Salinity stress affects growth responses of Cenchrus ciliaris under CO2 enrichment

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Taou Saleh Ksiksi ◽  
N.-O. Alshaygi
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Cenchrus Ciliaris

Canopy development and hydraulic function in Eucalyptus tereticornis grown in drought in CO2-enriched atmospheres

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Atwell ◽  
Martin L. Henery ◽  
Gordon S. Rogers ◽  
Saman P. Seneweera ◽  
Marie Treadwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Eucalyptus Tereticornis ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Pipe Model

We report on the relationship between growth, partitioning of shoot biomass and hydraulic development of Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. grown in glasshouses for six months. Close coordination of stem vascular capacity and shoot architecture is vital for survival of eucalypts, especially as developing trees are increasingly subjected to spasmodic droughts and rising atmospheric CO2 levels. Trees were exposed to constant soil moisture deficits in 45 L pots (30–50% below field capacity), while atmospheric CO2 was raised to 700 μL CO2 L–1 in matched glasshouses using a hierarchical, multi-factorial design. Enrichment with CO2 stimulated shoot growth rates for 12–15 weeks in well-watered trees but after six months of CO2 enrichment, shoot biomasses were not significantly heavier (30% stimulation) in ambient conditions. By contrast, constant drought arrested shoot growth after 20 weeks under ambient conditions, whereas elevated CO2 sustained growth in drought and ultimately doubled the shoot biomass relative to ambient conditions. These growth responses were achieved through an enhancement of lateral branching up to 8-fold due to CO2 enrichment. In spite of larger transpiring canopies, CO2 enrichment also improved the daytime water status of leaves of droughted trees. Stem xylem development was highly regulated, with vessels per unit area and cross sectional area of xylem vessels in stems correlated inversely across all treatments. Furthermore, vessel numbers related to the numbers of leaves on lateral branches, broadly supporting predictions arising from Pipe Model Theory that the area of conducting tissue should correlate with leaf area. Diminished water use of trees in drought coincided with a population of narrower xylem vessels, constraining hydraulic capacity of stems. Commensurate with the positive effects of elevated CO2 on growth, development and leaf water relations of droughted trees, the capacity for long-distance water transport also increased.

Response of some tropical grasses to molybdenum application

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (94) ◽  
pp. 732 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Johansen
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽  
Total N ◽  
Tropical Grasses ◽  
Tropical Legumes ◽  
Setaria Sphacelata ◽  
Large Growth

The response to Mo application of Panicum maximum var. trichoglume cv. Gatton (panic), Cenchrus ciliaris cv. Biloela (buffel) and Setaria sphacelata cv. Nandi (setaria) was studied at three rates of NO3 supply in pots containing soil that was severely Mo deficient for tropical legumes. There were no growth responses of these grasses to Mo, except for a marginally significant effect in panic at the highest NO3 treatment at the first harvest. These results are compared with Mo responses of legume/grass mixtures in the field and published data showing large growth responses of some temperate grasses to Mo. Application of Mo had no effect on total N concentrations of grass tops but markedly decreased NO3-N concentrations in buffel. Setaria had a greater ability to take up Mo than the other grasses and this was associated with the lower NO3 levels in this species. Critical Mo concentrations for growth of all grasses were below 0.02 p.p.m.

Ozone phytotoxicity to Panicum maximum and Cenchrus ciliaris at Indo-Gangetic plains: an assessment of antioxidative defense and growth responses

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 853-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsetan Dolker ◽  
Arideep Mukherjee ◽  
Shashi Bhushan Agrawal ◽  
Madhoolika Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Antioxidative Defense ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽  
Gangetic Plains

Species-specific tree growth responses to 9 years of CO2 enrichment at the alpine treeline

2010 ◽  
pp. no-no ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa A. Dawes ◽  
Stephan Hättenschwiler ◽  
Peter Bebi ◽  
Frank Hagedorn ◽  
Ira Tanya Handa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Alpine Treeline ◽  
Species Specific

Growth Pattern, Carbon Dioxide Exchange and Dry Weight Distribution in Wheat Growing Under Differing Photosynthetic Environments

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Gifford
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Exchange ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Reciprocal Effect ◽  
Area Index

Wheat (cv. WW15) was grown as a crop stand in different CO2 concentrations (ambient, ambient plus 200 � 20 vpm CO2, ambient minus 150 � 20 vpm CO2) from germination to maturity in naturally lit growth cabinets under winter or summer light conditions, at 21°C by day and 16°C at night. Ambient CO2 concentration during the daylight hours averaged 280-300 vpm. CO2 level had little effect on phenology of the mainshoot; most of the growth response was through tillering. From data on flag leaves in the winter light experiment, there was no indication of any positive or negative feedback on growth acting through maximum leaf net photosynthesis rate. Leaf area index was increased by CO2 at low light and the related self-shading acted as a negative feedback partially countering the effect due to an enhanced rate of CO2 uptake per unit leaf area. Dark respiratory CO2 loss represented a greater proportion of CO2 uptake in the light for the CO2-depleted crop than for the control crop. But the reciprocal effect was not evident for the enriched crop. Contrary to classical ideas on growth responses to variation of colimiting factors, the growth response to CO2 enrichment was relatively greater under the low radiation than the high radiation regime. The grain was the tissue most flexible in its responsiveness to changes in assimilation under the conditions of the summer experiment. For this crop, for which the grain yield of the control was very high (0.97 kgm-2), response of yield to CO2 enrichment corresponded to 0.25% per vpm.

Soil development under elevated CO2 affects plant growth responses to CO2 enrichment

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant R. Edwards ◽  
Harry Clark ◽  
Paul C.D. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Soil Development ◽  
Growth Responses
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