Prevention of Bullying of Students in Educational Institutions and the Application of Legal Sanctions

This is a qualitative research with a case study approach. This research is intended to answer the questions how the sanctions are applied by schools for bullying children and how the law enforcement for bullies is applied. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews with 5 informants consisting of a psychologist, a legal practitioner and 3 parents whose children were victims of bullying. Cases of bullying that occur in schools receive less attention from teachers, academic staff and school principals. In general, bullying is still considered an ordinary child delinquency and behaviour, even though the impact of bullying is very dangerous for students who become victims. For this reason, every teacher, staff, principal must have sufficient knowledge regarding bullying issues in order to create an activity program that aims to prevent bullying and every parent must also pay attention to their children and understand that currently there is a law related to the problem of bullying and it is hoped that parents will have the courage to report to the authorities in order to provide a deterrent effect not only to the bullies but also to those who cover up the case.

School Policy Innovation to Reduce Bullying Effect

Bullying is an unpleasant act that is still a problem in the school environment. To find out about school policy innovations in an effort to reduce the impact of bullying behavior, this will illustrate the relationship between bullying perpetrators and victims of bullying in SMA as well as school policy innovations to reduce the impact of bullying. This research was conducted in high school students of all levels with the number of respondents 1119 students in Indonesia. Descriptive approach with mixed methods. The sample / respondent was determined by purposive sampling technique. The data used a questionnaire and were analyzed with proportions and conducted FGD and interviews with teachers in SMA. The results of the study concluded that: 1) The value of r-count (Pearson Correlations) of the bullying was 0.186 r-table 0.062 and the r-count value for the bullying victim aspect was 0.139 r-table 0.062, meaning that the relationship between the two variables was positive and increased the bullying and victims of bullying, there will also be increased assistance and support from parents, teachers and friends; 2) The solution to reduce bullying effects must implement policies at the macro, meso and micro levels that work systemically and in synergy by creating creative and innovative programs. With the existence of an effective and innovative school policy, bullying cases that occur in schools can be minimized in terms of quality and quantity.

Literature Review : Gambaran Bullying Pada Remaja

A half of teenagers in the world agcd 13-15 year, or around 150 million teenagers, have experienced bullying. This shows that bullying behavior is rampant in adolescence. The impact on victims of bullying such as fear, skipping school, furthermore commit suicide. Meanwhile, a browbeating person often becomes vindictive and violent. The Objectives this study aims to determine the description of bullying in adolescents.The Methods this literature review search results for articles from PubMed, Google scholar found five articles. All articles were appraised by using hawker instruments. The Result this study showed that the average age of reepondents is 14,84 years, primarily females who were victims of bullying (36.9% adolescents), as perpetrators of bullying 19.8% adolescents. Meanwhile, non-victims and perpetrators are as much as 43.3% of adolescents. The type of bullying experienced by victims is verbal bullying (39.3%). Similarly, 39.0% of adolescents are perpetrators of verbal bullying. The Conclusions the victims of bullying are more than those who reported being bullies. The type of bullying in adolescents was mostly verbal bullying.Keywords: Adolescens; bullying; bullies; victims of bullying. AbstrakRemaja di dunia yang berusia 13-15 tahun sebanyak 50% atau setara 150 juta remaja pernah mengalami bullying. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa perilaku bullying sangat tinggi pada usia remaja. Dampak bagi korban bullying seperti ketakutan, tidak ingin sekolah hingga berkeinginan untuk bunuh diri, sedangkan dampak oleh pelaku bullying sering kali pelaku menjadi pendendam, dan berbuat kekerasan. Tujuan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran bullying pada remaja. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan literature review. Hasil pencarian artikel dari PubMed, Google scholar didapatkan 5 artikel. Alat ukur menggunakan instrument hawker. Hasil penelitian ini usia responden rata-rata 14,84 tahun, jenis kelamin paling banyak yaitu perempuan, gambaran korban dan pelaku bullying menjadi korban bullying yaitu 36,9% remaja, sebagai pelaku bullying 19,8% remaja, sedangkan bukan korban dan pelaku sebanyak 43,3% remaja, gambaran jenis bullying pada remaja yaitu bullying yang dialami oleh korban bullying paling banyak adalah bullying verbal yaitu 39,3% remaja, sedangkan jenis bullying yang dilakukan oleh pelaku bullying paling banyak adalah bullying verbal yaitu 39,0% remaja. Simpulan penelitian ini karakteristik responden meliputi usia dan jenis kelamin, yang melaporkan menjadi korban bullying lebih banyak dari yang melaporkan sebagai pelaku bullying, jenis bullying pada remaja sebagian besar bullying adalah bullying verbal.Kata kunci: Remaja; Bullying; Pelaku bullying; Korban bullying

Social support as a moderator of the relationship between victimization and internalizing symptoms in LGTBIQ+ people

The present study analyses the moderating effect of different types of social support in the relationship between bullying, cyberbullying and workplace victimization, and internalizing symptoms in LGBTIQ+ individuals. 262 people from LGBTIQ+ collective participated (ages between 18 and 77; M= 29.83, SD= 12.41), who completed measures via Internet of bullying, cyberbullying, workplace victimization, family support, support from friends, support from a special person, and symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress. The results showed that support from friends moderated the relationship between bullying and anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as the relationship between workplace victimization and depression symptoms. On the other hand, family support moderated the relationship between bullying and anxiety symptoms. Regarding cyberbullying, none of the types of social support moderated the relationship between cyberbullying and internalizing symptomatology. Findings of this study highlight the moderating role of family and friend support when internalizing symptoms of LGBTIQ+ people who are victims of bullying and/or workplace victimization.

Perspectiva sociometrică în abordarea stimei de sine a elevului victimă a bullying-ului școlar

In this study we applied the sociometric research technique of the student class to identify the sociometric status of students characterized as victims of bullying. The sociometric position and the perception of the bullying victim status were tested by applying the sociometric test on a sample of 31 students in a humanities class (11th) of a high school in Brăila, Romania. The results of the self-esteem measuring instrument were also used by applying the Rosenberg technique. The results of the study showed that there was a visible difference between the rejected number 6 (Isp = 0.4), for which 2 votes and 14 rejections were expressed and the rejected number 2, chosen by 3 colleagues and rejected by 4 (Isp = -0.03). Also, the grouping of those with Isp = 0 in the category of the indi ff erent ones

The Implementation of Trauma Healing to The Bullying at Rumah Duta Revolusi Mental Semarang

This research describes the implementation of trauma healing to victims of bullying at the Rumah Duta Revolusi Mental in Semarang City using Islamic Counseling Guidance. The collecting data technique were interviews, observation, and documentation. Furthermore, the data analysis technique used the Milles and Huberman model, namely: data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results showed that the implementation of trauma healing to victims of bullying at the Rumah Duta Revolusi Mental in Semarang City had two forms of programs, namely counseling and psychotherapy including several therapies, namely play therapy, emotional catharsis, fairy tale therapy, and, writing therapy. Meanwhile, trauma healing is carried out through three stages, namely the initial stage, the middle stage or the work stage, and the final stage or the termination stage. Judging the Islamic Counseling Guidance, both in terms of the objectives, functions, and methods of trauma healing to the victims was an implementation of the techniques, stages, methods of trauma healing.

Victims of Bullying: Emotion Recognition and Understanding

Introduction: Victims of bullying often show interpersonal problems, such as having less high-quality interpersonal relationships compared to non-involved individuals. Research suggests that interpersonal struggles are associated with diminished emotional intelligence and competence and can lead to mental health problems such as depression. Therefore, we examined emotion recognition abilities, empathic accuracy, and behavioral responses to emotions in bullying victims and non-involved individuals. Based on previous research, we expected victims to show diminished skills in all three domains.Methods: Adolescents (Mage=17years; 67% female; no “other” gender participants) with (N=24) and without (N=21) a self-reported history of bullying victimization in high school completed a Virtual Reality facial emotion recognition task (ERT-VR), an empathic accuracy task (EAT) using videos of people recounting real-life autobiographical events, and a computer task in which they indicated their likely behavioral responses to facial emotions.Results: The two groups only significantly differed in recognizing emotions when taking their depression symptoms into account. Across emotions, victims had lower recognition accuracy than non-involved individuals. When examining emotion-specific differences, victims showed lower accuracy for neutral faces which they mainly mistook for angry faces.Conclusion: In contrast to expectations, adolescents with a high-school history of bullying victimization mostly showed similar emotional intelligence and competence skills as non-involved individuals. Nonetheless, we found some subtle differences regarding emotion recognition. Victims misjudged neutral as angry faces. This suggests a hostile attribution bias which might help explain victims’ interpersonal problems as well as their increased risk for mental health problems.

PELAKU PEDOFILIA (Tinjauan Dari Faktor Penyebab dan Aspek Dinamika Psikologis)

This study aims to find out the psychological dynamics in pedophiles. The focus of research is the factors causing pedophile behavior in perpetrators. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The results showed that the perpetrator was a person known by the victim, namely the neighbor and the teacher. In general, the three participants have similarities in the factors causing pedophile behavior. The main common factors of the three participants in this study are the lack of affection from the family, especially the father figure, low self-esteem, failure to have a relationship with a partner, feeling disappointed or frustrated, consumption of pornographic content, and the inability to control sexual desire. Meanwhile, the different factors of the three participants were poor environment, having a less harmonious family background, relatively low level of economy, and education. Having-teen sexual experiences or have been victims of sexual harassment, having been physically abused or the victims of bullying and having sexual disorders can also be the factors. In addition, all three participants had a lack of sex education or understanding related to participants' cognitive aspects. There are also some factors related to affective aspects, namely feelings of guilt or even feeling of satisfaction after these three participants engage in inpedophile behavior. The conative aspect includes other factors such as the consumption of pornographic content, and the way participants give the lure to the victims and their threats, as well as how to perform pedophile behavior by inserting genitals into the victim's anus and then touching, pressing down the victim's genitals.