Nowe stanowisko Lycopodiella inundata (Lycopodiaceae) w Kotlinie Biskupiego Boru (Wyżyna Śląska)

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Paweł Zduńczyk ◽  
Łukasz Piechnik
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Fish Ponds ◽  
Gravel Pits ◽  
Sand Pits

Lycopodiella inundata is a rare and protected pteridophyte species in Poland. It usually occurs in oligotrophic wetlands, mainly in transitional moors (Rhynchosporetum albae). Lycopodiella inundata has rarely been found at natural sites recently, probably due to unfavorable environmental changes, but appears more and more often at sites created by human activity, such as sand pits, gravel pits and the banks of fish ponds. In 2014 a new site of L. inundata was found in the eastern part of the Szczakowa sand pit (19°25′35″E, 50°15′18″N). In this area, L. inundata grows well and occurs abundantly in small conspecific patches, aggregations, or as solitary plants. The main threats to this site are expansion of forest and shrub vegetation, reed expansion, changes in groundwater level, and drainage of the area.

scholarly journals Quantifying Southern Pacific Rattlesnake (Crotalus oreganus helleri) Hunting Behavior through Community Science

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Emily R. Urquidi ◽  
Breanna J. Putman
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Ontogenetic Shift ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Hunting Behavior ◽  
Crotalus Oreganus ◽  
Community Science

It is increasingly important to study animal behaviors as these are the first responses organisms mount against environmental changes. Rattlesnakes, in particular, are threatened by habitat loss and human activity, and require costly tracking by researchers to quantify the behaviors of wild individuals. Here, we show how photo-vouchered observations submitted by community members can be used to study cryptic predators like rattlesnakes. We utilized two platforms, iNaturalist and HerpMapper, to study the hunting behaviors of wild Southern Pacific Rattlesnakes. From 220 observation photos, we quantified the direction of the hunting coil (i.e., “handedness”), microhabitat use, timing of observations, and age of the snake. With these data, we looked at whether snakes exhibited an ontogenetic shift in behaviors. We found no age differences in coil direction. However, there was a difference in the microhabitats used by juveniles and adults while hunting. We also found that juveniles were most commonly observed during the spring, while adults were more consistently observed throughout the year. Overall, our study shows the potential of using community science to study the behaviors of cryptic predators.

Environmental evolution and anthropogenic forcing in the Garigliano coastal plain (Italy) during the Holocene

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110032
Author(s):  
Halinka Di Lorenzo ◽  
Pietro Aucelli ◽  
Giuseppe Corrado ◽  
Mario De Iorio ◽  
Marcello Schiattarella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich

The Garigliano alluvial-coastal plain, at the Latium-Campania border (Italy), witnessed a long-lasting history of human-environment interactions, as demonstrated by the rich archaeological knowledge. With the aim of reconstructing the evolution of the landscape and its interaction with human activity during the last millennia, new pollen results from the coastal sector of the Garigliano Plain were compared with the available pollen data from other nearby sites. The use of pollen data from both the coastal and marine environment allowed integrating the local vegetation dynamics within a wider regional context spanning the last 8000 years. The new pollen data presented in this study derive from the analysis of a core, drilled in the coastal sector, which intercepted the lagoon-marshy environments that occurred in the plain as a response to the Holocene transgression and subsequent coastal progradation. Three radiocarbon ages indicate that the chronology of the analyzed core interval ranges from c. 7200 to c. 2000 cal yr BP. The whole data indicate that a dense forest cover characterized the landscape all along the Prehistoric period, when a few signs of human activity are recorded in the spectra, such as cereal crops, pasture activity and fires. The main environmental changes, forced by natural processes (coastal progradation) but probably enhanced by reclamation works, started from the Graeco-Roman period and led to the reduction of swampy areas that favoured the colonisation of the outer plain.

Hydrological change and human activity during Yuan–Ming Dynasties in the Loulan area, northwestern China

The Holocene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1266-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangkang Li ◽  
Xiaoguang Qin ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Zhaoyan Gu ◽  
Bing Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Lop Nur ◽  
Plant Remains ◽  
Ancient Silk Road ◽  
Climate Transition ◽  
Changes Over Time

Human activity on arid lands has been related to oases evolution. The ancient Loulan, an important transportation hub of the ancient Silk Road, developed on an ancient oasis on the west bank of the lake Lop Nur in Xinjiang, China. Previous studies and historical documents suggest that the region has experienced dramatic natural environmental and human activity–related changes over time, transitioning from a particularly prosperous oasis to a depopulated zone with harsh environment after about 1500 a BP (before present, where present = AD 1950). Based on systematic radiocarbon (14C) dating for natural plant remains and archeological sites in the Loulan area, it was revealed that the region re-experienced oasis environment from 1260 to 1450 cal. AD, corresponding to the Yuan–Ming Dynasties, which is the climate transition stage from the ‘Medieval Warm Period’ to the ‘Little Ice Age’, encompassing a series of pulse-like flood events which cannot be identified from lacustrine deposition due to the limits of sampling resolution and dating. It was found that humans re-occupied the Loulan area and built canals to irrigate farmlands during the period. The more habitable hydrological conditions that resulted from these environmental changes present one major reason for the re-emergence of human activities in the Loulan area.

scholarly journals New Archaeological, Paleoenvironmental, and 14C Data from the Šventoji Neolithic Sites, NW Lithuania

Radiocarbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 1017-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gytis Piličiauskas ◽  
Jonas Mažeika ◽  
Andrejus Gaidamavičius ◽  
Giedrė Vaikutienė ◽  
Albertas Bitinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Pollen Diagram ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Late Glacial And Holocene

Archaeological, geological, and paleoecological investigations supported by radiocarbon dating enabled us to present a reconstruction of chronologically based paleoenvironmental and human activity changes in the Šventoji region, NW Lithuania, during the period 4000–800 cal BC. In addition, we describe the main stages of the Late Glacial and Holocene periods in the area. The Baltic Ice Lake regression was succeeded by a terrestrial period until the Littorina Sea maximal transgression at 5700–5400 cal BC. A marine bay with brackish water was transformed into a freshwater lagoon before the oldest archaeological evidence of human presence, i.e. 4000/3700 cal BC. However, the presence of Cerealia type and Plantago lanceolata pollen dating back to about 4400–4300 cal BC suggests earlier farming activities in the area. Pollen analyses show the minor but continuous role of cereal cultivation after 3250 cal BC. Due to the predominance of the boggy landscape in the immediate vicinity of the Šventoji sites, agricultural fields were situated further away from the sites themselves. Exploitation of remote areas of the freshwater basin by diverse fishing gear was proven by the discovery of a new fishing site, Šventoji 41 (2900–2600 cal BC). This finding together with data of previous research suggest a complex and elaborate coastal economy involving seal hunting and year-round freshwater fishing during the 3rd millennium cal BC. A decline in human activity is seen in the pollen diagram after 1800 cal BC, which could be due to significant environmental changes, including overgrowth of the freshwater lagoon basin with vegetation.

scholarly journals Gliwice Radiocarbon Dates X

Radiocarbon ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieczysław F Pazdur ◽  
Romuald Awsiuk ◽  
Andrzej Bluszcz ◽  
Tomasz Goslar ◽  
Anna Pazdur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Temperate Zone ◽  
Reference Sites ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Geographic Regions

The following list contains all age measurements of paleoenvironmental samples made from 1978 to the end of 1982 for the IGCP 158 Project “Paleohydrological changes in the temperate zone in the last 15,000 years,” Subproject B “Lake and mire environments” (Berglund, 1979), initiated by Bjorn Berglund and Leszek Starkel in 1976. The aim of this project was to reconstruct environmental changes related to climate and human activity in the temperate zone of Asia, Europe, and North America. Broad environmental reconstructions will be based upon a network of reference sites representing the natural geographic regions, distinguished by their geology, climate, vegetation, and other natural factors, according to Berglund (1979). The subdivision of Poland into 29 paleoecological units according to Ralska-Jasiewiczowa (1982) is presented in table 1, and in figure 1 where reference sites dated by 14C in our lab are also indicated.

Born to be wild? Response of an urban exploiter to human-modified environment and fluctuating weather conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-322
Author(s):  
Geneviève Turgeon ◽  
Eric Vander Wal ◽  
Ariane Massé ◽  
Fanie Pelletier
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Artificial Food ◽  
Winter Severity

Human-driven environmental changes affect behavior, morphology, life history, and population dynamics of wild species. Artificial food sources in anthropogenic environments benefit some species and may lead to faster somatic growth and larger body size, which affects survival and reproduction, thus contributing to a species’ success in modified environments. Using raccoons (Procyon lotor (L., 1758)) as a model, we documented age-specific body-mass pattern and evaluated the influence of human activities (human density, area with artificial food sources, edges of forested area bordering corn (Zea mays L.) fields) and weather (index of winter severity and mean annual precipitation) on body-mass variation at multiple spatial scales. The effect of human-driven changes on raccoon mass varied with age, sex, and spatial scale, suggesting that anthropogenic changes affect raccoons differentially according to gender and life stages. Human activity had consistently opposing effects between the sexes. Weather covariates represented >50% of the total variance in body mass explained by our models. Previous winter severity and mean annual precipitation affected body mass negatively and positively, respectively. Our results emphasize the importance of multiscale, sex- and age-specific analyses when studying influences of human activity on wildlife.

Susceptibility of small boreal lakes to environmental changes as inferred from organic sediments of Lake Talvilampi (Finland)

The Holocene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-473
Author(s):  
Krystyna Milecka ◽  
Joanna Mirosław-Grabowska ◽  
Edyta Zawisza ◽  
Grzegorz Kowalewski
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Boreal Lakes ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
The Impact

During the Holocene, multiple thermal changes commonly occurred in the northern hemisphere. They are well-recorded in lakes with minimum human impact from the Arctic Circle area. The development of these lakes reflects ecological and climatic changes occurring from the formation of the lakes until present-day times. All environmental fluctuations affect biodiversity and are reflected in the number and composition of species. The goals of this study were to detect the ecological changes in a small Finnish lake using pollen, Cladocera and geochemical analyses. The research area is located within the northern zone of boreal coniferous forest and is the most sparsely populated region of Finland. The lake is located in Kuusamo uplands, E Finland, near the polar circle and over 20 km from the Russian border. Indicators of cold water were found only during the initial stage, after the 8.2 ka event and then the temperature was higher. Trophy was high at the beginning of the lake development and then a significant increase in trophy was found after 2600 BP. The impact of human activity is hardly traceable in Arctic Circle Finland throughout the Holocene Thermal Maximum. During the late-Holocene (after 4200 yr cal. BP), this impact is still weak and, even as late as the 20th century, only a few traces of human activity are recorded. General conclusion is that long-term climatic shift has been the most important factor driving changes in the limnology of Lake Talvilampi.

scholarly journals Records on Anthropogenic Environmental Changes in Small River Valleys in the Vicinity of Łowicz (Central Poland): Their Significance for the Reconstruction of Late Holocene Settlement Tendencies

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Jacek Forysiak ◽  
Milena Obremska ◽  
Juliusz Twardy
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Small River ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
Gradual Introduction ◽  
Organic Deposits ◽  
River Valleys

Abstract Based on palaeobotanical analyses of organic deposits, as well as geomorphological and geological studies at four sites in various geomorphological locations in relation to tributaries of the Bzura River, the presence of traces of human activity, its intensiveness, and classification to cultural levels were analysed. A pattern of later and later settlement in areas remote from the axis of the Warsaw-Berlin streamway was observed along with the gradual introduction of settlement from river valley bottoms to watershed zones.

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