Faculty Opinions recommendation of Blood brain barrier breakdown as the starting point of cerebral small vessel disease? - New insights from a rat model.

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Fisher ◽  
Rachita Sumbria
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Barrier Breakdown ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier Breakdown

scholarly journals Blood-brain barrier impairment and hypoperfusion are linked in cerebral small vessel disease

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (15) ◽  
pp. e1669-e1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sau May Wong ◽  
Jacobus F.A. Jansen ◽  
C. Eleana Zhang ◽  
Erik I. Hoff ◽  
Julie Staals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Dynamic Susceptibility ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Bbb Permeability

ObjectiveTo investigate the link between blood-brain-barrier (BBB) permeability and cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the relation with white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD).MethodsTwenty-seven patients with cSVD received dynamic susceptibility contrast and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI to determine CBF and BBB permeability (expressed as leakage rate and volume), respectively. Structural MRI were segmented into normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and WMH, for which a perilesional zone was defined. In these regions, we investigated the BBB permeability, CBF, and their relation using Pearson correlation r.ResultsWe found a decrease in CBF of 2.2 mL/min/100 g (p < 0.01) and an increase in leakage volume of 0.7% (p < 0.01) per mm closer to the WMH in the perilesional zones. Lower CBF values correlated with higher leakage measures in the NAWM and WMH (−0.53 < r < −0.40, p < 0.05). This relation was also observed in the perilesional zones, which became stronger in the proximity of WMH (p = 0.03).ConclusionBBB impairment and hypoperfusion appear in the WMH and NAWM, which increase in the proximity of the WMH, and are linked. Both BBB and CBF are regulated in the neurovascular unit (NVU) and the observed link might be due to the physiologic regulation mechanism of the NVU. This link may suggest an early overall deterioration of this unit.

scholarly journals Blood-brain barrier failure as a core mechanism in cerebral small vessel disease and dementia: evidence from a cohort study

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 634-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna M. Wardlaw ◽  
Stephen J. Makin ◽  
Maria C. Valdés Hernández ◽  
Paul A. Armitage ◽  
Anna K. Heye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Barrier Failure ◽  
Blood Brain

scholarly journals Sleep as a Novel Biomarker and a Promising Therapeutic Target for Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: A Review Focusing on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Blood-Brain Barrier

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oxana Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya ◽  
Dmitry Postnov ◽  
Thomas Penzel ◽  
Jürgen Kurths
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Blood Brain

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a leading cause of cognitive decline in elderly people and development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Blood–brain barrier (BBB) leakage is a key pathophysiological mechanism of amyloidal CSVD. Sleep plays a crucial role in keeping health of the central nervous system and in resistance to CSVD. The deficit of sleep contributes to accumulation of metabolites and toxins such as beta-amyloid in the brain and can lead to BBB disruption. Currently, sleep is considered as an important informative platform for diagnosis and therapy of AD. However, there are no effective methods for extracting of diagnostic information from sleep characteristics. In this review, we show strong evidence that slow wave activity (SWA) (0–0.5 Hz) during deep sleep reflects glymphatic pathology, the BBB leakage and memory deficit in AD. We also discuss that diagnostic and therapeutic targeting of SWA in AD might lead to be a novel era in effective therapy of AD. Moreover, we demonstrate that SWA can be pioneering non-invasive and bed–side technology for express diagnosis of the BBB permeability. Finally, we review the novel data about the methods of detection and enhancement of SWA that can be biomarker and a promising therapy of amyloidal CSVD and CSVD associated with the BBB disorders.

scholarly journals Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease (Arteriolosclerosis) in Brains of Older People

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1026-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie R. Bridges ◽  
Joycelyn Andoh ◽  
Andrew J. Lawrence ◽  
Cheryl H.L. Khoong ◽  
Wayne W. Poon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Blood Brain

scholarly journals Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability and Long-Term Clinical and Imaging Outcomes in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna M. Wardlaw ◽  
Fergus N. Doubal ◽  
Maria Valdes-Hernandez ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Francesca M. Chappell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Barrier Permeability ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier Permeability ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Brain Barrier Permeability

scholarly journals Blood–brain barrier leakage is more widespread in patients with cerebral small vessel disease

Neurology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 426-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Eleana Zhang ◽  
Sau May Wong ◽  
Harm J. van de Haar ◽  
Julie Staals ◽  
Jacobus F.A. Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Cerebral Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Leakage Rate ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Dce Mri ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Age And Sex

Objective:As blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction may occur in normal aging but may also play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), we used dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)–MRI to quantify the rate and the spatial extent of BBB leakage in patients with cSVD and age- and sex-matched controls to discern cSVD-related BBB leakage from aging-related leakage.Methods:We performed structural brain MRI and DCE-MRI in 80 patients with clinically overt cSVD and 40 age- and sex-matched controls. Using the Patlak pharmacokinetic model, we calculated the leakage rate. The mean leakage rate and relative leakage volume were calculated using noise-corrected histogram analysis. Leakage rate and leakage volume were compared between patients with cSVD and controls for the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM), white matter hyperintensities (WMH), cortical gray matter (CGM), and deep gray matter.Results:Multivariable linear regression analyses adjusting for age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors showed that the leakage volume of the NAWM, WMH, and CGM was significantly larger in patients with cSVD compared with controls. No significant difference was found for leakage rate in any of the tissue regions.Conclusion:We demonstrated a larger tissue volume with subtle BBB leakage in patients with cSVD than in controls. This was shown in the NAWM, WMH, and CGM, supporting the generalized nature of cSVD.

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