Dynamics of the Presence of Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus in Honey Bee Colonies with Colony Collapse Disorder

Abstract The recent alarming loss of honey bee colonies around the world is believed to be related to the presence of viruses. The aim of this study was to detect two major viral diseases, Apis mellifera Filamentous virus (AmFV) and Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) using Reverse Transcription - Polymerase Chain Reaction RT-PCR, in honey bees in Mexico. Adult and larvae honey bee samples were collected from asymptomatic colonies of six major beekeeping regions in the state of Chihuahua, Mexico. Both viruses were detected in both developmental stages of honey bees, IAPV at a higher prevalence (23.5%) as compared to AmFV, only in 0.9% of samples. However, this is the first report on AmFV infection in Mexican apiaries. Further studies are required to understand the AmFV and IAPV impact on colony loss in Mexico and to develop strategies for enhancing the control of viral diseases.

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Comparing Survival of Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus Infection among Stocks of U.S. Honey Bees

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12010060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Shilpi Bhatia ◽

Saman S. Baral ◽

Carlos Vega Melendez ◽

Esmaeil Amiri ◽

Olav Rueppell

Keyword(s):

Honey Bee ◽

Honey Bees ◽

Virus Infections ◽

Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus ◽

Immune Genes ◽

Starting Point ◽

Bee Health ◽

Honey Bee Health ◽

Survival Differences ◽

Paralysis Virus

Among numerous viruses that infect honey bees (Apis mellifera), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) can be linked to severe honey bee health problems. Breeding for virus resistance may improve honey bee health. To evaluate the potential for this approach, we compared the survival of IAPV infection among stocks from the U.S. We complemented the survival analysis with a survey of existing viruses in these stocks and assessing constitutive and induced expression of immune genes. Worker offspring from selected queens in a common apiary were inoculated with IAPV by topical applications after emergence to assess subsequent survival. Differences among stocks were small compared to variation within stocks, indicating the potential for improving honey bee survival of virus infections in all stocks. A positive relation between worker survival and virus load among stocks further suggested that honey bees may be able to adapt to better cope with viruses, while our molecular studies indicate that toll-6 may be related to survival differences among virus-infected worker bees. Together, these findings highlight the importance of viruses in queen breeding operations and provide a promising starting point for the quest to improve honey bee health by selectively breeding stock to be better able to survive virus infections.

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Short communication. The detection of Israeli Acute Paralysis virus (IAPV), fipronil and imidacloprid in professional apiaries are not related with massive honey bee colony loss in Spain

Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5424/sjar/2010083-1262 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 658 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

E. Garrido-Bailón ◽

R. Martín-Hernández ◽

J. Bernal ◽

J .L. Bernal ◽

A. Martínez-Salvador ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Honey Bee ◽

Short Communication ◽

Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus ◽

Bee Colony ◽

Colony Loss ◽

Honey Bee Colony ◽

Paralysis Virus

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Metagenomic analysis of bat guano samples revealed the presence of viruses potentially carried by insects, among others by Apis mellifera in Hungary

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica ◽

10.1556/004.2018.014 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 151-161

Author(s):

Brigitta Zana ◽

Gábor Kemenesi ◽

Péter Urbán ◽

Fanni Földes ◽

Tamás Görföl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Honey Bee ◽

Honey Bees ◽

Metagenomic Analysis ◽

First Time ◽

The Relationship ◽

Big Sioux River ◽

Bee Colonies ◽

Close Genetic Relationship ◽

Paralysis Virus ◽

Bat Guano

The predominance of dietary viruses in bat guano samples had been described recently, suggesting a new opportunity to survey the prevalence and to detect new viruses of arthropods or even plant-infecting viruses circulating locally in the ecosystem. Here we describe the diversity of viruses belonging to the order Picornavirales in Hungarian insectivorous bat guano samples. The metagenomic analysis conducted on our samples has revealed the significant predominance of aphid lethal paralysis virus (ALPV) and Big Sioux River virus (BSRV) in Hungary for the first time. Phylogenetic analysis was used to clarify the relationship to previously identified ALPV strains infecting honey bees, showing that our strain possesses a close genetic relationship with the strains that have already been described as pathogenic to honey bees. Furthermore, studies have previously confirmed the ability of these viruses to replicate in adult honey bees; however, no signs related to these viruses have been revealed yet. With the identification of two recently described possibly honey bee infecting viruses for the first time in Hungary, our results might have importance for the health conditions of Hungarian honey bee colonies in the future.

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Overt Infection with Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus (CBPV) in Two Honey Bee Colonies

Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.3390/vetsci7030142 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 142

Author(s):

Julia Dittes ◽

Marc O. Schäfer ◽

Heike Aupperle-Lellbach ◽

Christoph K. W. Mülling ◽

Ilka U. Emmerich

Keyword(s):

Honey Bee ◽

Rna Virus ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Queen Replacement ◽

Colony Loss ◽

Bee Colonies ◽

Varroa Control ◽

Paralysis Virus ◽

Nosema Infection ◽

Worker Bee

Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus (CBPV), a widespread honey bee RNA virus, causes massive worker bee losses, mostly in strong colonies. Two different syndromes, with paralysis, ataxia and flight incapacity on one hand and black hairless individuals with shortened abdomens on the other, can affect a colony simultaneously. This case report presents two Apis mellifera carnica colonies with symptoms of paralysis and hairless black syndrome in 2019. Via RT-PCR, a highly positive result for CBPV was detected in both samples. Further problems, such as a Nosema infection and Varroa infestation, were present in these colonies. Therapy methods were applied to colony 1 comprising queen replacement, shook swarm method and Varroa control, whereas colony 2 was asphyxiated after queen loss and colony weakening. After therapy, colony 1 was wintered without symptoms. Beekeeping and sanitary measures can save a CBPV-infected colony, while further complications result in total colony loss.

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A survey of deformed wing virus and acute bee paralysis virus in honey bee colonies from serbia using real-time RT-PCR

Acta veterinaria ◽

10.2478/acve-2014-0009 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 81-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Predrag Simeunović ◽

Jevrosima Stevanović ◽

Dejan Vidanović ◽

Jakov Nišavić ◽

Dejan Radović ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Honey Bee ◽

Sampling Location ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Deformed Wing Virus ◽

Bee Colonies ◽

Acute Bee Paralysis Virus ◽

Paralysis Virus ◽

Bee Viruses

Abstract In this study 55 honey bee colonies from different Serbian regions were monitored for the presence of Deformed Wing Virus (DWV) and Acute Bee Paralysis Virus (ABPV) using TaqMan-based real-time RT-PCR assay. The results revealed the presence of DWV in each sampling location, and ABPV in 10 out of 11 apiaries. High frequency of DWV (76.4%) and ABPV (61.8%) positive samples in asymptomatic colonies can be the consequence of inefficient and postponed Varroa treatment concerning the role of this mite in the transmission and activation of honey bee viruses. The real-time RTPCR technique described in this paper is proved to be the most reliable method for this kind of investigation.

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The Pathogen Profile of a Honey Bee Queen Does Not Reflect That of Her Workers

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11060382 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 382 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jessica L. Kevill ◽

Katie Lee ◽

Michael Goblirsch ◽

Erin McDermott ◽

David R. Tarpy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Honey Bee ◽

Horizontal Transmission ◽

Pathogen Transmission ◽

Black Queen Cell Virus ◽

Deformed Wing Virus ◽

Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus ◽

Queen Cell ◽

Honey Bee Queen ◽

Acute Bee Paralysis Virus ◽

Paralysis Virus

Throughout a honey bee queen’s lifetime, she is tended to by her worker daughters, who feed and groom her. Such interactions provide possible horizontal transmission routes for pathogens from the workers to the queen, and as such a queen’s pathogen profile may be representative of the workers within a colony. To explore this further, we investigated known honey bee pathogen co-occurrence, as well as pathogen transmission from workers to queens. Queens from 42 colonies were removed from their source hives and exchanged into a second, unrelated foster colony. Worker samples were taken from the source colony on the day of queen exchange and the queens were collected 24 days after introduction. All samples were screened for Nosema spp., Trypanosome spp., acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), Lake Sinai virus (LSV), and deformed wing virus master variants (DWV-A, B, and C) using RT-qPCR. The data show that LSV, Nosema, and DWV-B were the most abundant pathogens in colonies. All workers (n = 42) were LSV-positive, 88% were Nosema-positive, whilst pathogen loads were low (<1 × 106 genome equivalents per pooled worker sample). All queens (n = 39) were negative for both LSV and Nosema. We found no evidence of DWV transmission occurring from worker to queen when comparing queens to foster colonies, despite DWV being present in both queens and workers. Honey bee pathogen presence and diversity in queens cannot be revealed from screening workers, nor were pathogens successfully transmitted to the queen.

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Molecular detection and phylogenetic assessment of six honeybee viruses in Apis mellifera L. colonies in Bulgaria

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.5077 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e5077 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rositsa Shumkova ◽

Boyko Neov ◽

Daniela Sirakova ◽

Ani Georgieva ◽

Dimitar Gadjev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Honey Bee ◽

Severe Infection ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Sequencing Data ◽

Deformed Wing Virus ◽

Queen Cell ◽

Kashmir Bee Virus ◽

Bee Colonies ◽

Paralysis Virus ◽

Bee Viruses

Honey bee colonies suffer from various pathogens, including honey bee viruses. About 24 viruses have been reported so far. However, six of them are considered to cause severe infection which inflicts heavy losses on beekeeping. The aim of this study was to investigate incidence of six honey bee viruses: deformed wing virus (DWV), acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV), sacbrood virus (SBV), kashmir bee virus (KBV), and black queen cell virus (BQCV) by a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A total of 250 adult honey bee samples were obtained from 50 colonies from eight apiaries situated in three different parts of the country (South, North and West Bulgaria). The results showed the highest prevalence of DWV followed by SBV and ABPV, and one case of BQCV. A comparison with homology sequences available in GenBank was performed by phylogenetic analysis, and phylogenetic relationships were discussed in the context of newly described genotypes in the uninvestigated South Eastern region of Europe. In conclusion, the present study has been the first to provide sequencing data and phylogenetics analyses of some honey bee viruses in Bulgaria.

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