Meteorology. Wind measurements

Wind turbine selection and optimal hub height positioning are crucial elements of wind power projects. However, in higher class wind speeds especially, over-exposure of wind turbines can lead to a reduction in power generation capacity. In this study, wind measurements from a met mast were validated according to specifications issued by IRENA and NREL. As a first step, it is shown that commercial WTGs from a database may be matched to the wind class and turbulence intensity. Secondly, a wind turbine selection algorithm, based on maximisation of capacity factor, was implemented across the range of WTGs. The selected WTGs were further exposed to an iterative algorithm using pointwise air density and wind shear coefficients. It is shown that a unique maximum capacity factor, and hence wind power generation, exists for a wind turbine, premised on its eventual over-exposure to the wind resource above a certain hub height.

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Analysis of offshore wind farm located on Baltic Sea

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201913701049 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 137 ◽

pp. 01049

Author(s):

Anna Sobotka ◽

Kajetan Chmielewski ◽

Marcin Rowicki ◽

Justyna Dudzińska ◽

Przemysław Janiak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Baltic Sea ◽

Wind Farm ◽

Wind Farms ◽

Offshore Wind ◽

The European Union ◽

European Union Policy ◽

Offshore Wind Farms ◽

Wind Speeds ◽

Wind Measurements ◽

The Baltic

Poland is currently at the beginning of the energy transformation. Nowadays, most of the electricity generated in Poland comes from coal combustion. However, in accordance to the European Union policy of reducing the emission of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, there are already plans to switch to low-emission energy sources in Poland, one of which are offshore wind farms. The article presents the current regulatory environment of the offshore wind energy in Poland, along with a reference to Polish and European decarbonisation plans. In the further part of the article, the methods of determining the kinetic energy of wind and the power curve of a wind turbine are discussed. Then, on the basis of historical data of wind speeds collected in the area of the Baltic Sea, calculations are carried out leading to obtain statistical distributions of power that could be generated by an exemplary wind farm with a power capacity of 400 MW, located at the place of wind measurements. On their basis, statistical differences in the wind power generation between years, months of the year and hours of the day are analysed.

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Wind Energy Meteorology: Insight into Wind Properties in the Turbine-Rotor Layer of the Atmosphere from High-Resolution Doppler Lidar

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society ◽

10.1175/bams-d-11-00057.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 94 (6) ◽

pp. 883-902 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Robert M. Banta ◽

Yelena L. Pichugina ◽

Neil D. Kelley ◽

R. Michael Hardesty ◽

W. Alan Brewer

Keyword(s):

Wind Energy ◽

Ground Level ◽

Turbine Rotor ◽

Energy Industry ◽

Doppler Lidar ◽

Near Surface ◽

Surface Measurements ◽

Wind Measurements ◽

Upper Level ◽

Insight Into

Addressing the need for high-quality wind information aloft in the layer occupied by turbine rotors (~30–150 m above ground level) is one of many significant challenges facing the wind energy industry. Without wind measurements at heights within the rotor sweep of the turbines, characteristics of the flow in this layer are unknown for wind energy and modeling purposes. Since flow in this layer is often decoupled from the surface, near-surface measurements are prone to errant extrapolation to these heights, and the behavior of the near-surface winds may not reflect that of the upper-level flow.

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