scholarly journals THE VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF TF-CBTGC MODULE FOR VICTIMS OF BULLYING IN SCHOOLS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (37) ◽  
pp. 350-363
Author(s):  
Nurul Huda Ishak ◽  
Samsiah Mohd Jais ◽  
Mohammad Nasir Bistamam ◽  
Mohd Norakmar Omar
Keyword(s):  
Therapy Group ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Bullying Victims ◽  
Victims Of Bullying ◽  
Reliability Measurement

Incidents of bullying among teenagers nowadays are becoming more prevalent, mostly involving school students. This behaviour needs to be curbed to prevent annoyance to the victim, leading to depression, anxiety, and stress. Immediate action should be taken to approach and deepen the bullying victims through appropriate counselling modules to be rehabilitated from a further hit by various internal problems. Therefore, this study aims to verify the Trauma-Focused - Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Group Counselling Module (TF-CBTGC). This module touches on three main aspects: depression, anxiety, and stress among bullying victims. There are six experts have been appointed to review and verify the modules developed. Besides, 34 students who were victims of bullying were identified to assist in the module reliability measurement process. The study results showed that the developed module has high validity and reliability, with a Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.952. This module's development can benefit victims of bullying among students to improve the quality of self-management and reduce their depression, anxiety, and stress. This module can allow the victim of bullying to choose the appropriate techniques, especially when facing real situations with bullies.

Trainee Perceptions of Teaching of Different Psychotherapies

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Foulkes
Keyword(s):  
Therapy Group ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Psychiatric Training ◽  
Quality Of Teaching ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction ◽  
Qualitative Responses ◽  
Satisfaction Rates

Objective: To investigate the perceptions of senior psychiatric trainees regarding the extent and satisfaction of the teaching during psychiatric training of five different psychotherapies, namely cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), dynamic therapy, family therapy, group therapy and supportive therapy. Method: A 60-item questionnaire was completed by 95 senior psychiatric trainees in Australia and New Zealand. This questionnaire used Likert scales to examine the degree of satisfaction in the quality of teaching received in the five psychotherapies. The teaching mostly consisted of seminars and supervision. Qualitative responses were also sought regarding the experience of teaching and suggestions for improvement. Results: Satisfaction rates in the quality of teaching varied from 7 to 41% and in the extent of teaching ranged from 4 to 20%. Trainees wished for more training in CBT, group, family and supportive therapies, practical seminars, and better supervision. Conclusions: Psychiatric trainees view the extent and quality of teaching in the psychotherapies as being deficient. Implications of these findings are discussed.

An investigation into the efficacy of a cognitive behavioural therapy group for low self-esteem in a primary care setting

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Beattie ◽  
David Beattie
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Primary Care Setting ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Mood Group ◽  
Group Programme

AbstractSelf-esteem refers to how an individual appraises themselves and is associated with good mental health. A number of studies have identified the efficacy of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in the treatment of low self-esteem based on the formulation and treatment trajectory developed by Fennell (1999). However, there has been little empirical enquiry into the efficacy of the programme delivered in primary care. The current study investigated the effectiveness of a CBT programme for low self-esteem delivered within primary care. Fifty-four participants attended a 9-week ‘Boost Your Mood’ group programme. Paired sample t-tests were conducted on pre- and post-group scores on measures of depression, anxiety and self-esteem. Results indicated that there were statistically significant improvements in levels of depression, anxiety and self-esteem post-treatment. Findings are consistent with the suggestion that group CBT may be effective at increasing levels of self-esteem and reducing levels of depression and anxiety when delivered in a primary care setting.

scholarly journals A Tailored, Therapist-Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Intervention as an Addition to Care as Usual for Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Economic Evaluation alongside an RCT (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maaike Ferwerda ◽  
Sylvia van Beugen ◽  
Henriët van Middendorp ◽  
Henk Visser ◽  
Harald Vonkeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Healthcare Use ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

BACKGROUND A chronic somatic condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), can significantly reduce health related quality of life due to psychological, social and physical consequences. Cognitive behavioural therapy can aid in improving outcomes for patients, for example in terms of disease trajectory, health care utilization, and workplace disability of patients. In recent years internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy has been proposed as an effective and efficient way to offer cognitive behavioural therapy and further implementation. However, little research has been conducted to support this proposition. OBJECTIVE To stimulate the implementation of effective treatment strategies for improving health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), cost-benefit ratios are required to inform stake-holders. A cost-effectiveness study from a societal perspective was conducted alongside a randomized controlled trial on a tailored and therapist-guided internet-based cognitive behavioural intervention (ICBT) for patients with elevated levels of distress, as an addition to usual care alone. METHODS Data were collected at baseline/pre-intervention, 6 months/post-intervention, and three-monthly thereafter during one year follow-up. Effects were measured in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and costs from a societal perspective including healthcare sector costs (including healthcare use, medication, and intervention costs), patient travel costs for healthcare use, and costs associated with loss of labor. RESULTS The intervention improved quality of life compared to usual care alone (Δ QALYs= 0.059), but also led to higher costs (Δ= € 4.211,44), which reduced substantially when medication costs were left out of the equation (Δ= € 1.862,72). Most (93%) of the simulated ICERS were in the north-east quadrant, suggesting a high probability that the intervention is effective in improving HRQoL, but at a greater monetary cost for society compared to usual care alone. CONCLUSIONS A tailored and guided ICBT intervention as an addition to usual care for patients with RA with heightened distress was effective in gaining quality of life. Consequently, implementation of the ICBT into standard healthcare for patients with RA is recommended, yet further study into cost reductions in this population is warranted. CLINICALTRIAL National trial registry number:NTR2100

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on Psychological and Biological Mediators Between Adversity and Psychosis: Potential Targets for Treatment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Alameda ◽  
Victoria Rodriguez ◽  
Ewan Carr ◽  
Monica Aas ◽  
Giulia Trotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Affective Dysregulation ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Competing Pathways

AbstractVarious psychological and biological pathways have been proposed as mediators between childhood adverse events (CA) and psychosis. A systematic review of the evidence in this domain is needed. The aim of this work is to systematically review the evidence on psychological and biological mediators between CA and psychosis across the psychosis spectrum. This systematic review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (registration number: CRD42018100846). Articles published between 1979 and July 2019 were identified through a literature search in OVID (PsychINFO; Medline and Embase). The evidence by each analysis and each study results are presented by group of mediator categories found in the review. The percentage of total effect mediated was calculated. 47 studies were included, with a total of 79,668 from general population (GP) and 3,189 from clinical samples. The quality of studies was judged as “fair”. Our results showed (i) solid evidence of mediation between CA and psychosis by negative cognitive schemas about the self, the world, and others (NS); by dissociation and other PTSD symptoms; (ii) evidence of al mediation through an affective pathway (affective dysregulation, anxiety, and depression) in GP; (iii) lack of studies exploring biological mediators. To conclude, we found evidence suggesting that various overlapping and not competing pathways contribute partially to the link between adversity and psychosis. Experiences of adversity, along with relevant mediators such as PTSD and mood related symptoms and NS, should be routinely assessed in patients with psychosis. Targeting such mediators through cognitive behavioural aproaches using trauma-focused therapy and/or pharmacological means could be a useful addition to the traditional treatment of positive symptoms.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of internet-delivered cognitive–behavioural therapy for adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e023881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipa Sampaio ◽  
Marianne Bonnert ◽  
Ola Olén ◽  
Erik Hedman ◽  
Maria Lalouni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Irritable Bowel

ObjectiveTo assess whether exposure-based internet-delivered cognitive–behavioural therapy (internet-CBT) is a cost-effective treatment for adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) compared with a waitlist control, from a societal perspective, based on data from a randomised trial.DesignWithin-trial cost-effectiveness analysis.SettingParticipants were recruited from the whole of Sweden via primary, secondary and tertiary care clinics reached through news media and advertising.ParticipantsAdolescents (aged 13–17) with a diagnosis of IBS.InterventionsParticipants were randomised to either an exposure-based internet-CBT, including 10 weekly modules for adolescents and five modules for parents, or a waitlist.Outcome measuresThe main health outcome was the quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) estimated by mapping Pediatric Quality-of-Life Inventory (PedsQL) scores onto EQ-5D-3L utilities. The secondary outcome was the point improvement on the PedsQL scale. Data on health outcomes and resource use were collected at baseline and 10 weeks post-treatment. Resource use was measured using the Trimbos and Institute of Medical Technology Assessment Cost Questionnaire for Psychiatry (TIC-P) . Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) were calculated as the difference in average costs by the difference in average outcomes between groups.ResultsThe base-case results showed that internet-CBT costs were on average US$170.24 (95% CI 63.14 to 315.04) more per participant than the waitlist. Adolescents in the internet-CBT group showed small QALY gains (0.0031; 95% CI 0.0003 to 0.0061), and an average improvement of 5.647 points (95% CI 1.82 to 9.46) on the PedsQL compared with the waitlist. Internet-CBT yielded an ICER of $54 916/QALY gained and a probability of cost-effectiveness of 74% given the Swedish willingness-to-pay threshold. The ICER for the outcome PedsQL was US$85.29/point improvement.ConclusionsOffering internet-CBT to adolescents with IBS improves health-related quality of life and generates small QALY gains at a higher cost than a waitlist control. Internet-CBT is thus likely to be cost-effective given the strong efficacy evidence, small QALY gains and low cost.Trial registration numberNCT02306369; Results.

scholarly journals Economic evaluation of online computerised cognitive–behavioural therapy without support for depression in primary care: randomised trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 196 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. H. Gerhards ◽  
L. E. de Graaf ◽  
L. E. Jacobs ◽  
J. L. Severens ◽  
M. J. H. Huibers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Cost

BackgroundEvidence about the cost-effectiveness and cost utility of computerised cognitive–behavioural therapy (CCBT) is still limited. Recently, we compared the clinical effectiveness of unsupported, online CCBT with treatment as usual (TAU) and a combination of CCBT and TAU (CCBT plus TAU) for depression. The study is registered at the Netherlands Trial Register, part of the Dutch Cochrane Centre (ISRCTN47481236).AimsTo assess the cost-effectiveness of CCBT compared with TAU and CCBT plus TAU.MethodCosts, depression severity and quality of life were measured for 12 months. Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses were performed from a societal perspective. Uncertainty was dealt with by bootstrap replications and sensitivity analyses.ResultsCosts were lowest for the CCBT group. There are no significant group differences in effectiveness or quality of life. Cost-utility and cost-effectiveness analyses tend to be in favour of CCBT.ConclusionsOn balance, CCBT constitutes the most efficient treatment strategy, although all treatments showed low adherence rates and modest improvements in depression and quality of life.

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