scholarly journals Scenario Analysis of Initial Water-Rights Allocation to Improve Regional Water Productivities

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tienan Li ◽  
Xueting Zeng ◽  
Cong Chen ◽  
Xiangmin Kong ◽  
Junlong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Policy ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
Risk Attitudes ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Model Based

In this study, an initial water-rights allocation (IWRA) model is proposed for adjusting the traditional initial water-rights empowerment model based on previous water intake permits, with the aim of improving the productivity of water resources under population growth and economic development. A stochastic scenario with Laplace criterion mixed fuzzy programming (SSLF) is developed into an IWRA model to deal with multiple uncertainties and complexities, which includes dynamic water demand, changing water policy, adjusted tradable water rights, the precise risk attitude of policymakers, development of the economy, and their interactions. SSLF not only deals with fuzziness in probability distributions with high satisfaction degrees, but also reflects the risk attitudes of policymakers with the Laplace criterion, which can handle the probability of scenario occurrence under the supposition of no data available. The developed IWRA model with the SSLF method is applied to a practical case in an alpine region of China. The results of adjusted initial water rights, optimal water-right allocation, changed industrial structure, and system benefits under various scenarios associated with risk attitudes and water productivity improvement were obtained and analyzed. It was found that the current initial water-rights allocation scheme based on previous intake water permits is not efficient, and this can be modified by the IWRA model. Based on the strategies of drinking safety and ecological security, the main tradeoff between agricultural and industrial water rights can facilitate optimization of the current initial water-rights allocation. This can assist policymakers in producing an effective plan to promote water productivity and water resource management in a robust and reliable manner.

scholarly journals Analysis of Tradable Water Volumes of Industry in Water-Rich Areas of China: A Case Study of Changsha City

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 679
Author(s):  
Xiang-nan Chen ◽  
Feng-ping Wu ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Xia Xu
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Changsha City ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Water Volumes

Tradable water volumes is one of the basic elements of water-rights trading. In China, water-rights transactions mostly occur in water-deficient areas. However, the water-rich areas are also facing serious water-shortage problems. It is necessary to stimulate the water-rights trading power in abundant water areas to improve water-resource predicament. This paper studied the concept and calculation method of tradable water volumes of industry. First, based on the property rights theory, we analyzed the concept of tradable water volumes, and put forward the preliminary determination of water-rights trading subjects. Then, we defined the tradable water volumes of industry as the difference between the initial water-rights allocation and the water demand of industry. We used the proportion method to calculate the initial water-rights allocation of industry under different runoff frequencies, and grey model (1,1) to predict the water demand of industry. Finally, we applied the calculation method to Changsha city which is in a water-rich area of China. The calculation results contribute to water-resource management in Changsha city. This paper will provide a theoretical basis for researching the tradable water volumes, and promote the development of water-rights trading in China’s water-rich areas.

scholarly journals Roles of the Water Court and the State Engineer for water administration in Colorado

Water Policy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 837-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. McIntyre ◽  
David C. Mays
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
The Us ◽  
State Engineer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Water Administration ◽  
Civil Courts

Colorado manages water using an administrative structure that is unique among the United States following the doctrine of prior appropriation: Water rights are adjudicated not by the State Engineer, but by Water Courts – separate from and operating in parallel to the criminal and civil courts – established specifically for this purpose. Fundamental to this system is the notion that water rights are property, with consequent protections under the US Constitution, but with the significant constraint that changes in water rights must not injure other water rights, either more senior or more junior. Population growth and climate change will certainly trigger changes in water administration, to be guided by the recent Colorado Water Plan. To provide the foundation necessary to appreciate these changes, this paper reviews the history of Colorado water administration and summarizes the complementary roles of the Water Courts and the State Engineer. Understanding water administration in Colorado depends on a firm grasp on how these two branches of state government formulate and implement water policy.

Modelli economici di allocazione delle risorse idriche: l'analisi del mercato cileno dei water rights

2009 ◽  
pp. 37-68
Author(s):  
Chiara Redaelli
Keyword(s):  
Water Policy ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Water Markets ◽  
Efficient Allocation ◽  
Tradeable Permits ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
The Many ◽  
Jel Classifications

Market instruments have been often proposed with the aim of improving the efficient allocation of use rights over natural resources. This article analyzes the potential of market mechanisms in the field of water resources and focuses attention on the experience of Chile, one of the few cases in which water markets have been implemented on a wide scale. Evidence from the Chilean case is discussed in order to verify theoretical hypotheses and to outline the potential benefits but also the many drawbacks of these instruments.Key words: Water policy, water markets, tradeable permits.JEL classifications: Q25, Q58.Parole chiave: Risorse idriche, mercati ambientali, permessi trasferibili.

Principal operators' farm risk attitudes in hot and cold climates

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Zia Wahdat ◽  
Michael Gunderson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Risk Attitudes ◽  
Ordered Logit ◽  
Climate Classification ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hot Climate ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Government

PurposeThe study investigates whether there is an association between climate types and farm risk attitudes of principal operators.Design/methodology/approachThe study exploits temperature variation in the diverse climate types across the US and defines hot- and cold-climate states. Ordered logit and generalized ordered logit models are used to model principal operators' farm risk attitudes, which are measured on a Likert scale. The study uses two datasets. The first dataset is a 2017 survey of US large commercial producers (LCPs). The second dataset provides a Köppen-Geiger climate classification of the US at a spatial resolution of 5 arcmin for a 25-year period (1986–2010).FindingsThe study finds that principal operators in hot-climate states are 4–5% more likely to have a higher willingness to take farm risk compared to principal operators in cold-climate states.Research limitations/implicationsIt is likely that farm risk mitigation decisions differ between hot- and cold-climate states. For instance, the authors show that corn acres' enrollment in federal crop insurance and computers' usage for farm business are pursued more intensely in cold-climate states than in hot-climate states. A differentiation of farm risk attitude by hot- and cold-climate states may help agribusiness, the government and economists in their farm product offerings, farm risk management programs and agricultural finance models, respectively.Originality/valueBased on Köppen-Geiger climate classification, the study introduces hot- and cold-climate concepts to understand the relationship between climate types and principal operators' farm risk attitudes.

scholarly journals Hybrid elicitation and indirect Bayesian inference with quantile-parametrized likelihood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmytro Perepolkin ◽  
Benjamin Goodrich ◽  
Ullrika Sahlin
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Bayesian Model ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Expert Elicitation ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Dirichlet Prior

This paper extends the application of indirect Bayesian inference to probability distributions defined in terms of quantiles of the observable quantities. Quantile-parameterized distributions are characterized by high shape flexibility and interpretability of its parameters, and are therefore useful for elicitation on observables. To encode uncertainty in the quantiles elicited from experts, we propose a Bayesian model based on the metalog distribution and a version of the Dirichlet prior. The resulting “hybrid” expert elicitation protocol for characterizing uncertainty in parameters using questions about the observable quantities is discussed and contrasted to parametric and predictive elicitation.

Basin Initial Water Rights Allocation under Multiple Uncertainties: a Trade-off Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Zhang ◽  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
Fengping Wu ◽  
Qinghua Pang
Keyword(s):  
Water Rights ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Multiple Uncertainties

scholarly journals Agenda Setting in Water and IWRM: Discourse Analysis of Water Policy Debate in Pakistan

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arfan ◽  
Kamran Ansari ◽  
Asmat Ullah ◽  
Daniyal Hassan ◽  
Altaf Siyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
Developmental Needs ◽  
Global Agenda ◽  
The Impact

This article explores the water policy narrative in Pakistan, and identifies its historical trajectories and influences, as well as the impact of the global agenda setting of water for 2030. For this purpose, water sector reforms in Pakistan are examined as a case study. The National Water Policy (NWP) 2018 and Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM) reforms are critically evaluated and loopholes identified, in terms of both theoretical aspects and constraints in their practical implementation. The overall analysis reveals that the engineering narrative is dominant in policy circles and large-scale infrastructure construction is seen as an exceptional measure to overcome the current loss of storage potential due to sedimentation. On the other hand, the adoption of the Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) framework reflects the desire of state institutions to imbue water policy reform with international credibility. The IWRM framework has been adopted as isomorphic mimicry to appease international financing institutions and donors. PIM reform is thus far from delivering the desired results due to ideological battles among new (i.e., the Participatory Farmers Institution) and traditional bureaucratic irrigation institutions. As adopted, the global agenda setting of water, in the shape of IWRM, is a repackaging of existing activities, and prevents alternative thinking in the setting of water priorities according to developmental needs.

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