STUDYING OF SOME CLINICAL, BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND TREATMENTS RESULTS OF CHOLERA PATIENTS IN BEN TRE PROVINCE IN 2010

2012 ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Thi My Nhon Cao ◽  
Thuy Kim Son Ho ◽  
Thi Kim Loan Le ◽  
Xuan Chuong Tran
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Failure Group ◽  
Level 3

Objectives: Cholera is an emergent infection due to Vibrio cholerae. Studying clinical and biochemical characteristics of cholera helps doctors in diagnosis, treatment, following up and prognosis. Aims: 1. To determine some clinical and biochemical characteristics of cholera patients in 2010 epidemics in Ben Tre province. 2. To evaluate the relation of leucocytosis to diarrheal duration. Materials and methods: Patients diagnosed as cholera treated in Nguyen Dinh Chieu Hospital and Cu Lao Minh Hospital, Ben Tre province, since May 2010 to September 2010. Results: 54 patients were enrolled in this study (males 16, females 38). All patients had Ogawa positive. More than 60% pts stayed in hospitals over 96 hours. Most of pts had diarrheal duration over 48 hours, 44.5% more than 72 hours. 20.3% pts had water loss in level 3. 50% pts had leucocytosis, in them 16.7% had over 15.109/L. 18,5% had acute renal failure. Group with leucocytosis had higher rate of diarrhoea over 72 hours than group without leucocytosis (77.7% vs. 36%). Conclusions: 1. Most of pts had long diarrheal duration. 20.3% pts had water loss in level 3. 50% pts had leucocytosis, in them 16.7% had over 15.109/L. 18,5% had acute renal failure. 2. Leucocytosis may be related to the diarrheal duration.

VIBRIO CHOLERAE 0139 DIARRHEA AND ACUTE RENAL FAILURE IN A THREE-DAY-OLD INFANT

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1105-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pagakrong Lumbiganon ◽  
Pope Kosalaraksa ◽  
Pensri Kowsuwan
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae

Risk Factors to Predict Renal Failure and Death in the Medical Intensive Care Unit

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie A. Ward ◽  
George N. Coritsidis ◽  
Christos P. Carvounis
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Medical Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Apache Ii ◽  
Apache Ii Score ◽  
Failure Group ◽  
Medical Intensive Care ◽  
Normal Albumin

The ability to predict outcomes based on admission criteria has important implications, both prognostically and for assessing interventions on comparable groups. Use of severity of disease scoring systems such as the APACHE II score for predicting mortality has become widespread. There is no comparable formula for acute renal failure. We prospectively evaluated 115 consecutive admissions to the medical intensive care unit to define risk for renal failure from admission data and to assess the impact of admission hypoalbuminemia levels on outcome. Diagnosis, age, serum creatinine and albumin levels, urinary electrolyte concentrations and osmolality, daily serum creatinine levels, and urine output were recorded. Admission APACHE II score was calculated. Admission hypoalbuminemia (57% of patients) was associated with both acute renal failure and death (odds ratios, 16.19 and 8.06, respectively). The Glasgow coma score distinguished between patients in whom acute renal failure developed and in those it did not. Low urine osmolality (<400 mOsm/kg) was the most significant factor in predicting mortality (odds ratio, 9.87). Mortality was lowest in the normal albumin group (2%), intermediate in the low albumin/no renal failure group (12%), and highest in the low albumin/acute renal failure group (53%). The APACHE II score was accurate in 3 of 14 deaths in the hypoalbuminemic population and in the one normal albumin patient who died. We conclude that at admission, hypoalbuminemia, urinary hypo-osmolality, and abnormal creatinine levels are predictive of acute renal failure and death, diagnosis, and mental status impact on the risk for acute renal failure. APACHE II lacks predictive value in hypoalbuminemic patients.

scholarly journals Imported cholera with acute renal failure after a short business-trip to the Philippines, Germany, October 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Günther Slesak ◽  
Ralf Fleck ◽  
Daniela Jacob ◽  
Roland Grunow ◽  
Johannes Schäfer
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Watery Diarrhoea ◽  
Severe Hypotension ◽  
Endemic Cholera ◽  
Business Trip

A German businessman developed acute watery diarrhoea after a three-day trip to the Philippines. He was admitted with severe hypotension and acute renal failure, but recovered with rapid rehydration. Vibrio cholerae O1 serotype Ogawa was isolated. Physicians need to be aware of endemic cholera in Asia including the Philippines and consider this in their pre-travel advice.

scholarly journals Cardiac arrhythmias during central venous catheter procedures in acute renal failure: a prospective study.

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1079-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Fiaccadori ◽  
G Gonzi ◽  
P Zambrelli ◽  
G Tortorella
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Failure Group

To define the frequency and risk factors of cardiac arrhythmias during central venous catheter procedures in acute renal failure, continuous electrocardiographic monitoring with permanent recording was performed before and during 201 guidewire insertions in 171 patients requiring a central venous catheter for parenteral nutrition and/or dialysis access (121 procedures in 107 patients with acute renal failure; 39 procedures in 31 patients with normal renal function; 41 procedures in 33 patients with ESRD on chronic hemodialysis). No differences in cardiac arrhythmia frequencies were found during baseline recording. New arrhythmias were documented in 85 cases (85/201; 42%) during the catheter procedure. Ventricular arrhythmia frequencies increased significantly in all groups, as compared with baseline values (P < 0.05 for the control group, P < 0.01 for the chronic hemodialysis group, P < 0.001 for the acute renal failure group); the most noteworthy increase was observed in the acute renal failure group. Statistically significant differences among frequencies of total ventricular arrhythmias, advanced ventricular arrhythmias, and ventricular tachycardia during central venous catheter procedures were found between the acute renal failure group and both the normal renal function group (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001), and the chronic hemodialysis group (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01). All arrhythmias resolved spontaneously soon after partial guidewire withdrawal; nine episodes were symptomatic (in one case, ventricular tachycardia, followed by 10 s asystolia); no death directly related to the catheter procedure was observed. BUN and serum creatinine levels, as well as guidewire length remaining inside the patient, were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in patients with cardiac arrhythmias during central venous catheter procedures as compared with patients without arrhythmias; differences in other variables known as possible risk factors for arrhythmias (anatomical position, preexistent cardiac disease, utilization of proarrhythmogenic drugs, hypoxemia, acid-base status, and serum electrolytes, etc.) were not significant. Our study suggests that (1) patients with acute renal failure are at increased risk for cardiac arrhythmias during central venous catheter procedures; (2) an important risk factor is also represented by guidewire overinsertion, a technical error that should be avoided.

Tubular Function in Glycerol Induced Acute Renal Failure in Rats: Effect of Saline Loading and Prior Acute Renal Failure

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 667-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Westenfelder ◽  
P. A. Crawford ◽  
R. K. Hamburger ◽  
R. L. Baranowski ◽  
N. A. Kurtzman
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Tubular Function ◽  
Failure Group ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Saline Loading ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

1. Chronic saline loading and prior induction of acute renal failure are manoeuvres which have been reported to protect against the development of acute renal failure. The underlying mechanisms are unclear. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of these protective manoeuvres on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and proximal and distal tubular function in the glycerol-induced model of acute renal failure. 2. Acute renal failure was induced (50% glycerol, 10 ml/kg body wt. intramuscularly) in three groups of rats: group 1, water drinking; group 2, saline loaded (1% NaCl as drinking fluid for 5 weeks); group 3, rechallenged 7–15 days after a first dose of glycerol, when blood urea nitrogen levels had returned to normal. Control animals in group 3 received only the first glycerol injection, then, like the controls in groups 1 and 2, they were given 0.9% NaCl solution (10 ml/kg body wt. intramuscularly). All animals were then studied 24 h after glycerol or saline injection. 3. Glycerol caused a significant fall in GFR in all three groups (78% group 1; 64% group 2; 59% group 3); blood urea nitrogen levels rose significantly. Saline-loaded animals with acute renal failure (group 2) exhibited glycosuria with normal blood-sugar levels and a striking depression in maximal tubular glucose reabsorption. The capacity to reabsorb HCO−3 was depressed both before and during HCO−3 loading. Distal acidification as assessed by the urine to blood gradient of Pco2 (U—B Pco2) was normal during HCO−3 loading (urine pH 7.8). The presence of hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis demonstrated that these animals developed proximal renal tubular acidosis. Glycerol-reinjected rats with acute renal failure (group 3) reabsorbed glucose and HCO−3 normally and exhibited normal distal tubule acidification. 4. We conclude from these data that a prior episode of acute renal failure protects proximal tubules against a second glycerol challenge, whereas chronic saline loading is without this protective effect. Both the underlying mechanism for this tubular cell resistance (against a second glycerol challenge) and the role of proximal tubular function in the pathogenesis of acute renal failure remain unclear.

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