scholarly journals The Role of External Factors in the Variability of the Structure of the Zooplankton Community of Small Lakes (South-East Kazakhstan)

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 962
Author(s):  
Moldir Aubakirova ◽  
Еlena Krupa ◽  
Zhanara Mazhibayeva ◽  
Kuanysh Isbekov ◽  
Saule Assylbekova
Keyword(s):  
External Factors ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Small Lakes ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Shannon Diversity ◽  
East Kazakhstan ◽  
Small Water Bodies

The variability of hydrochemical parameters, the heterogeneity of the habitat, and a low level of anthropogenic impact, create the premises for conserving the high biodiversity of aquatic communities of small water bodies. The study of small water bodies contributes to understanding aquatic organisms’ adaptation to sharp fluctuations in external factors. Studies of biological communities’ response to fluctuations in external factors can be used for bioindication of the ecological state of small water bodies. In this regard, the purpose of the research is to study the structure of zooplankton of small lakes in South-East Kazakhstan in connection with various physicochemical parameters to understand the role of biological variables in assessing the ecological state of aquatic ecosystems. According to hydrochemical data in summer 2019, the nutrient content was relatively high in all studied lakes. A total of 74 species were recorded in phytoplankton. The phytoplankton abundance varied significantly, from 8.5 × 107 to 2.71667 × 109cells/m3, with a biomass from 0.4 to 15.81 g/m3. Shannon diversity index of phytoplankton in the lakes at high altitude varied from 1.33 to 2.39 and from 0.46 to 3.65 in the lakes at lower altitudes. The average weight of the cells of algae species varied from 0.2079 to 1.5076 × 10−6 mg in the lakes at lower altitudes, the average weight of the cells of algae species changed from 0.6682 to 1.2963 × 10−6 mg in the lakes at higher altitudes. Zooplankton was represented by 58 taxa. The total abundance of zooplankton varied from 0.05 to 169.00 thousand ind./m3 with biomass of 0.51-349.01 mg/m3. Shannon diversity of zooplankton in the lakes at lower altitude fluctuated from 0.42 to 2.32 and it was 0.66–1.77 in the lakes at higher altitudes. The average individual mass of specimens in zooplankton in mountain lakes ranged from 0.021 to 0.037 mg and varied from 0.002 to 0.007 mg in other lakes. The main factors in the development of the structure of zooplankton communities in small lakes were temperature, TDS, the content of nitrates, phosphates, and the composition and biomass of planktonic algae. The hydrochemical and biological data of the investigated lakes indicated their organic pollution. Our results once again confirmed the applicability of structural variables of zooplankton in assessing water quality.

The role of aquatic macrophytes in microhabitatual transformation of physical-chemical features of small water bodies

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 584 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Joniak ◽  
Natalia Kuczyńska-Kippen ◽  
Barbara Nagengast
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Small Water Bodies

scholarly journals Hydrologic aspects of drained peatland renaturalization

2016 ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Andriy Mykhnovych
Keyword(s):  
General Scheme ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Runoff Regime ◽  
Small Water Bodies

The peatland drainage is one of the main man-made factors of the landscape water circulation and peatland ecosystems degradation. To return former sustainable ecological state of peatland it is necessary to carry out the renaturalization. The essence of renaturalization is renewal of water regime with following renewal of the peatland ecosystem like it was before drainage. Change of water runoff regime is effective mechanism of the peatland renaturalization – so called active protection. To renaturalize the Zalyvky peatland in the Roztochia Natural Reserve it is necessary to keep high groundwater level that will cause renewal of peat forming, stop succession processes, growing up by untypical for peatland plant species, reduce the risk of peat burning. Based on the results of natural conditions and recent ecological state of the Zalyvky peatland analysis the general scheme of renaturalization and hydrologic regime renewal has been worked out. With this aim, the series of measures are realized. They allow increasing the groundwater levels due to coming of water from the river streams and channels, making the runoff slower and renewing small water bodies. Small water bodies like ponds play not only water regulating role but also key ecological role for many bird species, ecological education, and tourist-recreation attractive. It is expected that keeping of higher ground water levels will be assisted by the beavers population with their natural dams. Key words: renaturalization, drainage melioration, peatland, water runoff regulating.

scholarly journals Surface water monitoring in small water bodies: potential and limits of multi-sensor Landsat time series

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4349-4380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Ogilvie ◽  
Gilles Belaud ◽  
Sylvain Massuel ◽  
Mark Mulligan ◽  
Patrick Le Goulven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Water Monitoring ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Small Lakes ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Water Detection ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Small Water Bodies

Abstract. Hydrometric monitoring of small water bodies (1–10 ha) remains rare, due to their limited size and large numbers, preventing accurate assessments of their agricultural potential or their cumulative influence in watershed hydrology. Landsat imagery has shown its potential to support mapping of small water bodies, but the influence of their limited surface areas, vegetation growth, and rapid flood dynamics on long-term surface water monitoring remains unquantified. A semi-automated method is developed here to assess and optimize the potential of multi-sensor Landsat time series to monitor surface water extent and mean water availability in these small water bodies. Extensive hydrometric field data (1999–2014) for seven small reservoirs within the Merguellil catchment in central Tunisia and SPOT imagery are used to calibrate the method and explore its limits. The Modified Normalised Difference Water Index (MNDWI) is shown out of six commonly used water detection indices to provide high overall accuracy and threshold stability during high and low floods, leading to a mean surface area error below 15 %. Applied to 546 Landsat 5, 7, and 8 images over 1999–2014, the method reproduces surface water extent variations across small lakes with high skill (R2=0.9) and a mean root mean square error (RMSE) of 9300 m2. Comparison with published global water datasets reveals a mean RMSE of 21 800 m2 (+134 %) on the same lakes and highlights the value of a tailored MNDWI approach to improve hydrological monitoring in small lakes and reduce omission errors of flooded vegetation. The rise in relative errors due to the larger proportion and influence of mixed pixels restricts surface water monitoring below 3 ha with Landsat (Normalised RMSE = 27 %). Interferences from clouds and scan line corrector failure on ETM+ after 2003 also decrease the number of operational images by 51 %, reducing performance on lakes with rapid flood declines. Combining Landsat observations with 10 m pansharpened Sentinel-2 imagery further reduces RMSE to 5200 m2, displaying the increased opportunities for surface water monitoring in small water bodies after 2015.

scholarly journals Surface water monitoring in small water bodies: potential and limits of multi-sensor Landsat time series

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Ogilvie ◽  
Gilles Belaud ◽  
Sylvain Massuel ◽  
Mark Mulligan ◽  
Patrick Le Goulven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Water Monitoring ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Small Lakes ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Water Detection ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Small Water Bodies

Abstract. Hydrometric monitoring of small water bodies (1–10 ha) remains rare, due to their limited size and large numbers, preventing accurate assessments of their agricultural potential or their cumulative influence in watershed hydrology. Landsat imagery has shown its potential to support mapping of small water bodies but the influence of their limited surface areas, vegetation growth and rapid flood dynamics on long term surface water monitoring remains unquantified. A semi-automated method is developed here to assess and optimise the potential of multi-sensor Landsat time series to monitor surface water extent and mean water availability in these smallest water bodies. Extensive hydrometric field data (1999–2014) for 7 small reservoirs within the Merguellil catchment in Central Tunisia are used to calibrate the method and explore its limits. MNDWI is shown out of six commonly used water detection indices to provide high overall accuracy and threshold stability during high and low floods, leading to a mean surface area error below 15 %. Applied to 546 Landsat 5, 7 and 8 images over 1999–2014, the method reproduces surface water extent variations across small lakes with high skill (R2 = 0.9) and mean RMSE of 9 300 m2. Comparison with published global water data sets reveals a mean RMSE of 21 800 m2 (+134 %) on the same lakes and highlights the value of a tailored MNDWI approach to improve hydrological monitoring in small lakes and reduce omission errors of flooded vegetation. The rise in relative errors due to the larger proportion and influence of mixed pixels restricts surface water monitoring below 3 ha with Landsat (NRMSE = 27 %). Interferences from clouds & scan line corrector failure on ETM+ after 2003 also decrease the number of operational images by 51 %, reducing performance on lakes with rapid flood declines.

scholarly journals Phytocenotic structure and physico-chemical properties of a small water body in agricultural landscape

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Joanna Sender ◽  
Agnieszka Kułak
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Small Water Bodies

Small water bodies, until recently considered as wasteland, are an essential element of the so-called small water retention. Their main use can vary significantly, but they always play a positive role by increasing water resources and enhancing the natural values of the landscape. Moreover, by increasing bio- diversity thanks to plants forming habitats for many species of flora and fauna, small water bodies act as a biofilter, improving water quality. But these small reservoirs belong to the groups of waters that are most exposed to damage, especially within the catchment area. Because of the invaluable role of small farmland water bodies, a study was undertaken to investigate their phytocenotic structure. In addition, an attempt was made to assess the level of threats and to indicate their role in the development of habitat conditions. The investigated reservoir was created in 2007. Before that time, it functioned as a part of the Zemborzycki reservoir, as they were close to each other. Almost the entire surrounding of this small reservoir consisted of farmland. In 2011 a revitalization project was carried out in the reservoir. Plants typical for wetland habitats were mainly introduced, while synanthropic vegetation was removed. Based on chemical and physical analyses, it can be concluded that the investigated reservoir serves as a natural biofilter thanks to the qualitative and quantitative changes in the structure of macrophytes. After the revitalization project, the investigated pond gained new aesthetic and ecological qualities.

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