Environmental evolution and anthropogenic forcing in the Garigliano coastal plain (Italy) during the Holocene

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362110032
Author(s):  
Halinka Di Lorenzo ◽  
Pietro Aucelli ◽  
Giuseppe Corrado ◽  
Mario De Iorio ◽  
Marcello Schiattarella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich

The Garigliano alluvial-coastal plain, at the Latium-Campania border (Italy), witnessed a long-lasting history of human-environment interactions, as demonstrated by the rich archaeological knowledge. With the aim of reconstructing the evolution of the landscape and its interaction with human activity during the last millennia, new pollen results from the coastal sector of the Garigliano Plain were compared with the available pollen data from other nearby sites. The use of pollen data from both the coastal and marine environment allowed integrating the local vegetation dynamics within a wider regional context spanning the last 8000 years. The new pollen data presented in this study derive from the analysis of a core, drilled in the coastal sector, which intercepted the lagoon-marshy environments that occurred in the plain as a response to the Holocene transgression and subsequent coastal progradation. Three radiocarbon ages indicate that the chronology of the analyzed core interval ranges from c. 7200 to c. 2000 cal yr BP. The whole data indicate that a dense forest cover characterized the landscape all along the Prehistoric period, when a few signs of human activity are recorded in the spectra, such as cereal crops, pasture activity and fires. The main environmental changes, forced by natural processes (coastal progradation) but probably enhanced by reclamation works, started from the Graeco-Roman period and led to the reduction of swampy areas that favoured the colonisation of the outer plain.

Holocene environmental changes and human activity at the Jijitan site in the Nihewan Basin, China

The Holocene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1151-1159
Author(s):  
Jingyao Lu ◽  
Qinghai Xu ◽  
Yao Liu ◽  
Ya’nan Hu ◽  
Manyue Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Northern China ◽  
High Northern Latitude ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Nihewan Basin

Knowledge of the relationship between human activities and environmental changes during the Holocene is important for understanding the survival and development of prehistoric humans. Using AMS 14C dating and pollen and charcoal analysis, we reconstructed the history of environmental changes and human activity during the Holocene at the Jijitan site in the Nihewan Basin. During 13,000–7500 cal. yr BP, the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) gradually intensified and precipitation increased, the vegetation changed from temperate grassland to wooded grassland and human activity remained at a low intensity. During 7500–5500 cal. yr BP, the EASM reached peak level, and the climate was warm and humid interval, and human activity intensified substantially. Within this interval, from 6600 to 6000 cal. yr BP, the forests were burned to increase the area of farmland. After 5500 cal. yr BP, the forest cover continued to gradually decrease due to the combined influences of the weakening EASM and increasing human activity. Comparison with regional climate records shows that the optimum period of forest development in northern China was approximately 8000–5000 cal. yr BP, indicating that the EASM reached a peak level in the mid-Holocene, which we suggest may have been due to the reduced influence of the high northern-latitude ice sheets and rising global sea level, rather than in the early Holocene.

Volcanic history of El Chichón Volcano (Chiapas, Mexico) during the Holocene, and its impact on human activity

2000 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Espíndola ◽  
J. L. Macías ◽  
R. I. Tilling ◽  
M. F. Sheridan
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Volcanic History ◽  
El Chichón Volcano ◽  
El Chichón ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chichón Volcano ◽  
El Chichon

scholarly journals Gold, timber, war and parks : A history of the Rushworth Forest in central Victoria

2010 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth E. Lawrence ◽  
Marc P. Bellette
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Resource Utilisation ◽  
World War ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Prisoner Of War ◽  
Central Victoria ◽  
History Of

The Rushworth Forest is a Box and Ironbark open sclerophyll forest in central Victoria that has been subject to a long history of gold mining activity and forest utilisation. This paper documents the major periods of land use history in the Rushworth Forest and comments on the environmental changes that have occurred as a result. During the 1850s to 1890s, the Forest was subject to extensive gold mining operations, timber resource use, and other forest product utilisation, which generated major changes to the forest soils, vegetation structure and species cover. From the 1890s to 1930s, concern for diminishing forest cover across central Victoria led to the creation of timber reserves, including the Rushworth State Forest. After the formation of a government forestry department in 1919, silvicultural practices were introduced which aimed at maximising the output of tall timber production above all else. During World War II, the management of the Forest was taken over by the Australian Army as Prisoner of War camps were established to harvest timber from the Forest for firewood production. Following the War, the focus of forestry in Victoria moved away from the Box and Ironbark forests, but low value resource utilisation continued in the Rushworth Forest from the 1940s to 1990s. In 2002, about one-third of the Forest was declared a National Park and the other two-thirds continued as a State Forest. Today, the characteristics of the biophysical environment reflect the multiple layers of past land uses that have occurred in the Rushworth Forest.

scholarly journals Stepwise Weakening of Aeolian Activities During the Holocene in the Gannan Region, Eastern Tibetan Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengli Yang ◽  
Xiaojing Liu ◽  
Ting Cheng ◽  
Yuanlong Luo ◽  
Qiong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Eastern Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Aeolian Desertification ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Aeolian Sediments ◽  
Aeolian Activity ◽  
History Of

Aeolian sediments hold key information on aeolian history and past environmental changes. Aeolian desertification and extensive land degradation have seriously affected the eco-environment in the Gannan region on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Understanding the history of aeolian activities can deepen our understanding of the impacts of climatic changes on aeolian activities in the future. This study uses a detailed chronology and multiple proxy analyses of a typical aeolian section in Maqu to reconstruct aeolian activities in the region during the Holocene. Our results showed that aeolian activities have occurred in the eastern Tibetan Plateau since the early Holocene. Magnetic susceptibility, grain size records, and paleosols formation indicated a trend of stepwise weakening in aeolian activities from the early Holocene to the present. The weakening of aeolian activities was divided into three stages: ∼10.0–8.0 ka BP, ∼8.0–4.0 ka BP, and ∼4.0 ka BP to the present. Paleosols were primarily formed after ∼8.0 ka BP, and episodically interrupted aeolian activities processes in the Gannan region. Aeolian activity may increase in the Gannan region as the climate gradually warms. Climatic changes and local hydrological conditions have jointly affected the history of aeolian activities in this region.

Penguin occupation in the Vestfold Hills

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Huang ◽  
Liguang Sun ◽  
Yuhong Wang ◽  
Renbin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Core ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
East Antarctica ◽  
Before Present ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vestfold Hills ◽  
Free Area ◽  
Ornithogenic Sediment

AbstractDuring CHINARE-22 (December 2005–March 2006), we investigated six penguin colonies in the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica, and collected several penguin ornithogenic sediment cores, samples of fresh guano and modern penguin bone and feather. We selected seven penguin bones and feathers and six sediments from the longest sediment core and performed AMS14C dating. The results indicate that penguins occupied the Vestfold Hills as early as 8500 calibrated years before present (cal. yrbp), following local deglaciation and the formation of the ice free area. This is the first report on the Holocene history of penguins in the Vestfold Hills. As in other areas of Antarctica, penguins occupied this area as soon as local ice retreated and the ice free area formed, and they are very sensitive to climatic and environmental changes. This work provides the foundation for understanding the history of penguins occupation in Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of vegetation in the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains, Gorgany region, in the late glacial (based on pollen data of peat-bog Pidluzhia)

2015 ◽  
pp. 333-340
Author(s):  
Natalia Chumak
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Younger Dryas ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Peat Bog ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Carpathian Mountains ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Short Period

The environmental changes on short-period stages of the Late Glacial were reconstructed based on pollen data of peat-bog Pidluzhia deposits and their radiocarbon dating. There are the Older and Younger Dryas, the Allerod (three phases) are allocated on palynological data in the Late Glacial. Vegetation had evolved from cold meadows to pine forest during this time. The transition from the Late Glacial to the Holocene was identified by the emergence of broad-leaved trees (elm, oak and linden), the spreading of spruce and disappearance of xerophytic elements. Key words: paleovegetation, paleoclimate, palinology, the Late Glacial, the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains.

Water and People at the Confluence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Abnee Gumbert
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Scientific Inquiry ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
History Of

Kentucky’s waterways carry a history of the landscape as well as life-sustaining water. Watersheds are any area of land draining water to a common water body, and the quality of the water body reflects human activity and natural processes. The Cane Run watershed is a polluted watershed in central Kentucky. A watershed-based plan was created by investigating the current status of the watershed and making plans to improve its conditions. Some progress has been made to improve the Cane Run watershed. Effective watershed-based plans require scientific inquiry as well as social considerations of the citizens in the watershed.

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