scholarly journals Study of uvological parameters of ‘Gurzufskiy Rozovyi’ grape variety cultivated in the eastern area of the South Coast zone of Crimea

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
Наталия Леонидовна Студенникова ◽  
Зинаида Викторовна Котоловець
Keyword(s):  
General Purpose ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Grape Variety ◽  
The South ◽  
Hybrid Form ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
Botanical Description ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Mechanical Elements

С целью сохранения в Республике Крым дефицитных перспективных сортов винограда, в статье представлено ботаническое описание взрослого листа, ягоды и грозди сорта Гурзуфский розовый. Приведены увологические показатели гроздей и ягод за 2018-2019 гг. при культивировании сорта в условиях восточного района Южнобережной зоны Крыма (филиал «Морское» ГУП РК «ПАО «Массандра»).Гурзуфский розовый - универсальный сорт винограда раннего срока созревания получен в результате скрещивания сорта Мускат ВИРа и гибридной формы Магарач 124-66-26. Отличается приятным гармоничным вкусом с сильным мускатным ароматом. Права на сорт принадлежат НВФ «Ампелос». За годы исследования грозди сорта Гурзуфский розовый содержат более 97 % ягод от всей массы грозди. Масса грозди в среднем достигает 251,15±5,7 г, масса 100 ягод - 253,7±1,45 г. Выход мякоти и сока составляет 78,39%. Показатель строения (35,9), ягодный показатель (38,4) и показатель сложения (6,5), который характеризует распределение в ягоде механических элементов - мякоти, сока и кожицы, указывают на то, что сорт Гурзуфский розовый относится к техническим сортам винограда. Содержание сахаров в соке ягод во второй декаде сентября достигает 25,0-28,0 г/100 см при кислотности 6,0-6,7 г/дм. Совокупность увологических показателей, содержания сахаров и титруемых кислот в соке ягод сорта Гурзуфский розовый дает основание рекомендовать использовать его в виноделии, то есть пополнить сортимент винограда для производства мускатных виноматериалов. The article gives a botanical description of the adult leaf, berry and bunch of the variety ‘Gurzufskiy Rozovyi’ in order to preserve the promising and losing grape varieties of the Republic of Crimea. We present the uvological parameters of bunches and berries of the variety, cultivated in the conditions of the eastern area of the South Coast zone of Crimea (branch "Morskoe" of FSUE "PJSC "Massandra") in 2018-2019. ‘Gurzufskiy Rozovyi’ is a general-purpose, early-maturing grape variety obtained in crossing combination of ‘Muscat VIRa’ and hybrid form ‘Magarach 124-66-26’. It has a pleasant harmonious flavor with a strong muscat aroma. All rights on the variety are reserved by RPE "Ampelos". In the years of research of ‘Gurzufskiy Rozovyi’ grape variety the content of berries valued more than 97 % of the total weight of the bunch. Average weight of the bunch was 251,15±5,7 g, the weight of 100 berries - 253,7±1,45 g. Pulp and juice yield was 78,39%. The parameter of structure (35,9), berry parameter (38,4) and the parameter of composition (6,5), responsible for the distribution of such mechanical elements as pulp, juice and skin in berry, show that the variety ‘Gurzufskiy Rozovyi’ belongs to wine varieties. The content of sugars in juice of berries in the second decade of September reaches 25,0-28,0 g/100 cm with an acidity 6,0-6,7 g/dm. The cumulative evidences of uvological indices, content of sugars and titratable acids in juice of berries of ‘Gurzufskiy Rozovyi’ grape variety give reason to recommend its use in winemaking in order to enrich the assortment of grapes for production of muscadine wine materials.

scholarly journals The effect of specific agrotechnology elements on production potential and prospects of the table grape variety ‘Viktoriya’

2021 ◽  
pp. 242-247
Author(s):  
Н.А. Урденко ◽  
М.Р. Бейбулатов ◽  
Н.А. Тихомирова ◽  
Р.А. Буйвал
Keyword(s):  
Table Grape ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Grape Variety ◽  
The South ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
Standard Product ◽  
Product Output ◽  
Selection Of

Подбор представленных в данной статье интенсивных элементов технологии и их применение привели к увеличению средних значений коэффициента плодоношения по длине лозы от 1,2% на кустах с односторонней кордонной формировкой на среднем штамбе и до 7,9% на кустах, сформированных по типу спиральный кордон. При этом значения коэффициента плодоношения у сорта Виктория в разрезе всех вариантов Опыта I превосходили значения коэффициента плодоношения у сорта-эталона Италия (Опыт II) на 20,2% в среднем по длине лозы. Применение агрохимикатов ГК «АгроМастер» не оказало существенного влияния на увеличение коэффициента плодоношения, ŋ=0,57%, доля взаимного влияния факторов составляет 1,43%. Увеличению урожайности на 21% и выходу стандартной продукции на 2,4% в среднем по вариантам опыта способствовало применение внекорневых агрохимикатов ГК «АгроМастер», доля влияния фактора, соответственно, по показателям равна: ŋ=85%, при Р=0,00102<Р=0,005 и ŋ=86,6%, при Р=0,00043<Р=0,005. Формировка куста оказала существенное влияние на улучшение качественных показателей, ŋ=80%, при значении Р=0,00049<Р=0,005. В результате исследования влияния формировки куста и примененной системы внекорневых обработок на агробиологические и хозяйственные показатели интродуцированного столового сорта винограда Виктория, установлена его высокая перспективность в условиях возделывания в восточном районе Южнобережной зоны Крыма. Для получения товарного винограда сорта Виктория, наравне со своевременной и правильной подвязкой сухих и зеленых побегов, чеканкой в зависимости от формировки куста, нормированием гроздями на интенсивных виноградниках, рекомендуется применять следующие элементы сортовой агротехники: спиральный кордон на высоком штамбе, односторонний горизонтальный кордон на среднем штамбе, нагрузка на куст - 14 глазков, короткая обрезка с применением системы внекорневых подкормок. Столовый сорт винограда Виктория оценен как перспективный для возделывания в условиях восточного района Южнобережной зоны Крыма. The selection of intensive elements of technology presented in this article and their application led to an increase in average values of the fruiting coefficient in the vine length from 1.2% on bushes with one-sided cordon training on a middle trunk and up to 7.9% on bushes trained according to spiral cordon type. In this respect, the fruiting coefficient values of the ‘Viktoriya’ grape variety in the context of all experimental variants exceeded the fruiting coefficient values of the ‘Italiya’ standard variety by 20.2% on average in the vine length. Using of agrochemicals produced by the GC AgroMaster did not have a significant effect on the increase in the fruiting coefficient, ŋ = 0.57%, the percentage of cross-impact is 1.43%. The cropping capacity increase by 21% and the standard product output by 2.4% on average in experimental variants was facilitated by the use of foliar agrochemicals of the GC AgroMaster, the percentage of cross-impact, respectively, in terms of indicators is equal to: ŋ=85%, with Р=0.00102<Р=0.005 and ŋ=86.6%, with P=0.00043<P=0.005. The bush training had a significant effect on the improvement of quality indicators, ŋ=80%, with P=0.00049<P=0.005. As a result of the study on the effect of the bush training and the applied system of foliar dressing on agro-biological and economic indicators of the introduced table grape variety ‘Viktoriya’, its high prospects in cultivation conditions of the Eastern area of the South Coast zone of Crimea was established. To obtain grapes of the ‘Viktoriya’ variety of commercial quality, along with well-timed and correct tying of dry and green shoots, topping in dependence with the bush training, bunch control in intensive vineyards, it is recommended to use the following elements of varietal agrotechnology: a spiral cordon on an upper trunk, a one-sided horizontal cordon on a middle trunk, bush loading of 14 eyes, short pruning using system of foliar dressing. The table grape variety ‘Viktoriya’ is assessed as promising for cultivation in the conditions of the Eastern area of the South Coast zone of Crimea.

scholarly journals Influence of abiotic and biotic factors on the development of sour rot of grape berries

2020 ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
Евгения Спиридоновна Галкина ◽  
Елена Александровна Болотянская ◽  
Владимир Владимирович Андреев ◽  
Сергей Юрьевич Белаш ◽  
Евгения Георгиевна Юрченко
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Grape Variety ◽  
The South ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Sour Rot ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors

В последние годы на виноградниках Южного берега Крыма участились случаи потери весомой доли урожая такого ценного технического сорта винограда, как Мускат белый из-за интенсивного поражения кислой гнилью гроздей в период их созревания. С целью определения факторов биотической и абиотической природы, способствующих развитию данного заболевания и поиска наиболее эффективных способов ее контроля, в 2016-2019 годах на участке сорта Мускат белый (филиал «Ливадия» ГУП РК «ПАО «Массандра», ЮБК) была выполнена серия полевых опытов. В результате проведенных исследований установлено, что основными факторами, способствующими развитию кислой гнили, являются температура воздуха, количество осадков, интенсивность поражения ягод оидиумом и повреждения их растительноядными трипсами, скорость сахаронакопления. За четыре года наблюдений в условиях Южного берега Крыма установлена сильная зависимость степени поражения ягод винограда сорта Мускат белый кислой гнилью от количества осадков за июль-сентябрь (r=0,7-0,8), степени развития оидиума (r=0,8-0,9) и повреждения кожицы ягод трипсами (r=0,6-0,7), а также от содержания сахара в соке ягод винограда (r=0,8-0,9). In recent years cases of loss of a significant share of the yield of such a valuable wine grape variety as ‘Muscat Blanc’ due to intense sour rot of bunches in the ripening period have become more frequent in vineyards of the South Coast of Crimea. In order to determine factors of biotic and abiotic nature contributing to the development of this disease, and for finding the most effective ways to control it, series of field experiments were carried out on the close of ‘Muscat Blanc’ grape variety in 2016-2019 (Livadiya branch of FSUE PJSC Massandra, South Coast of Crimea) . As a result of the studies, it was found that the main factors contributing to the development of sour rot are air temperature, depth of rainfall, the intensity of damage to berries by oidium and affection by phytivorous thrips, and the speed of sugar accumulation. For four years of observations in the conditions of the South Coast of Crimea, a strong dependence of the degree of affection of ‘Muscat Blanc’ grape variety with sour rot on the depth of rainfall in July - September (r = 0.7-0.8), the degree of development of oidium (r = 0.8- 0.9) and damage to the skin of berries by thrips (r = 0.6-0.7), as well as on the sugar content in the juice of grape berries (r = 0.8-0.9).

Study of a collection of tomato hybrids with genetic resistance to the yellow leaf curl virus in Southern Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
С.Ф. Гавриш ◽  
Т.А. Редичкина ◽  
А.В. Буц ◽  
Г.М. Артемьева
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Tomato Yellow Leaf ◽  
Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
The South ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Дана информация об изучении коллекции гибридов F1томата (Solanum lycopersicum L.) зарубежной селекции различных фирм-оригинаторов, рекомендованных производителями семян как толерантные к вирусу желтой курчавости листьев томата. Все гибриды обладали комплексом хозяйственно ценных признаков и набором генов устойчивости к основным заболеваниям томата, в том числе к новому для юга России опасному патогену с максимальным потенциальным риском – вирусу желтой курчавости листьев томата (Tomato yellow leaf curl virus — TYLCV). Исследования проведены в 2017-2018 годах в лаборатории пасленовых культур ООО «НИИСОК» и в лаборатории молекулярной диагностики растений ООО «Семеновод». Всего было протестировано 34 гибрида F1 томата. Гибриды оценивали по совокупности хозяйственно ценных признаков, также проводили молекулярно-генетический анализ на наличие и аллельное состояние основных генов устойчивости: к вирусу табачной мозаики (Tm2а), фузариозному увяданию (I2), вертициллезному увяданию (Ve), к кладоспориозу (Cf9), нематодам (Mi1.2), вирусу бронзовости томата (Sw5), вирусу желтой курчавости листьев томата (Ty3a). Установлено, что все проанализированные гибриды томата с заявленной оригинаторами семян устойчивостью к вирусу желтой курчавости листьев были гетерозиготны по гену Ty3a. На основании проведенных исследований и с учетом требований рынка разработаны модели гибридов F1 томата юга России. Перспективный гибрид томата должен обладать индетерминантным типом роста с укороченными междоузлиями (4,5-5 см) а также хорошей облиственностью. Плоды томата должны быть с красной равномерной окраской без зеленого пятна у плодоножки, с плоскоокруглой или округлой формой плода и со средней массой 220-270 г. Для повышения транспортабельности томатов необходимо, чтобы плоды отличались высокой прочностью и характеризовались хорошей лежкостью. Урожайность гибрида томата должна быть более 30 кг/м2, а товарность - не менее 85%. Гибрид томата должен обладать следующим набором генов устойчивости в гетерозиготном состоянии: Ty3a, Mi1.2, Cf-9, а также в гомозиготном состоянии: Tm2a, I2, Ve. The article provides information on the study of the collection of F1 tomato hybrids (Solanum lycopersicumL.) of foreign breeding from various firms-originators recommended for cultivation in regions with a strong spread of tomato yellow leaf curl virus. All hybrids had a complex of economically valuable traits and a set of genes for resistance to the main diseases of tomato, including a new dangerous pathogen for the South of Russia with a maximum potential risk — the tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV). The studies were carried out in 2017-2018 in the Solanaceae Laboratory of LLC NIISOK and in the Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory of Plants of LLC Semenovod. A total of 34 F1 tomato hybrids were tested. The hybrids were assessed by a set of economically valuable traits. Molecular genetic analysis was also carried out for the presence and allelic state of the main resistance genes: Tomato mosaic virus (Tm2a), Fusarium wilt (I2), Werticillium wilt (Ve), Cladosporium fulvum (Cf9), Nematodes (Mi1.2), Tomato spotted wilt virus (Sw5), Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (Ty3a). It was found that all the analyzed tomato hybrids with the declared by seed originators resistance to yellow leaf curl virus were heterozygous for the Ty3a gene. Based on the conducted research and taking into account the market requirements, models of F1 tomato hybrids for protected ground for the South of Russia have been developed. A promising tomato hybrid should have an indeterminate growth type with shortened internodes (4.5-5 cm) and good foliage. Tomato fruits should have a uniform red color without green shoulders, with a flat-round or round shape of the fruit and with an average weight of 220-270 g. To increase the transportability of tomatoes, it is necessary that the fruits are highly firm and characterized by good shelf life. The yield of tomato hybrid should be more than 30 kg/m2, and marketability should be at least 85%. The tomato hybrid should have the following set of resistance genes in a heterozygous state: Ty3a, Mi1.2, Cf-9, and also in a homozygous state: Tm2a, I2, Ve.

To syntaxonomy and ecology of communities with participation of alien species Hordeum jubatum L. in the South Urals

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Ya. M. Golovanov ◽  
L. M. Abramova
Keyword(s):  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Belt ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The South ◽  
Juncus Gerardii ◽  
Hordeum Jubatum ◽  
The Republic

The synthaxonomy and ecology of communities with predominance of Hordeum jubatum L., included in the «black list» of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Abramova, Golovanov, 2016a), the preliminary «black list» of the Orenburg Region (Abramova et al., 2017) and the «Black book of flora of Middle Russia» (Vinogradova et al., 2010), are discussed in the article, which continues a series of publications on the classification of communities with alien species in the South Urals (Abramova, 2011, 2016; Abramova, Golovanov, 2016b). H. jubatum was first found in the South Urals in 1984 as an adventive plant occurring along streets in the town of Beloretsk, as well as in gardens where it was grown as an ornamental plant. During the 1980s, it was met also at some railway stations and in several rural localities. Its active distribution throughout the South Urals started in XXI century (Muldashev et al., 2017). Currently, H. jubatum, most naturalized in the native salted habitats of the steppe zone, is often found in disturbed habitats in all natural zones within the region. The short vegetating period and resistance to drought allowed it to be naturalized also in dry steppes, where it increasingly acts as the main weed on broken pastures. The aim of the work, conducted during 2011–2017, was further finding the centers of H. jubatum invasion in 3 regions adjacent to the South Urals — the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Chelyabinsk and Orenburg Regions (Fig. 1). In the main sites of H. jubatum invasion 71 relevès were performed on 10–100 m² sample plots with the information of location, date, the plot size, the total cover, average and maximum height of herb layer. Classification was carried out following the Braun-Blanquet method (Braun-Blanquet, 1964) with using the Kopecký–Hejný approach (Kopecký, Hejný, 1974). The community ecology was assessed by weighted average values according to the optimal ecological scales by E. Landolt with usfge of the software of IBIS (Zverev, 2007). PCA-ordination method with usage CANOCO 4.5 software package was applied to identify patterns of environmental differentiation of invasive communities. The current wide distribution area of H. jubatum and its naturalization in synanthropic, meadow and saline communities in the South Urals, as well as its occurrence within mountain-forest belt, forest-steppe and steppe zones both in the Cis- and Trans-Urals, indicates species wide ecological amplitude, high adaptive capability and invasive potential. Its vast thickets are known in the steppe zone, both in disturbed steppes around settlements and along the banks of water bodies. The invasion sites are smaller in the northern regions and mountain forest belt, where these are located in settlements or along communication lines. Therefore, the steppe zone is more favorable for invasive populations, and their distribution will continue from the south to the north. Communities with predominance of H. jubatum, described earlier (Abramova, Golovanov, 2016b) in the Cis-Urals as two derivative communities (associations Hordeum jubatum [Scorzonero–Juncetea gerardii], Hordeum jubatum [Artemisietea]) and Polygono avicularis–Hordeetum jubati, were met in other regions of the South Urals. Also a new derivative community Hordeum jubatum–Poa pratensis [Cynosurion cristati], occuring in the northern part of the Cis-Urals and Trans-Urals, was established. In new habitats this species forms three types of communities: ass. Polygono avicularis–Hordeetum jubati (Fig. 2) the most widespread in anthropogenic habitats throughout the South Urals; derivative community Hordeum jubatum–Juncus gerardii [Scorzonero–Juncetalia gerardii] (Fig. 5) which replaces saline meadows mainly in the steppe zone of the region; derivative community Hordeum jubatum–Poa pratensis [Cynosurion cristati] (Fig. 4) which y replaces low-herb meadows in the forest-steppe zone and mountain-forest belt. PCA ordination (Fig. 6) shows that moisture (H) and soil richness-salinization (S) factors are in priority in differentiation of communities with predominance H. jubatum. The first axis is mainly related to the salinization and soil richness. The community pattern along the second axis is associated with wetting factor. The cenoses of the derivative community Hordeum jubatum–Poa pratensis [Cynosurion cristati] (less salted substrates in drier conditions in the northern part of the forest-steppe zone and the mountain forest belt) are grouped in the upper part of the ordination diagram, while communities of ass. Polygono avicularis–Hordeetum jubati (drier conditions in settlements, the steppe zone) in its low left part. Thus, axis 1 also reflects the intensity of trampling. Another group is formed by cenoses of the derivate community Hordeum jubatum–Juncus gerardii [Scorzonero–Juncetalia gerardii], (salt substrates with a high level of moisturization, on not very damaged water body banks). All communities with H. jubatum are well differentiated in the space of the main ordination axes that indirectly confirms the correctness of our syntaxonomic decision. Undoubted is further expansion of H. jubatum with its entering both anthropogenic and natural plant communities within the South Urals that suggests a constant monitoring in centers of species invasion.

The Charting of the South Coast of Java

Archipel ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-104
Author(s):  
Günter Schilder
Keyword(s):  
South Coast ◽  
The South
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