Chromosome and morphological studies in the Mimosa debilis complex (Mimosoideae, Leguminosae) from southern South America

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías Morales ◽  
Arturo F. Wulff ◽  
Renée H. Fortunato ◽  
Lidia Poggio
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Hybrid Swarms ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
First Time ◽  
Different Origin

Mimosa debilis Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. and M. nuda Benth. were grouped in specific and infraspecific complexes. Both taxa showed exomorphological similarities, with conflicts in their taxonomic circumscription and present different ploidy levels. The objective of the present contribution was to analyse chromosome numbers of different populations and to evaluate morphological characters of specimens from Paraguay, Argentina and boundary regions. Chromosome numbers of M. debilis var. debilis (2n = 2x = 26 and 2n = 4x = 52) confirmed previous reports, whereas those of M. nuda var. glaberrima (2x = 26, 4x = 52), M. nuda var. gracilipes (2x = 26, 4x = 52) and M. nuda var. nuda (4x = 52) are presented for the first time. Variation was observed in habit, foliar and floral morphology and was correlated with the chromosome number and the geographical distribution of the taxa. Groups with stable morphological characters and restricted geographic distribution were identified. Also, the results showed a pattern of hybrid swarms and polyploids of different origin that may explain the existence of taxonomic conflicts in the M. debilis–M. nuda species complex. On the basis of these results, M. nuda should be included in the synonymy of M. debilis.

MICROMORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF SEEDS IN SOME SPECIES OF LATHYRUS L. IN SOUTH CAUCASUS (AZERBAIJAN)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6(72) (1) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
G. F. Allahverdiyeva ◽  
A. M. Asgarov
Keyword(s):  
Side Surface ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
General Shape ◽  
Taxonomic Importance ◽  
The Status ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
First Time ◽  
Electronic Microscope

For the first time, micromorphology structure of seeds in 10 species (L. annuus, L. cicera, L. hirsutus, L. tuberosus, L. miniatus, L. pratensis, L. laxiflorus, L. aphaca, L. nissolia, L. sphaericus) belonging to sections (Lathyrus, Pratensis, Aphaca, Nissolia, Linearicarpus) of Lathyrus L. collected from various regions of Azerbaijan were analysed. Seed samples of 10 species were taken for analysis from different biotopes and different populations located away from one-another. Collected seed materials were gathered in special sterile paper bags and their moisture was dried with silicagel substance in laboratory conditions. During the research, morphological characters, as well as general shape, size and colour of seed, length and width of hilum were identified under Leica EZ4D stereomicroscope. The largest seeds have been measured in Lathyrus (L. cicera 4,4–5,0 mm) section and the smallest seeds in Nissolia (L. nissolia 1,8–2,3 mm) section. The longest hilum belongs to L. miniatus 1,8–2,8 mm and the smallest in L. Nissolia 0,4–0,7 mm. The width hilum was measured in L. annuus (0,7–1,0 mm) and the narrow hilum L. nissolia (0,1–0,3 mm). Mature seed (2–3) samples were selected from each type under the SEM, the seeds were placed on stools with double-sided adhesive tapes and covered with gold powder through the JEOL JFC1600 ion-spray device for 1 to 2 minutes. Seed samples were researched on the side surface. The photos of the surface of seeds were taken in a 3000× size in JEOL JSM6610 lv electronic microscope, and structural analysis of the different places of their surfaces was conducted. The results showed that the microscopic research of the surface of seed is of taxonomic importance and is used in specification of the status of sections. The morphological properties such as surface structure, hilum length and width, papillae features can be used to differentiate some sections and species, but seed size, general shape seed and hilum, seed colour are not characteristics can be used to differentiate some sections.

scholarly journals Cytogeography of the Solidago rugosa Mill. Complex (Asteraceae: Astereae) in Eastern North America

Taxonomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-301
Author(s):  
John C. Semple ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Rachel E. Cook ◽  
Bambang Agus Suripto
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Appalachian Mountains ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Northern Portion ◽  
Allegheny Mountains ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
First Time

Chromosome numbers are reported here for the first time from 117 individuals of Solidago rugosa and S. fistulosa. Including 178 previously published reports for the two species plus S. latissimifolia, chromosome numbers have been determined from 295 individuals from 269 locations. Only diploids (2n = 18) were found throughout the range of S. fistulosa on the coastal plain in the eastern U.S.A. (44 counts). Diploids (2n = 18) were found in the northern portion of the range of S. latissimifolia, and tetraploids (2n = 36) and hexaploids (2n = 54) were found in the central and southern portions of the range (nine counts in total). Diploids (2n = 18) were found throughout the range of S. rugosa in much of eastern North America in four of the five varieties (northern var. rugosa, var. sphagnophila; southern var. aspera and var. celtidifolia). Tetraploids (2n = 36) were found in all four of these varieties and exclusively in var. cronquistiana in the southern high Appalachian Mountains. Hexaploids (2n = 54) were found in var. sphagnophila at scattered locations. One possible hexaploid in var. rugosa was found in the Allegheny Mountains. The diversity in ploidy levels was independent of the size of the range and the diversity of growing conditions among the three species of S. subsect. Venosae.

Chromosome Numbers and Ploidy Levels of Some Paniceae and Paspaleae Species (Poaceae, Panicoideae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 234-244
Author(s):  
Ana Isabel Honfi ◽  
Osvaldo Morrone† ◽  
Fernando Omar Zuloaga
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
First Time

Chromosome numbers and ploidy levels of 24 accessions of 17 species of tribe Panicoideae from Argentina, Cuba, and Brazil are given. Most of the studied species are endemics. The studied taxa are: Axonopus aureus P. Beauv., Dichanthelium aequivaginatum (Swallen) Zuloaga, D. stipiflorum (Renvoize) Zuloaga, D. surrectum (Chase ex Zuloaga & Morrone) Zuloaga, Homolepis isocalycia (G. Mey.) Chase, Paspalum arenarium Schrad., P. blodgettii Chapm., P. capillifolium Nash, P. coryphaeum Trin., P. distortum Chase, P. durifolium Mez, P. lindenianum A. Rich., P. oligostachyum Salzm. ex Steud., P. pumilum Nees, P. scutatum Nees ex Trin., P. strigosum Döll ex Chase, and Plagiantha tenella Renvoize; of these, the chromosome numbers of D. aequivaginatum, D. stipiflorum, D. surrectum (n = 9), Homolepis isocalycia (n = 20), Paspalum capillifolium, P. distortum, P. lindenianum, P. oligostachyum, and P. strigosum (n = 10) are presented for the first time. A new diploid cytotype (n = 10) for Paspalum blodgettii was found.

A practical treatment of the Solidago gigantea complex

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1279-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary H. Morton
Keyword(s):  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Solidago Gigantea ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa

The Solidago gigantea complex is usually treated in floristic works as being composed of a single species with two infraspecific taxa: var. gigantea and var. serotina. Recent studies by Beaudry revealed that the complex is composed of individuals of three different chromosome numbers. He proposed that the individuals at each ploidy level be treated as belonging to separate species: S. gigantea, 2n = 18; S. serotina, 2n = 36; and S. shinnersii, 2n = 54. Chromosome counts reported in this paper of individuals of the S. gigantea complex from a wide geographic range verify the existence of the three different ploidy levels. Evaluation of the morphological characters of these vouchers, however, shows that plants with different chromosome numbers cannot be consistently separated using morphological characters. It is proposed, therefore, that the complex be treated as a single species without any infraspecific categories.

Dupontia (Poaceae) in North America

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 769-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
A K Brysting ◽  
S G Aiken ◽  
L P Lefkovitch ◽  
R L Boles
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Random Variability ◽  
Conditional Clustering

Challenged by work on the Panarctic Flora project and apparent discrepancies in recent taxonomic treatments, the genus Dupontia was studied from herbarium specimens, including types and chromosome vouchers, and by numerical taxonomy, mapping the distribution of morphological characteristics, consideration of chromosome numbers, and field work in the Canadian Arctic. Our results using these techniques show random variability in many characters and differences in plant size that appear to be partly habitat related. The treatment of the genus has varied from the recognition of one variable species to three or more distinct species. Morphological characters, used in the literature to divide the genus Dupontia into more than one taxon, cannot be reliably applied to distinguish most North American plants. Continuous morphological variation in combination with high and variable ploidy levels, effective vegetative growth, and rare sexual reproduction suggests the use of a broad species concept. Until further evidence is available, our results support treating the genus as monotypic.Key words: Poaceae, Dupontia, morphology, chromosome numbers, conditional clustering, contingency tables.

scholarly journals Chromosome numbers of invasive and potentially invasive species in the flora of the Republic of Altai. IV

Turczaninowia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Zykova ◽  
Tatyana V. An’kova ◽  
Maria N. Lomonosova
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Chromosome Counting ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Setaria Faberi ◽  
Common Distribution ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

Chromosome numbers (2n) in 10 invasive and potentially invasive plant species from the families Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Oxalidaceae, Poaceae and Solanaceae are reported on the samples collected in the Republic of Altai. To determine the ploidy levels, we used methods of direct chromosome counting and flow cytometry in some cases. Among them, chromosome complements were first examined in Russia for Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa (2n = 22). Psammophiliella muralis (2n = 34), Medicago sativa subsp. varia (2n ≈ 32; 2C = 4.8 pg) and Solanum nigrum (2n = 48) were first studied from Siberia. Malva verticillata (2n = 42), Oxalis dillenii (2n = 24), Lolium perenne (2n = 14) and Setaria faberi (2n = 36) were first studied from the Republic of Altai. Tetraploid cytotype and genome size of Picris hieracioides (2n = 4x = 20; 2C = 8.89 pg) were discovered for the first time. Common distribution and the history of floristic findings of these species in the Republic of Altai are given. Previously published data on chromosome numbers from Russia are cited.

scholarly journals Chromosome Numbers of Four Nigerian Species of Cola Schott. & Endlicher (Sterculiaceae).

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 42-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O. Adebola ◽  
J. A. Morakinyo
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Morphology ◽  
High Symmetry ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
First Time

Abstract This paper reports the results of chromosome countings in four wild Cola species (Cola lateritia, C. ballayi, C. verticillata and C. gigantea). Cytological investigation of these species gave a constant mitotic chromosome counts of 2n = 4x = 40 for the first time. The karyotypes were found to consist mostly of metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes. In addition to confirming the chromosome numbers and ploidy levels in these species, the results also reveals high symmetry and homogeneity of the karyotypes with those of the cultivated species (C. nitida and C. acuminata) already reported. The similarity in chromosome morphology between the cultivated and wild species indicate their common origin and suggests the possibility of using these wild species as bridges for gene transfer in Cola breeding programmes involving interspecific hybridization.

Cytogenetic studies in the genus Pentaschistis (Poaceae: Arundinoideae)

Bothalia ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Klopper ◽  
J. J. Spies
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Basic Chromosome ◽  
Cytogenetic Data ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies ◽  
First Time

Cytogenetic studies of 45 specimens, representing 16 taxa of the genus Pentaschistis (Nees) Spach confirmed two basic chromosome numbers (x = 7, 13) for the genus. Chromosome numbers for five species and one subspecies are described for the first time, i.e. P. aimides subsp.  jugorum (n = 2x = 14). P. colorata (n = 2x = 14). P densifolia (n = x = 7), P. linui (n = 6x = ± 42), P. rigidissima (n = x = 7, n = 3x = 21) and P viscidula (n = 3x = 21). Polyploidy occurs frequently and new ploidy levels are described m four of the species, namely P airoides (Nees) Stapf subsp. airoides (n = 3x = 21), P. cir- rhulosa (Thunb.) McClean (n = x = 7), P. eriostoma (Nees) Stapf (n = 3x = 39+0-4B) and P rupestris (n = 4x = 28) The majority of species form young polyploid complexes. There seems to be no correlation between cytogenetic data and mor­phological groupings within Pentaschistis.

A taxonomic revision of Silene nocturna species complex (Caryophyllaceae) in Italy

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
LORENZO PERUZZI ◽  
ANGELINO CARTA
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Narrow Endemic ◽  
First Time

The taxonomy of the closely related Silene capraria, S. neglecta and S. nocturna in Italy is investigated, by means of morphometric and karyological analyses. The chromosome numbers of S. capraria and S. neglecta (both diploid with 2n = 24) are here reported for the first time. On the basis of the morphological results, we propose the species rank for S. neglecta, and to consider S. capraria as a vicariant narrow endemic subspecies of the widespread S. nocturna. The name S. neglecta is lectotypified on a specimen preserved in the Herbarium Tenore at NAP. With the aim to distinguish these taxa, the useful qualitative and quantitative morphological characters are highligthed.

The genus Chenopodium in Canada

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 586-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Bassett ◽  
C. W. Crompton
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
First Time ◽  
Seed Testa

A key, descriptions of morphological characters (especially those of the seed testa and pericarp), chromosome numbers, and the distributions of 31 species of Chenopodium occurring in Canada are presented. Many names of the native taxa are typified and several nomenclatural problems are clarified. Chenopodium album L. var. missouriense (Aellen) I. J. Bassett et C. W. Crompton comb. nov. is reported here for the first time as occurring in Canada.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document