Chromosome Numbers and Ploidy Levels of Some Paniceae and Paspaleae Species (Poaceae, Panicoideae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 234-244
Author(s):  
Ana Isabel Honfi ◽  
Osvaldo Morrone† ◽  
Fernando Omar Zuloaga
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
First Time

Chromosome numbers and ploidy levels of 24 accessions of 17 species of tribe Panicoideae from Argentina, Cuba, and Brazil are given. Most of the studied species are endemics. The studied taxa are: Axonopus aureus P. Beauv., Dichanthelium aequivaginatum (Swallen) Zuloaga, D. stipiflorum (Renvoize) Zuloaga, D. surrectum (Chase ex Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga, Homolepis isocalycia (G. Mey.) Chase, Paspalum arenarium Schrad., P. blodgettii Chapm., P. capillifolium Nash, P. coryphaeum Trin., P. distortum Chase, P. durifolium Mez, P. lindenianum A. Rich., P. oligostachyum Salzm. ex Steud., P. pumilum Nees, P. scutatum Nees ex Trin., P. strigosum Döll ex Chase, and Plagiantha tenella Renvoize; of these, the chromosome numbers of D. aequivaginatum, D. stipiflorum, D. surrectum (n = 9), Homolepis isocalycia (n = 20), Paspalum capillifolium, P. distortum, P. lindenianum, P. oligostachyum, and P. strigosum (n = 10) are presented for the first time. A new diploid cytotype (n = 10) for Paspalum blodgettii was found.

scholarly journals Cytogeography of the Solidago rugosa Mill. Complex (Asteraceae: Astereae) in Eastern North America

Taxonomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-301
Author(s):  
John C. Semple ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Rachel E. Cook ◽  
Bambang Agus Suripto
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Appalachian Mountains ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Northern Portion ◽  
Allegheny Mountains ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
First Time

Chromosome numbers are reported here for the first time from 117 individuals of Solidago rugosa and S. fistulosa. Including 178 previously published reports for the two species plus S. latissimifolia, chromosome numbers have been determined from 295 individuals from 269 locations. Only diploids (2n = 18) were found throughout the range of S. fistulosa on the coastal plain in the eastern U.S.A. (44 counts). Diploids (2n = 18) were found in the northern portion of the range of S. latissimifolia, and tetraploids (2n = 36) and hexaploids (2n = 54) were found in the central and southern portions of the range (nine counts in total). Diploids (2n = 18) were found throughout the range of S. rugosa in much of eastern North America in four of the five varieties (northern var. rugosa, var. sphagnophila; southern var. aspera and var. celtidifolia). Tetraploids (2n = 36) were found in all four of these varieties and exclusively in var. cronquistiana in the southern high Appalachian Mountains. Hexaploids (2n = 54) were found in var. sphagnophila at scattered locations. One possible hexaploid in var. rugosa was found in the Allegheny Mountains. The diversity in ploidy levels was independent of the size of the range and the diversity of growing conditions among the three species of S. subsect. Venosae.

scholarly journals Chromosome numbers of invasive and potentially invasive species in the flora of the Republic of Altai. IV

Turczaninowia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Zykova ◽  
Tatyana V. An’kova ◽  
Maria N. Lomonosova
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Chromosome Counting ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Setaria Faberi ◽  
Common Distribution ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

Chromosome numbers (2n) in 10 invasive and potentially invasive plant species from the families Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Oxalidaceae, Poaceae and Solanaceae are reported on the samples collected in the Republic of Altai. To determine the ploidy levels, we used methods of direct chromosome counting and flow cytometry in some cases. Among them, chromosome complements were first examined in Russia for Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa (2n = 22). Psammophiliella muralis (2n = 34), Medicago sativa subsp. varia (2n ≈ 32; 2C = 4.8 pg) and Solanum nigrum (2n = 48) were first studied from Siberia. Malva verticillata (2n = 42), Oxalis dillenii (2n = 24), Lolium perenne (2n = 14) and Setaria faberi (2n = 36) were first studied from the Republic of Altai. Tetraploid cytotype and genome size of Picris hieracioides (2n = 4x = 20; 2C = 8.89 pg) were discovered for the first time. Common distribution and the history of floristic findings of these species in the Republic of Altai are given. Previously published data on chromosome numbers from Russia are cited.

scholarly journals Chromosome Numbers of Four Nigerian Species of Cola Schott. & Endlicher (Sterculiaceae).

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 42-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O. Adebola ◽  
J. A. Morakinyo
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Morphology ◽  
High Symmetry ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
First Time

Abstract This paper reports the results of chromosome countings in four wild Cola species (Cola lateritia, C. ballayi, C. verticillata and C. gigantea). Cytological investigation of these species gave a constant mitotic chromosome counts of 2n = 4x = 40 for the first time. The karyotypes were found to consist mostly of metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes. In addition to confirming the chromosome numbers and ploidy levels in these species, the results also reveals high symmetry and homogeneity of the karyotypes with those of the cultivated species (C. nitida and C. acuminata) already reported. The similarity in chromosome morphology between the cultivated and wild species indicate their common origin and suggests the possibility of using these wild species as bridges for gene transfer in Cola breeding programmes involving interspecific hybridization.

Chromosome and morphological studies in the Mimosa debilis complex (Mimosoideae, Leguminosae) from southern South America

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías Morales ◽  
Arturo F. Wulff ◽  
Renée H. Fortunato ◽  
Lidia Poggio
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Hybrid Swarms ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
First Time ◽  
Different Origin

Mimosa debilis Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. and M. nuda Benth. were grouped in specific and infraspecific complexes. Both taxa showed exomorphological similarities, with conflicts in their taxonomic circumscription and present different ploidy levels. The objective of the present contribution was to analyse chromosome numbers of different populations and to evaluate morphological characters of specimens from Paraguay, Argentina and boundary regions. Chromosome numbers of M. debilis var. debilis (2n = 2x = 26 and 2n = 4x = 52) confirmed previous reports, whereas those of M. nuda var. glaberrima (2x = 26, 4x = 52), M. nuda var. gracilipes (2x = 26, 4x = 52) and M. nuda var. nuda (4x = 52) are presented for the first time. Variation was observed in habit, foliar and floral morphology and was correlated with the chromosome number and the geographical distribution of the taxa. Groups with stable morphological characters and restricted geographic distribution were identified. Also, the results showed a pattern of hybrid swarms and polyploids of different origin that may explain the existence of taxonomic conflicts in the M. debilis–M. nuda species complex. On the basis of these results, M. nuda should be included in the synonymy of M. debilis.

Cytogenetic studies in the genus Pentaschistis (Poaceae: Arundinoideae)

Bothalia ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Klopper ◽  
J. J. Spies
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Basic Chromosome ◽  
Cytogenetic Data ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies ◽  
First Time

Cytogenetic studies of 45 specimens, representing 16 taxa of the genus Pentaschistis (Nees) Spach confirmed two basic chromosome numbers (x = 7, 13) for the genus. Chromosome numbers for five species and one subspecies are described for the first time, i.e. P. aimides subsp.  jugorum (n = 2x = 14). P. colorata (n = 2x = 14). P densifolia (n = x = 7), P. linui (n = 6x = ± 42), P. rigidissima (n = x = 7, n = 3x = 21) and P viscidula (n = 3x = 21). Polyploidy occurs frequently and new ploidy levels are described m four of the species, namely P airoides (Nees) Stapf subsp. airoides (n = 3x = 21), P. cir- rhulosa (Thunb.) McClean (n = x = 7), P. eriostoma (Nees) Stapf (n = 3x = 39+0-4B) and P rupestris (n = 4x = 28) The majority of species form young polyploid complexes. There seems to be no correlation between cytogenetic data and mor­phological groupings within Pentaschistis.

scholarly journals In vitro responses in Passiflora species with different chromosome numbers, ploidy levels and nuclear 2C values: revisiting and providing new insights

2018 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiana Torres Leite ◽  
Darley Aparecido Tavares Ferreira ◽  
Ariane Tonetto Vieira ◽  
Milene Miranda Praça-Fontes ◽  
Adésio Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Ploidy Levels

scholarly journals Morphological, Anatomical and Cytological Studies of some Moss Species from Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-413
Author(s):  
Abolade Oluremi BOLAJI ◽  
Julius Olaoye FALUYI
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Anatomical Studies ◽  
First Time

Morphological, anatomical and chromosome studies of Hyophila crenulata C, Mull. Ex Dus, Thuidium gratum (P. Beauv) Jaeg., Barbula lambarenensis P. Vard.. Stereophyllum nitense Mitt. and Bryum coronatum Schwaegr from Nigeria, were carried out with a view to bridging some knowledge gaps that exist in their characterization and providing insightful information that could be useful in elucidating their taxonomic status. The morphological and anatomical studies revealed several gametophytic and sporophytic attributes which have not been previously reported and which were diagnostic for the moss species studied. The chromosome studies revealed the chromosome numbers to be Hyophila crenulata n = 4; Thuidium gratum n = 12 (10 + 2 m); Barbula lambarenensis n = 3; Stereophyllum nitense n = 9; and Bryum coronatum n = 10. The study concluded that the details of the morphological and anatomical descriptions as well as the chromosome numbers being reported for the first time in this study for the moss species studied could be very useful in their identification and taxonomic delimitation.

scholarly journals New Contribution to the Knowledge on the Chromosome Numbers of Turkish Cerambycidae (Coleoptera)

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Yavuz Koçak ◽  
Elmas Yağmur
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Chromosome Count ◽  
Chromosomal Number ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Karyological Data ◽  
First Time

Information on the karyotypes of Turkish species of Cerambycidae is scanty. Our study contributes to the knowledge of the karyological data (chromosomal number and mechanism of sex determination) of five Turkish longicorn beetles; karyotypes of four taxa, one endemic, are described for the first time and for the remaining one, Purpuricenus budensis (Götz, 1783), the previously published chromosome count is confirmed. The chromosome number of Purpuricenus desfontainii inhumeralis Pic, 1891 and Purpuricenus budensis (Götz, 1783) (Cerambycinae, Trachyderini) was found to be 2n = 28 (13 + Xyp); Clytus rhamni Germar, 1817 and Plagionotus floralis (Pallas, 1773) (Cerambycinae, Clytini) 2n = 20 (9 + Xyp); and the endemic Dorcadion triste phrygicum Peks, 1993 (Lamiinae, Dorcadionini) 2n = 24 (11 + Xyp). In view of the paucity of data available until now, our study is important for both to improve the poor karyological knowledge of Turkish Cerambycidae and to provide an incentive for other researchers.

scholarly journals Karyotype analysis and chromosome number for two Cirsium taxa (Asteraceae) in Iran

Turczaninowia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Zohreh Babaee ◽  
Maryam Norouzi ◽  
Samaneh Mosaferi ◽  
Maryam Keshavarzi
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome Type ◽  
Population Total ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Class B ◽  
Karyotype Analyses

Cirsium Mill. contains more than 250 species in the world mainly distributed in the Northern hemisphere. Different chromosome numbers with different ploidy levels were reported in this genus. In this study, karyotype details and chromosome numbers were established for two Cirsium taxa in Iran. C. ciliatum subsp. szovitsii and C. echinus had the mitotic chromosome numbers of 2n = 2x = 34. Karyotype analyses showed that chromosomes were generally metacentric and sub-metacentric. In C. echinus, Lowshan population had the longest chromosome (19.10 µm) and Heyran Canyon population (4.73 µm) the shortest one while in C. ciliatum, the longest chromosome was observed in Urmia to Salmas population (14.67 µm) and the shortest one (4.71 µm) in Doshanlu population. Total haploid chromosome length ranged from 275.29 to 376.42 µm in populations studied. Both taxa were grouped in 2B class. B-chromosomes were recorded for two taxa studied too. Chromosome type, mitotic chromosome numbers and occurrence of B-chromosomes were in agreement with previous results (Albers, Pröbsting, 1998; Lövkvist, Hultgård, 1999; Yüksel et al., 2013; Yildiz et al., 2016).

scholarly journals Karyotype Analysis of Alnus Mill. (Betulaceae) Species Originating From Northeastern Asia

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 219-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Jun ◽  
Ren Bao-Qing ◽  
Luo Peigao ◽  
Ren Zhenglong
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Northeastern Asia ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Genetic Makeup ◽  
Fossil Records

Abstract Alnus Mill. (alder) is an ecologically valuable tree genus. It is essential to study its genetic makeup in order to use alder trees to their full potential. Five specimens from four Alnus species (A. mandshurica, A. pendula, A. sibirica, and A. sieboldiana), found in northeastern Asia, were subjected to karyotype analysis. The analysis showed that these tree samples could be divided into three categories based on chromosome numbers or ploidy levels: viz., 2n = (4x) = 28, 2n = (8x) = 56 and 2n = (16x) = 112. The differences in chromosome number and karyotype parameters among Alnus species and even within the same species possibly resulted from natural polyploidization. Comparing the chromosome numbers of Alnus species in China with those in Japan showed that there appear to be only two categories in China, whereas there are up to five categories in Japan. The earliest fossil records of Alnus pollen were also discovered in Japan. We conclude that the center origin of Alnus spp. is Japan rather than China.

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