scholarly journals Orographic Effects of Geomorphology on Precipitation in a Pluvial Basin of the Eastern Tibetan Plateau

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Mei Yang ◽  
Wenjiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Eastern Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Orographic Effects ◽  
Annual Water Balance ◽  
Meteorological Observations ◽  
Flooding Risk ◽  
Annual Water ◽  
High Precipitation

The eastern Tibetan Plateau is subjected to strong spatial variations in precipitation, but the underlying reasons are still not well understood due to sparse in-situ meteorological observations. In this study, streamflow observations were adopted to investigate the orographic controls on precipitation in the Qingyijiang (QYJ) Basin of the eastern Tibetan Plateau. The method of multi-year annual water balance was used to estimate the basin-level precipitation using in-situ streamflow and flux-based evapotranspiration. In addition, elevation transect was designed to examine the possible links between precipitation and geomorphology. The results showed the severe under-estimation of regional precipitation by weather sites (~1150 mm yr−1) in the QYJ Basin, where the runoff depth was as high as ~1450 mm yr−1. The water balance revealed a much higher level of precipitation (~2000 mm yr−1) in the QYJ Basin, but precipitation in the two adjacent basins was contrastingly low (<1000 mm yr−1). The spatial pattern of precipitation was well consistent with the local horn-mouth geomorphology, with more precipitation occurring in the geomorphologically converging and elevating region. Furthermore, within the the QYJ Basin, annual precipitation was larger in the sub-basins (>2200 mm) on or near the bottom of the horn-mouth geomorphology than the others (<1800 mm). With these results, we concluded that the high precipitation level in the QYJ Basin could be attributed to the combined converging and lifting effects of geomorphology on the westward atmospheric vapor. Therefore, flooding risk should be carefully accounted for in the basins with similar geomorphology in the eastern Tibetan Plateau.

scholarly journals Seasonal and Annual Water Balance of Agricultural Land in Tokachi, Hokkaido, Japan

2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyoshi HIROTA ◽  
Yukiyoshi IWATA ◽  
Manabu NEMOTO ◽  
Takahiro HAMASAKI ◽  
Ryoji SAMESHIMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Annual Water Balance ◽  
Annual Water

Effects of climate change and human interactions on water balance dynamics in the River Vistula basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Romanowicz ◽  
Emilia Karamuz ◽  
Jaroslaw Napiorkowski ◽  
Tesfaye Senbeta
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Annual Water Balance ◽  
Catchment Size ◽  
Dryness Index ◽  
Water Balance Models ◽  
Annual Water

&lt;div&gt; &lt;p&gt;Water balance modelling is often applied in studies of climate and human impacts on water resources. Annual water balance is usually derived based on precipitation, discharge and temperature observations under an assumption of negligible changes in annual water storage in a catchment. However, that assumption might be violated during very dry or very wet years. In this study we apply groundwater level measurements to improve water balance modelling in nine sub-catchments of the River Vistula basin starting from the river sources downstream. Annual and inter-annual water balance is studied using a Budyko framework to assess actual evapotranspiration and total water supply. We apply the concept of effective precipitation to account for possible losses due to water interception by vegetation. Generalised Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation GLUE is used to account for parameter and structural model uncertainty, together with the application of eight Budyko-type equations. Seasonal water balance models show large errors for winter seasons while summer and annual water balance models follow the Budyko framework. The dryness index is much smaller in winter than in summer for all sub-catchments. The spatial variability of water balance modelling errors indicate an increasing uncertainty of model predictions with an increase in catchment size. The results show that the added information on storage changes in the catchments provided by groundwater level observations largely improves model accuracy. The results also indicate the need to model groundwater level variability depending on external factors such as precipitation and evapotranspiration and human interventions. The modelling tools developed will be used to assess future water balance in the River Vistula basin under different water management scenarios and climate variability.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/div&gt;

scholarly journals New constraints on the late Quaternary landscape evolution of the eastern Tibetan Plateau from 10Be and 26Al in-situ cosmogenic nuclides

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 244-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Yang ◽  
Cong-Qiang Liu ◽  
Jérôme Van der Woerd ◽  
Sheng Xu ◽  
Li-Feng Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Cosmogenic Nuclides ◽  
Eastern Tibetan Plateau

scholarly journals Long-term annual water balance analysis of the Lena River

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 84-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
S BEREZOVSKAYA ◽  
D YANG ◽  
L HINZMAN
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Lena River ◽  
Annual Water Balance ◽  
Balance Analysis ◽  
Annual Water

Annual water balance and seasonality of evapotranspiration in a Bornean tropical rainforest

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomo’omi Kumagai ◽  
Taku M. Saitoh ◽  
Yoshinobu Sato ◽  
Hiroshi Takahashi ◽  
Odair J. Manfroi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Annual Water Balance ◽  
Annual Water
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