scholarly journals The Effect Of Meniran Yogurt (Phylantus niruri L) On The Healing Level Of Patient

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Diana Lady Handoyo
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Recovery Rate

Meniran (Phylantus niruri L) is a plant that clinically has efficacy as an immunodulator (Immune System Enhancer) with the active compound Filantin. In this study, meniran extract was formulated into yogurt as a health drink with a concentration of 10 g/100 ml. The purpose of this study is to see the recovery rate of patients who experience symptoms of cough and cold who are hospitalized at the As'asdiyah Clinic. Based on the results of the study, it was found that there were differences in the rate of healing in patients with meniran yogurt which showed faster healing compared to patients without meniran yogurt. ABSTRAK   Meniran (Phylantus niruri L) merupakan tanaman yang secara klinis memiliki khasiat sebagai imunodulator (peningkat sistem imun) dengan senyawa aktif Filantin. Pada penelitian ini ekstrak meniran di formulasikan ke dalam yogurt sebagai minuman kesehatan dengan konsentrasi 10 gr/100 ml. Tujuan dari penelitian ini aialah untuk melihat tingkat kesembuhan pasien yang mengalami gejala batuk pilek yang dirawat inap di Klinik As’asdiyah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat terdapat perbedaan tingkat kesembuhan pada pasien dengan pemberian yogurt meniran yang tunjukkan dengan penyembuhan yang lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan pasien tanpa pemberian yogurt meniran.

scholarly journals Isolation and identification of Bengle (Zingiber cassumunar roxb) as a stimulant in phagocytic activity of macrophages

10.5219/1238 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 328-335
Author(s):  
Muhamad Fauzi Ramadhan ◽  
Nurkhasanah Mahfudh ◽  
Nanik Sulistyani
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Chloroform Fraction ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Zingiber Cassumunar

Immunomodulators are pharmacological agents that modify or regulate the immune system through stimulating the functioning of the immune system and, at the same time, inhibiting excessive immune responses. This study was conducted to determine the active compound in Z. cassumunar that is responsible for increasing the immune system based on the parameters of phagocytic activity. The isolation method began with fractionation, which involved extraction with ethanol and successive fractionation with hexane and chloroform. Z. cassumunar extract, hexane fraction, and chloroform fraction were tested on mice macrophage cells for their phagocytic functions. The phagocytic activity of macrophages was measured by active phagocytic cells (averagely 39.194 ±1.597, 27.923 ±2.941, and 62.090 ±6.947) and phagocytic index (in a row, averagely 47.513 ±2.844, 41.129 ±7.195, and 101.527 ±10.555). The results showed that the Z. cassumunar extract,  hexane fraction, and chloroform fraction exhibited more significant phagocytic activities of macrophages (p <0.05) compared with the normal group. Since the chloroform fraction showed the best result, this fraction was further separated by column chromatography. This procedure yielded five sub-fractions, namely F1, F2, F2C, F3, and F4. Based on the phagocytic activity testing, the results were as follows: (1) the active phagocytic cells of F1, F2, F2C, F3 and F4 were 18.860 ±3.191, 27.077 ±4.482, 15.749 ±3.026, 64.333 ±1.780, and 44.943 ±2.944, respectively, and (2) the phagocytic indices were 30.0249 ±3.4231, 44.5969 ±8.3646, 24.5597 ±5.4487, 102.7447 ±1.0806, and 76.5007 ±4.7293. Because F3 produced the best result, this subfraction was then identified using 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The identification results showed that F3 was (E)-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)but-3-en-1-ol as an active compound.

Learned Placebo Effects in the Immune System

2014 ◽  
Vol 222 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Vits ◽  
Manfred Schedlowski
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Associative Learning ◽  
Placebo Response ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drug ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Placebo Effects ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
Experimental Approaches

Associative learning processes are one of the major neuropsychological mechanisms steering the placebo response in different physiological systems and end organ functions. Learned placebo effects on immune functions are based on the bidirectional communication between the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral immune system. Based on this “hardware,” experimental evidence in animals and humans showed that humoral and cellular immune functions can be affected by behavioral conditioning processes. We will first highlight and summarize data documenting the variety of experimental approaches conditioning protocols employed, affecting different immunological functions by associative learning. Taking a well-established paradigm employing a conditioned taste aversion model in rats with the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A (CsA) as an unconditioned stimulus (US) as an example, we will then summarize the efferent and afferent communication pathways as well as central processes activated during a learned immunosuppression. In addition, the potential clinical relevance of learned placebo effects on the outcome of immune-related diseases has been demonstrated in a number of different clinical conditions in rodents. More importantly, the learned immunosuppression is not restricted to experimental animals but can be also induced in humans. These data so far show that (i) behavioral conditioned immunosuppression is not limited to a single event but can be reproduced over time, (ii) immunosuppression cannot be induced by mere expectation, (iii) psychological and biological variables can be identified as predictors for this learned immunosuppression. Together with experimental approaches employing a placebo-controlled dose reduction these data provide a basis for new therapeutic approaches to the treatment of diseases where a suppression of immune functions is required via modulation of nervous system-immune system communication by learned placebo effects.

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