CHANGE IN THE VITREUOSNESS GRAIN OF DURUM WHEAT IN THE BREEDING PROCESS IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

The vitreousness of grain is an important trait taken into account by the state standards of many countries when determining its quality class. When creating new cultivars, this trait is controlled at all stages of breeding. The article presents the results of studying the vitreousness of grain cultivars of Samara Research Institute of Agriculture, related to the 4 stages of breeding covering the periods - 1957-1990 (stage I), 2003-2004 (stage II), 2007-2008 (stage III), 2012-2018 (stage IV). The study was carried out on the experimental field of Samara Research Institute of Agriculture during 2012-2020. Experimental plots with an accounting area of 20.0 m2 were placed in randomized blocks. Vitreousness was determined by the percentage of vitreous grains on the endosperm section in refined grain samples taken in 3 field replicates. The evaluation of the data obtained was carried out on the basis of 2-factor, one-way dispersion and correlation analyzes, parameters of stability and responsiveness according to the methods of Kilchevsky, Khotyleva, Eberhart-Russell, Khangildin, Nettevich. The dispersion of grain vitreousness was determined by environmental conditions – 61.2%, genotype factors and genotype/environmental interactions – 9.3% and 19.0%, respectively. Progress in breeding relative to the first stage was observed at the 2nd and 4th stages and was absent at the 3rd stage. According to the absolute values of vitreousness (91.8-94.3%), 4 cultivars were distinguished - Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya, Bezenchukskaya krepost, Bezenchukskaya nivaand Bezenchukskaya 210, belonging to the 4th stage. Values close to these (89.2-89.6%) were noted in the varieties of the 2nd stage - Bezenchukskaya stepnaya and Pamyaty Chekhovicha. Successful breeding for the vitreousness of durum wheat grain is associated with an improvement in the parameters of the stability of the formation of a trait in a variety of environmental conditions. Reliable genotypic correlations of glassiness, grain yield and macaroni color show the effectiveness of simultaneous selection for these traits. The absence of significant correlations of grain vitreousness with vegetation parameters, and quality, suggests the possibility of obtaining the necessary recombinations in the selection process. Genotypic correlation coefficients show the possibility of breeding productive cultivars with a high vitreousness of grain and a varied combination of parameters of the growing season and grain quality. Cultivars of the 4th stage, Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya and Bezenchukskaya krepost, were proposed as a initial material in breeding for grain vitreousness

Indicators of full value feeding rations for dairy cows

This article presents the results of the level of feeding and the health status of dairy cows in a commercial dairy farm on the content of the main components in milk (fat, protein, urea). The aim of the research was to study the milk productivity and composition of milk of cows, to analyze the level of feeding and the content of basic nutrients in the diet of the farm. The farm breeds purebred Holstein cattle with a high genetic potential for productivity. The milking herd was formed in 2009 on the basis of 600 heads of Holstein-Friesian heifers imported from Hungary, as well as 65 heads of Holsteinized heifers of Ukrainian selection from Ukraine in 2015. Today the livestock numbers about 1,500 head of cattle, of which there are about 900 breeders. On the territory of the farm there are: 3 cowsheds for keeping cows, an insemination room, a milking parlor with a parallel installation of the Delaval company, in which 48 cows are milked for one milking, the ABK, where the manager's office, livestock technician, accounting is located, and a mini-hotel with dining room and lounges. Dairy bases are equipped with auto-drinkers, ventilation, plumbing, electric lighting, manure removal mechanisms, and a milking installation. The object of the research was Holstein cows in the amount of 483 heads of Aina Dairy Farm LLP. The studies were carried out according to generally accepted zootechnical methods using modern equipment for conducting analyzes and interstate and state standards. The research results showed that the milk productivity of cows averaged 19.5 kg per day, the fat content 4.3%, the protein 3.9%, the number of somatic cells 230.5 thousand units / ml, urea 45.3 mg / 100 ml respectively. Analyzing the level of urea in milk can suggest a high crude protein content in the diet. The ration of feeding dairy cows on the farm is concentrate-silage-haylage and there is an excess of dry matter by 16.2%, crude protein by 9.8%, starch by 29.4%, respectively.

Strategies for Teaching Math to Middle and High School Students With Special Needs

This chapter is designed to inform and educate 6th- through 12th-grade teachers on how to provide math activities for students with an identified learning disability as defined by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. The chapter provides an introduction to the topic, background information on teaching math at the secondary level, research-based instructional strategies that can be used for teaching math to students with identified special needs, and specific manipulatives that can be created and utilized to teach the Common Core State Standards in Mathematics to this population. Additional resources and readings are included as well.

Production technology and quality assessment of milk shakes for baby food with vitamin complex enrichment

Diversification of dairy products for baby food is a topical trend in the development of the dairy industry. In the process of producing an ultra-heat-treated (UHT) milkshake, milk with a mass fraction of fat 3.5 %, skim milk with a mass fraction of fat 0.5 %, fruit filling "Cherry" and a vitamin premix are used. The technological process of production includes the acceptance of raw materials, assessment of their quality in accordance with regulatory documents; heat treatment of raw milk; preparation of a normalized mixture; adding ingredients. The prepared mixture is sent for deaeration to a flow-through apparatus, then to a homogenizer, where it is subjected to ultra-pasteurization at a temperature of 136 ± 2 °C with a holding time of 4 ± 1 s. The final stage of cocktail production is packaging and intermediate storage. The resulting product was tested in the laboratory for organoleptic and physicochemical indicators. During the experiments, it has been found that the taste, smell, colour, appearance and consistency meet the requirements of state standards. The content of protein, fat, carbohydrates, calcium and titratable acidity are within acceptable values; the content of vitamins A, D, E, B is higher than the minimum values. The research results on safety indicators meet the requirements of technical regulations. Antibiotics, GMO-derived materials and preservatives are not found in the product. The energy value of the baby milk shake is 63.7 kcal (266.6 kJ/100 g of product).

Standardization documents as objects of patent rights research

The article deals with the issues of patent research of documents on standardization. The results of the analysis of the types of patent research established by state standards and specifications GOST R 15.011 in relation to the objects of standardization are presented. In the study of the provisions of GOST 1.5-2001, groups of standards were identified to which the provisions of GOST R 15.011 apply. In order to concretize the provisions of GOST R 15.011 in relation to documents on standardization, it is proposed to make appropriate changes to the specified standard.

DEVELOPING CHILD’S COMPETENCES: CONTINUITY OF PRESCHOOL AND PRIMARY EDUCATION

The report focuses on the problem of continuity between preschool and primary education in developing a child’s competences. Modern approaches to solving the outlined issue in research and educational practices are characterised. An analysis of the content of regulatory documents, particularly the state standards of preschool and primary education, is presented to identify common approaches, values, principles, and cross-cutting competences in children’s development. It was found that for development of a competent personality in preschool and primary school age is essential not only balanced content of regulations of the mentioned levels, but also awareness of teachers and parents of the child’s age peculiarities, joint approach in selecting methods, forms, and means of educational work. The results of the research of modern practice of preschool education institutions on ensuring continuity and establishing a partnership with the primary school are given. Educators solve the problem of continuity by getting acquainted with the content of the New Ukrainian School programmes, using modern pedagogical technologies, educational work among parents, and cooperation with primary school teachers. Several organizational and pedagogical conditions are outlined, under which the continuity between preschool and primary education will be practically ensured.

Washington view: Federal stimulus packages: Act II

As education leaders are making plans for how to use American Rescue Plan funds, Maria Ferguson considers what lessons they might learn from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act in 2009. Like the tranches of funding being provided to schools as COVID relief, the ARRA funds were meant to help schools grapple with a national crisis, in that case the Great Recession. To receive funds, states had to commit to certain reforms that aligned with President Barack Obama’s education agenda. However, the funds were not enough to enable state, district, and school leaders to accomplish the desired goals, and the political heat generated by the Common Core State Standards didn’t help. Today’s funds come with more flexibility than in the ARRA era, but, once again, money may not be enough to accomplish what’s needed.

ARTISTIC AND AESTHETIC OLDER PRESCHOOLERS’ DEVELOPMENT IN SUPPLEMENTARY EDUCATION

The one of the main tasks in modern education system is the development of child's personality. In the context of preschool education, the development of a child's personality is carried out during the organization of children's visual activities. It helps to develop preschoolers’ artistic education and becomes one of the most essential conditions for the implementation of state standards. Supplementary education in preschool institutions plays an important role in the artistic and aesthetic development. It gives an opportunity to identify and develop the children’s creative abilities.

Assessment of safety and risk of flooding of urban industrial territories: expert-analytical method

Изложены основные положения экспертно-аналитического метода оценки риска опасных процессов, который лег в основу разработки ряда методических рекомендаций и государственных стандартов. На базе этого метода предложена методика оценки безопасности и риска одного из опасных природно-техногенных процессов – подтопление градопромышленных территорий. Указаны основные факторы вредного воздействия этого процесса на объекты, находящиеся на таких территориях. Показано, как риски и ущербы от подтопления градопромышленных территорий могут оцениваться на основе общего методологического подхода к оценке рисков от опасных техноприродных процессов. В результате получены критерии безопасности и риска от подтопления и разработан механизм оценки риска от подтопления. Выявлены особенности выполнения оценок риска от подтопления градопромышленных территорий на федеральном, региональном и локальном уровнях. The main provisions of the expert-analytical method for assessing the risk of hazardous processes are stated; the method formed the basis for the development of a number of methodological recommendations and state standards. On the basis of this method, a technique is proposed for assessing the safety and risk of one of the dangerous natural-technogenic processes – flooding of urban industrial territories. The main factors of the harmful impact of this process on the structures located in such territories are indicated. It is shown how risks and damages from flooding of urban industrial territories can be estimated on the basis of the general methodological approach to assessing risks from hazardous techno-natural processes. As a result, criteria for safety and risk of flooding were obtained and a mechanism for assessing the risk of flooding was developed. The features of the assessment of the risk from flooding of urban industrial territories at the federal, regional and local levels are revealed.