scholarly journals A comprehensive measures ensuring the safety of blood component transfusions

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-334
Author(s):  
D. S. Tikhomirov ◽  
T. A. Tupoleva ◽  
A. A. Gulyaeva ◽  
O. G. Starkova ◽  
R. R. Abakarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Multicomponent System ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Blood Component ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
Ciency Virus ◽  
Viral Safety

Introduction. Human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV), Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV, HCV) are the major blood-borne infections. Donor blood components cannot be currently replaced with synthetic substitutes, which determines the necessity of improving the viral safety of blood component transfusions.Aim. To describe a multicomponent system for monitoring the viral safety of donor blood component transfusions. General fi ndings. Measures ensuring the safety of blood component transfusions include the maintenance of regular communication with donors, pre-donation laboratory tests, viral screening, production, storage and clinical use of blood products, as well as monitoring of blood transfusion results. The selection of donors from low-risk behaviour groups ensures the viral safety of blood transfusion procedures at the initial stages of blood production. A necessary condition for improving the safety of transfusions is additional examination of donor blood samples for antibodies against the hepatitis B core antigen. Algorithms are described for investigating the initial occurrence of infectious markers in blood transfusion recipients, a retrospective investigation in cases where viral infection markers are identifi ed in recurrent donors, as well as for the monitoring of the virological status of patients with blood system disorders. The implementation of these measures can increase the overall safety of blood transfusion.

scholarly journals Transfusion Transmitted Hepatitis B Virus among Multitransfused Thalassaemic Children in a Tertiary Health Care Centre in Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Firoz Salehuddin Ahmed ◽  
Md Sahab Uddin Joarder ◽  
Md Nazrul Islam ◽  
Mursheda Akter ◽  
Ishaque Mahmud Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference ◽  
Viral Marker ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hb E ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Repeated blood transfusion is the main life line support for thalassaemic children and so they are more prone to be infected with HBV. In Bangladesh the main source of blood for transfusion is the professional donors and so the possibility of HBV infection is higher. Objective: To assess the frequency of HBV among children who received more than 3 blood transfusions. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional analytical study was conducted in Pediatrics ward of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka during the period of July 2003 to June 2004. Ninety five children aged less than 15 years, suffering from ? thalassaemia major and Hb E ? thalassaemia having blood transfusion more than three times and 20 controls of similar age and sex were included in this study. Seromarkers of HBV were tested and the results were analyzed using SPSS version Windows 11.0. Results: Out of 115 children 68 were ? thalassaemic (mean age 6.8 ± 2.84 yrs and male:female is 4.2:1), 27 were Hb E ? thalassaemic children (mean age 8.78 ± 2.99 yrs and M:F 1.4:1) and 20 were nontransfused, age and sex matched controls (mean age 6.23 ± 1.88 yrs and M:F 1:2.3). Out of 95 thalassaemic children 21 (22.1%) were positive for HBsAg. Among them 13 were ? thalassaemic and 8 were Hb E ? thalassaemic. None of the controls showed HBsAg positivity indicating a significant statistical difference (p=0.033). 28 (29.5%) children were positive for anti-HBc. Among them 23 were ? thalassaemic and 5 were Hb E ? thalassaemic and there was no core antigen positivity among the controls showing a significant statistical difference (p=0.022). Four (4.2%) patients showed HBeAg positivity, out of whom 3 were ? thalassaemic and 1 was Hb E ? thalassaemic. But this antigen was not found in any control and thereby, no statistical significant difference was observed (p=0.637). Among 20 controls, 2 were positive for anti-HBe antibody, but none of the thalassaemic children was positive for this antibody showing statistically significant difference (p=0.008). Conclusion: A significantly higher sero-prevalence of hepatitis B viral marker was observed among the multitransfused thalassaemic children. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v2i2.12838J Enam Med Col 2012; 2(2): 56-61

III.—New Developments in Large-scale Plasma Fractionation

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (S1) ◽  
pp. s15-s34
Author(s):  
J. G. Watt ◽  
J. K. Smith ◽  
W. Grant ◽  
C. Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
American Association ◽  
Blood Component ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Blood Banks ◽  
Blood Component Therapy

‘Selective transfusion of appropriate blood components is preferable to the routine use of whole blood.’ (American Association of Blood Banks. Physicians' Handbook of Blood Component Therapy, 1969).The rational use of donor blood in the environment of modern blood transfusion revolves around a series of developments in the field of component therapy. The fractionation of plasma, i.e. the separation of plasma into a series of subdivisions each containing one or other of the constituent proteins in varying degrees of purity and concentration, was one of the first of these developments to become established.Early fractionation of plasma was applied in various ways to the purification of animal antisera; initially to antipneumococcal serum for therapeutic use. These sera frequently provoked reactions in patients until Sabin showed that absorption with Fullers earth could abolish these side-effects by removing complexed molecules.

Prospective assessment of donor blood screening for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen as a means of preventing posttransfusion non-A, non-B, hepatitis

Hepatology ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melchor Hoyos ◽  
José V. Sarrión ◽  
Teresa Pérez-Castellanos ◽  
Martín Prieto ◽  
María L. Marty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
Prospective Assessment ◽  
Hepatitis B Core Antigen ◽  
Blood Screening

II.—New Approaches to the Supply of Blood and Plasma

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (S1) ◽  
pp. s7-s14
Author(s):  
John Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Component ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Platelet Concentrates ◽  
Protein Solution ◽  
Fresh Blood ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Wrong Identification

SynopsisOne unit of donor blood may be used to treat several patients. Each recipient is given the appropriate blood component. Proper component therapy is more effective and less hazardous than whole blood transfusion. In addition, valuable human blood is conserved.Transfusion services require facilities to process fresh blood and separate otherwise labile components such as cryoglobulin precipitate and platelet concentrates. The production of large amounts of these components and of fractions such as plasma protein solution is facilitated by the clinical use of concentrated red cells rather than whole blood. Recurrent shortages of fresh donor blood are inevitable. Components which can be preserved for long periods should be stockpiled.Plasmapheresis, plateletpheresis and leukapheresis allow the frequent collection of selected components from individual donors. Some of these donors may be hyperimmunised by the injection of an appropriate immunogen, and a specific immunoglobulin IgG can be prepared from the donated plasma. Hazards such as wrong identification and protein depletion must be avoided by individual attention to plasmapheresis donors.Automation and modern transportation may increase the availability of blood. The importance of the blood donor to the health service and to the community should be fully recognised.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document