«МАНАС» ЭПОСУНДАГЫ КЫРГЫЗДАРДЫН МАМЛЕКЕТИ ЖӨНҮНДӨГҮ МААЛЫМАТТАР

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Дөөлөтбек Сапаралиев ◽  
Айпери Узакова
Keyword(s):  
State Standards

Илимий макаланын максаты, XX кылымдагы кыргыз элинин улуу манасчысы Сагынбай Орозбак уулунун айтуусундагы “Манас”эпосунда жолуккан маалыматтардын негизинде, кыргыз элинин орто кылымдар мезгилинен бери өз алдынча эгемен мамлекети болгондугун, анын атрибуттары менен символдору аркылуу: мамлекет башчысы - ханын тандап, дайындоо жөрөлгөсү, ага таажы кийгизип ордого (такка) отургузуу аземи сакталып; өкмөтү – мыйзам чыгаруу өнөкөтүн аткарып, бийлик эгедерлери аким, бек, баатыр, кеңешчилеринин (кырк чилтен) өлкөнү коргоо аракеттери; жетекчилердин өздүк мөөрлөрү жана мамлекеттик асаба, туулары жөнүндө баяндама берүү менен аталган эпикалык чыгарманын өзөгүн кыргыз элинин ыйык тилеги – өткөндө ураган мамлекетин кайрадан жаралтып, калыбына келтирип, сактоо экендигин ачыктап айкындоо. Целью статьи является, на основе сведений эпоса «Манас» по варианту Сагынбая Орозбакова, показать существование у кыргызов своего независимого средневекового государства со своими атри- бутами и символами. Они раскрываются на примере сохранившихся: традиций избрания и назначения хана, церемонии возведения на трон государя, осуществление правительством законотворчества, усилия властьимущих акимов, беков, батыров и советников по защите страны, наличие у них собственных печатей, а также государственных знамен иштандартов. Повествования обо всем этом наглядно показывают, что основным стержнем вышеупомянутого эпического произведения было возрождение, восстановление и сохранение разрушенного некогда средневекового государство кыргызов - являвшегося их сокровенной целью. Aim of the article is on basis of epic telling Manas of Sagynbai Orozbak uulu’s variant to show: existence independent medieval state of Kyrgyz people with its attributes and symbols, revealing tradition election and appointing of king, enthronization, government’s legislation, efforts of power holding rulers, heroes, advisers to protect the motherland, presence of stamps, flags, and state standards. Narrative of this clearly shows kernel of this epic telling was revival, reestablishment and preservation of destroyed medieval Kyrgyz state.

“State standards and IEP goals. A lot of TPT products.” What Early Childhood Educators Report Using to Plan Mathematics Instruction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey Peltier ◽  
Tiffany K Peltier ◽  
Taylor Werthen ◽  
Andy Heuer
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Special Education Teachers ◽  
Mathematics Instruction ◽  
State Standards ◽  
Early Childhood Educators ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Exceptional Children ◽  
What Works ◽  
What Works Clearinghouse

Access to high-quality resources is integral for educators to provide research-aligned mathematics instruction. Identifying the supplemental resources educators use to plan mathematics instruction can inform the ways researchers and organizations disseminate research-based practices. The goal of this study was to identify the frequency in which early childhood educators (i.e., pre-Kindergarten through third grade) reported using various resources to plan for mathematics instruction. Furthermore, we investigated whether differences were observed based on teacher factors (i.e., general or special education, route to certification, years of experience) and locale (i.e., rural, urban, suburban). We retained data from 917 teachers for data analysis. The three most frequently reported resources by educators were colleagues, Teachers Pay Teachers, and Google/Yahoo. The three least frequently reported resources were the typical outlets researchers use to reach teachers: What Works Clearinghouse, Teaching Exceptional Children, and Teaching Children Mathematics. General and special education teachers differed on their self-reported usage of five resources: colleagues, Google/Yahoo, teaching blogs, Teaching Exceptional Children, and the What Works Clearinghouse. Rural educators self-reported that they were less likely than suburban educators to use colleagues or specialists at the district to plan instruction. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.

Waste Disposal in the Sea off Southern California

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willard Bascom
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Southern California ◽  
State Standards ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Cool Water ◽  
Water Research ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Steady Improvement ◽  
Deep Cool

Southern California, with a coastal population of 12 million people, releases about 4.4 million cubic meters of treated waste water into the Pacific every day via outfalls that discharge three to six kilometers offshore at a depth of 60 meters. Diffusers cause each liter of waste to be diluted by 150 liters of deep cool water preventing it from reaching the surface except for short periods in winter. Data on the constituents of the four largest waste streams are presented and a brief account of the research done by the Southern California Coastal Water Research Project is given. Although the waste water now discharged meets rigorous state standards (with minor exceptions) and the steady improvement in sea conditions over a decade has been well documented, there is a continuing debate over whether our coastal waters are adequately protected. This is primarily because the damaging effects of DDT and PCBs that were discharged more than 14 years ago have been slow to go away. Although the amounts of DDT and PCB in sea animals are only one- tenth what they were a decade ago they tend to obscure the value of the improvements and the present discharge practices. The alternatives to sea disposal seem likely to cause greater damage to the overall environment.

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