was good to excellent (92.2–100%). Sensitivity, in contrast, was poor: 15.8–26.3% versus PCR and 50–60% versus IEM. In group A, 10 dogs were positive by IEM and 24 dogs were positive by PCR. Positive PCR results were also obtained from animals in control groups (group B, 1 dog; group C, 5 dogs). No dog in group B or C was positive by IEM. In conclusion, the rapid tests are useful to diagnose canine parvoviral enteritis, but they do not rule out parvovirus infection in an animal with typical clinical signs. In addition, a small percentage of healthy dogs and dogs with chronic diarrhea showed positive PCR results; this may be due to asymptomatic/persistent infection or intestinal passage of virus. The significance of this finding remains unclear.

scholarly journals Detection and Differentiation of Bovine Group A Rotavirus Serotypes using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Generated Probes to the VP7 Gene

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil V. Parwani ◽  
Blair I. Rosen ◽  
Jorge Flores ◽  
Malcolm A. McCrae ◽  
Mario Gorziglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Northern Blot Hybridization ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Bovine Rotavirus ◽  
Group A ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Vp7 Gene ◽  
Hybridization Assays

Dot and Northern blot hybridization assays were developed to detect and differentiate group A bovine rotavirus serotypes using radiolabeled serotype 6 (Nebraska calf diarrhea virus [NCDV] and United Kingdom [UK] strains) or serotype 10 (Cracker [Cr] strain) VP7 gene probes. Partial length VP7-specific cDNA encompassing areas of major sequence diversity were generated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using either cloned VP7 genes (NCDV and UK strains) or reverse transcribed mRNA (Cr strain) as templates. Radiolabeled probes prepared from the PCR-generated cDNA were tested at various stringency conditions to optimize the hybridization assays. At high stringency conditions (52 C, 50% formamide, 5 x standard saline citrate), the NCDV, UK, and Cr probes serotypically differentiated bovine rotavirus isolates in RNA samples prepared from cell culture-propagated viruses or in fecal specimens from infected gnotobiotic calves. The sensitivity and specificity of NCDV and Cr VP7 probes were characterized in dot blot hybridization assays, and the probes were estimated to detect at least 1 ng of viral RNA. The serotyping results obtained using VP7 probes were similar to those obtained using serologic assays. Further development of these assays may provide a useful means for the rapid detection and differentiation of bovine rotavirus serotypes in fecal samples from calves in the field.

A Universal Approach To Bacterial Molecular Epidemiology By Polymerase Chain Reaction Ribotyping

1995 ◽  
Vol 171 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Kostman ◽  
M. B. Alden ◽  
M. Mair ◽  
T. D. Edlind ◽  
J. J. LiPuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Universal Approach ◽  
Polymerase Chain
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