scholarly journals Induced pluripotent stem cells in periodontal regeneration - Narrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Yadalam Pradeep
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

ABSTRACT Purpose: Periodontal disease is a severe infection caused by inadequate oral hygiene, resulting in tooth loss due to the bone destruction that supports the teeth. “Induced pluripotent stem cells” (iPSCs or iPS cells) is a sort of pluripotent stem cell that can be acquired out of adult somatic cells like peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or skin fibroblasts through inducing genetic reprogramming genes (Klf4, Oct4, c-Myc, and Sox2). Materials and Methods: This narrative review shows periodontal regeneration and bone regeneration using iPSCs and also highlights the drawbacks and challenges towards the future using iPSCs. Results and Discussion: Recent studies have shown greater regeneration when combination of iPSCs and enamel matrix derivates (EMD™) inserted into treatment of periodontal and bone defects. Conclusions: IPSC is a good alternative cell source in periodontal regeneration.

scholarly journals Characterization of mitochondrial health from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to cerebral organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Duong ◽  
Alesya Evstratova ◽  
Adam Sivitilli ◽  
J. Javier Hernandez ◽  
Jessica Gosio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

AbstractMitochondrial health plays a crucial role in human brain development and diseases. However, the evaluation of mitochondrial health in the brain is not incorporated into clinical practice due to ethical and logistical concerns. As a result, the development of targeted mitochondrial therapeutics remains a significant challenge due to the lack of appropriate patient-derived brain tissues. To address these unmet needs, we developed cerebral organoids (COs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and monitored mitochondrial health from the primary, reprogrammed and differentiated stages. Our results show preserved mitochondrial genetics, function and treatment responses across PBMCs to iPSCs to COs, and measurable neuronal activity in the COs. We expect our approach will serve as a model for more widespread evaluation of mitochondrial health relevant to a wide range of human diseases using readily accessible patient peripheral (PBMCs) and stem-cell derived brain tissue samples.

scholarly journals Induction of Noonan syndrome-specific human-induced pluripotent stem cells under serum-, feeder-, and integration-free conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 888-895
Author(s):  
Atsuko Hamada ◽  
Eri Akagi ◽  
Fumitaka Obayashi ◽  
Sachiko Yamasaki ◽  
Koichi Koizumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Noonan Syndrome ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Cleidocranial Dysplasia ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

AbstractNoonan syndrome is an autosomal dominant developmental disorder. Although it is relatively common, and its phenotypical variability is well documented, its pathophysiology is not fully understood. Previously, with the aim of revealing the pathogenesis of genetic disorders, we reported the induction of cleidocranial dysplasia-specific human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from patient’s dental pulp cells (DPCs) under serum-free, feeder-free, and integration-free conditions. Notably, these cells showed potential for application to genetic disorder disease models. Furthermore, using similar procedures, we reported the induction of hiPSCs derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of healthy volunteers. These methods are beneficial, because they are carried out without invasive and painful biopsies. Using those procedures, we reprogrammed DPCs and PBMCs that were derived from a patient with Noonan syndrome (NS) to establish NS-specific hiPSCs (NS-DPC-hiPSCs and NS-PBMC-hiPSCs, respectively). The induction efficiency of NS-hiPSCs was higher than that of WT-hiPSCs. We hypothesize that this was caused by high NANOG expression. Here, we describe the experimental results and findings related to NS-hiPSCs. This is the first report on the establishment of NS-hiPSCs and their disease modeling.

scholarly journals Characterization of mitochondrial health from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to cerebral organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Duong ◽  
Alesya Evstratova ◽  
Adam Sivitilli ◽  
J. Javier Hernandez ◽  
Jessica Gosio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

ABSTRACTMitochondrial health plays a crucial role in human brain development and diseases. However, the evaluation of mitochondrial health in the brain is not incorporated into clinical practice due to ethical and logistical concerns. As a result, the development of targeted mitochondrial therapeutics remains a significant challenge due to the lack of appropriate patient-derived brain tissues. To address these unmet needs, we developed cerebral organoids (COs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and monitored mitochondrial health from the primary, reprogrammed and differentiated stages. Our results show preserved mitochondrial genetics, function and treatment responses across PBMCs to iPSCs to COs, and measurable neuronal activity in the COs. We expect our approach will serve as a model for more widespread evaluation of mitochondrial health relevant to a wide range of human diseases using readily accessible patient peripheral (PBMCs) and stem-cell derived brain tissue samples.

scholarly journals NK cells prevent the formation of teratomas derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma Benabdallah ◽  
Cynthia Désaulniers-Langevin ◽  
Chloé Colas ◽  
Yuanyi Li ◽  
Jean V. Guimont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Thymus Tissue ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

ABSTRACTThe safe utilization of induced pluripotent stem cell-derivatives in clinic is tributary to the complete elimination of the risk of forming teratomas after transplantation. The extent by which such a risk exists in immune competent hosts is mostly unknown. Here, using humanized mice reconstituted with fetal hematopoietic stem cells and autologous thymus tissue (Hu-BLT) or following the adoptive transfer of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (Hu-AT), we evaluated the capacity of immune cells to prevent or eliminate teratomas derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Our results showed that the injection of hiPSCs failed to form teratomas in Hu-AT mice reconstituted with allogeneic or autologous PBMCs or purified NK cells alone. However, teratomas were observed in Hu-AT mice reconstituted with autologous PBMCs depleted from NK cells. In line with these results, Hu-BLT which do not have functional NK cells could not prevent the growth of autologous teratomas. Finally, we found that established teratomas were not targeted by NK cells and instead were efficiently rejected by allogeneic but not autologous T cells in Hu-AT mice. Overall, our findings suggest that autologous hiPSC-derived therapies are unlikely to form teratomas in the presence of NK cells.

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