scholarly journals Faculty Opinions recommendation of Remdesivir (GS-5734) protects African green monkeys from Nipah virus challenge.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Horvat
Keyword(s):  
Nipah Virus ◽  
Virus Challenge ◽  
Green Monkeys

scholarly journals Remdesivir (GS-5734) protects African green monkeys from Nipah virus challenge

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (494) ◽  
pp. eaau9242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael K. Lo ◽  
Friederike Feldmann ◽  
Joy M. Gary ◽  
Robert Jordan ◽  
Roy Bannister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Nipah Virus ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Emerging Pathogen ◽  
Lethal Challenge ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Virus Challenge ◽  
Green Monkeys

Nipah virus is an emerging pathogen in the Paramyxoviridae family. Upon transmission of Nipah virus from its natural reservoir, Pteropus spp. fruit bats, to humans, it causes respiratory and neurological disease with a case-fatality rate about 70%. Human-to-human transmission has been observed during Nipah virus outbreaks in Bangladesh and India. A therapeutic treatment for Nipah virus disease is urgently needed. Here, we tested the efficacy of remdesivir (GS-5734), a broad-acting antiviral nucleotide prodrug, against Nipah virus Bangladesh genotype in African green monkeys. Animals were inoculated with a lethal dose of Nipah virus, and a once-daily intravenous remdesivir treatment was initiated 24 hours later and continued for 12 days. Mild respiratory signs were observed in two of four treated animals, whereas all control animals developed severe respiratory disease signs. In contrast to control animals, which all succumbed to the infection, all remsdesivir-treated animals survived the lethal challenge, indicating that remdesivir represents a promising antiviral treatment for Nipah virus infection.

scholarly journals A Hendra Virus G Glycoprotein Subunit Vaccine Protects African Green Monkeys from Nipah Virus Challenge

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (146) ◽  
pp. 146ra107-146ra107 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. N. Bossart ◽  
B. Rockx ◽  
F. Feldmann ◽  
D. Brining ◽  
D. Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subunit Vaccine ◽  
Nipah Virus ◽  
Hendra Virus ◽  
Virus Challenge ◽  
Green Monkeys

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Single-Dose Nucleoside-Modified Messenger RNA Vaccine Encoding Hendra Virus-Soluble Glycoprotein Against Lethal Nipah virus Challenge in Syrian Hamsters

2019 ◽  
Vol 221 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. S493-S498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael K Lo ◽  
Jessica R Spengler ◽  
Stephen R Welch ◽  
Jessica R Harmon ◽  
JoAnn D Coleman-McCray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Nipah Virus ◽  
Hendra Virus ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
Virus Challenge ◽  
Pathogenic Viruses ◽  
Rna Vaccine

Abstract In the absence of approved vaccines and therapeutics for use in humans, Nipah virus (NiV) continues to cause fatal outbreaks of encephalitis and respiratory disease in Bangladesh and India on a near-annual basis. We determined that a single dose of a lipid nanoparticle nucleoside-modified messenger RNA vaccine encoding the soluble Hendra virus glycoprotein protected up to 70% of Syrian hamsters from lethal NiV challenge, despite animals having suboptimally primed immune responses before challenge. These data provide a foundation from which to optimize future messenger RNA vaccination studies against NiV and other highly pathogenic viruses.

A Lethal Aerosol Exposure Model of Nipah Virus Strain Bangladesh in African Green Monkeys

2019 ◽  
Vol 221 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. S431-S435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek N Prasad ◽  
Krystle N Agans ◽  
Satheesh K Sivasubramani ◽  
Joan B Geisbert ◽  
Viktoriya Borisevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nipah Virus ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Exposure Model ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Aerosol Model ◽  
Aerosol Exposure ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Green Monkeys

Abstract The high case-fatality rates and potential for use as a biological weapon make Nipah virus (NiV) a significant public health concern. Previous studies assessing the pathogenic potential of NiV delivered by the aerosol route in African green monkeys (AGMs) used the Malaysia strain (NiVM), which has caused lower instances of respiratory illness and person-to-person transmission during human outbreaks than the Bangladesh strain (NiVB). Accordingly, we developed a small particle aerosol model of NiVB infection in AGMs. Consistent with other mucosal AGM models of NiVB infection, we achieved uniform lethality and disease pathogenesis reflective of that observed in humans.

scholarly journals An Intranasal Exposure Model of Lethal Nipah Virus Infection in African Green Monkeys

2019 ◽  
Vol 221 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. S414-S418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan B Geisbert ◽  
Viktoriya Borisevich ◽  
Abhishek N Prasad ◽  
Krystle N Agans ◽  
Stephanie L Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Laryngeal Mask Airway ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Nipah Virus ◽  
Intratracheal Instillation ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Exposure Model ◽  
Intranasal Route ◽  
Green Monkeys

Abstract Due to the difficulty in conducting clinical trials for vaccines and treatments against Nipah virus (NiV), licensure will likely require animal models, most importantly non-human primates (NHPs). The NHP models of infection have primarily relied on intratracheal instillation or small particle aerosolization of NiV. However, neither of these routes adequately models natural mucosal exposure to NiV. To develop a more natural NHP model, we challenged African green monkeys with the Bangladesh strain of NiV by the intranasal route using the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) mucosal atomization device (MAD). LMA MAD exposure resulted in uniformly lethal disease that accurately reflected the human condition.

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