II.—New Approaches to the Supply of Blood and Plasma

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (S1) ◽  
pp. s7-s14
Author(s):  
John Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Component ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Platelet Concentrates ◽  
Protein Solution ◽  
Fresh Blood ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Wrong Identification

SynopsisOne unit of donor blood may be used to treat several patients. Each recipient is given the appropriate blood component. Proper component therapy is more effective and less hazardous than whole blood transfusion. In addition, valuable human blood is conserved.Transfusion services require facilities to process fresh blood and separate otherwise labile components such as cryoglobulin precipitate and platelet concentrates. The production of large amounts of these components and of fractions such as plasma protein solution is facilitated by the clinical use of concentrated red cells rather than whole blood. Recurrent shortages of fresh donor blood are inevitable. Components which can be preserved for long periods should be stockpiled.Plasmapheresis, plateletpheresis and leukapheresis allow the frequent collection of selected components from individual donors. Some of these donors may be hyperimmunised by the injection of an appropriate immunogen, and a specific immunoglobulin IgG can be prepared from the donated plasma. Hazards such as wrong identification and protein depletion must be avoided by individual attention to plasmapheresis donors.Automation and modern transportation may increase the availability of blood. The importance of the blood donor to the health service and to the community should be fully recognised.

scholarly journals Quality Assessment of Established and Emerging Blood Components for Transfusion

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason P. Acker ◽  
Denese C. Marks ◽  
William P. Sheffield
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Product ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Blood Component ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Platelet Concentrates ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
Additional Manufacturing ◽  
Blood Component Therapy ◽  
Nonstandard Conditions

Blood is donated either as whole blood, with subsequent component processing, or through the use of apheresis devices that extract one or more components and return the rest of the donation to the donor. Blood component therapy supplanted whole blood transfusion in industrialized countries in the middle of the twentieth century and remains the standard of care for the majority of patients receiving a transfusion. Traditionally, blood has been processed into three main blood products: red blood cell concentrates; platelet concentrates; and transfusable plasma. Ensuring that these products are of high quality and that they deliver their intended benefits to patients throughout their shelf-life is a complex task. Further complexity has been added with the development of products stored under nonstandard conditions or subjected to additional manufacturing steps (e.g., cryopreserved platelets, irradiated red cells, and lyophilized plasma). Here we review established and emerging methodologies for assessing blood product quality and address controversies and uncertainties in this thriving and active field of investigation.

Donor platelets collection in a pandemic of COVID‑19 infection

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
S. I. Kuznetsov ◽  
◽  
E. V. Kudinova ◽  
E. B. Zhiburt ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Platelet Concentrate ◽  
Platelet Concentrates ◽  
Apheresis Platelets

The work of the Samara Regional Clinical Blood Transfusion Station, the collection and delivery of platelet concentrates in 2018, 2019 and in the first 6 months of 2020 was assessed. The annual demand for platelet concentrates in 2019 increased by 22.9%, and in the first half of 2020 the issue of platelet concentrate decreased by 12.1%, which is associated with a change in treatment work during the period of infection COVID‑19. The proportion of platelets isolated from whole blood in the first half of 2020 decreased from 24.7% (the end of 2019) to 17.4%, (p <0.001). This maneuver made it possible to accept all donors wishing to donate apheresis platelets.

III.—New Developments in Large-scale Plasma Fractionation

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (S1) ◽  
pp. s15-s34
Author(s):  
J. G. Watt ◽  
J. K. Smith ◽  
W. Grant ◽  
C. Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
American Association ◽  
Blood Component ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Blood Banks ◽  
Blood Component Therapy

‘Selective transfusion of appropriate blood components is preferable to the routine use of whole blood.’ (American Association of Blood Banks. Physicians' Handbook of Blood Component Therapy, 1969).The rational use of donor blood in the environment of modern blood transfusion revolves around a series of developments in the field of component therapy. The fractionation of plasma, i.e. the separation of plasma into a series of subdivisions each containing one or other of the constituent proteins in varying degrees of purity and concentration, was one of the first of these developments to become established.Early fractionation of plasma was applied in various ways to the purification of animal antisera; initially to antipneumococcal serum for therapeutic use. These sera frequently provoked reactions in patients until Sabin showed that absorption with Fullers earth could abolish these side-effects by removing complexed molecules.

scholarly journals Utilization pattern of blood and its components in a tertiary care super speciality hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4526
Author(s):  
Anjali Handa ◽  
Sunita Bundas ◽  
Ashok Pal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Component ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Periodic Review ◽  
Utilization Pattern

Background: Blood is the most precious gift for human life. Blood transfusion services play a vital role in managing health care services. There is no substitute for blood and its components till date, therefore blood donation drive is very crucial. The primary responsibility of blood transfusion services is to provide safe, sufficient and timely supply of blood and blood products. There has been shift for usage of blood and blood components from the use of whole blood so that maximum utilization of this precious resource could be done. Aim and objectives was to study pattern of utilization of blood and blood components in a super speciality hospital with the indications for transfusions for different components during the study period.Methods: This retrospective study for 12 months (January 2019- December 2 019) on pattern of utilization of blood components was carried out in the department of immunohaematology and transfusion medicine in a super speciality hospital.Results: There were total of 90237 transfusions which were carried out during the study period of 12 months. During the study period, 366 stored whole blood units, 55300 Packed RBC units, 19111 FFP units, 14298 Random Donor Platelet units, 1119 single donor platelets and 43 cryoprecipitate units were issued for use in patients admitted to our hospital.Conclusions: Periodic review and audit of blood component usage becomes essential to assess the blood utilization pattern in any hospital.  

scholarly journals Blood transfusion in horses

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Dragisa Trailovic ◽  
Sasa Laus ◽  
Stefan Djokovic
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Fluid Therapy ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Fresh Blood ◽  
Efficient Manner

Fluid therapy includes blood transfusion which presents the most efficient manner of treating hypovolaemia caused by blood loss, even though whole blood can be used as a therapeutic means in other cases as well - in deficits of the blood coagulation factor, exhaustion of the antiprotease system, hypoproteinaemia, primarily hypoalbuminaemia, and others. The application of fresh blood has an advantage over preserved blood, which does not lessen the importance of setting up a blood bank, in particular in cases when the blood groups of the donors are precisely determined. .

scholarly journals Transfusion Strategies in the Pre-Hospital Setting: Evaluating the Logistical Benefits of Pre-Hospital Whole Blood Transfusion, and a National Survey of Pre-Hospital Blood Transfusion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriet Tucker ◽  
Laura Green ◽  
Karim Brohi ◽  
Rebecca Cardigan ◽  
Ross Davenport ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Flow Time ◽  
Transfusion Practice ◽  
Blood Component ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Blood Component Transfusion

Abstract BackgroundPre-hospital blood component transfusion poses logistical challenges. Current patterns of pre-hospital blood use across the UK are not known. A potential benefit of providing a single combined component of whole blood is reduced need for multiple steps of administering separate components and more efficient use of time and resources by medical staff. .Objectivesto undertake a detailed time-analysis of the steps of pre-hospital combined component transfusion against separate blood component transfusion, and to determine current UK pre-hospital transfusion practice and users’ optimal pre-hospital transfusion strategyMethodsA three-arm cross-over major haemorrhage simulation study compared: flow-time (time from decision-to-transfuse [DTT] to complete transfusion); touch-time (direct team ’hands on’ contact time with transfusion process); and number of steps, people and equipment required for transfusion of 2 units of RCP [arm-A], 2 RBC + 2 TP [arm-B] or RBC + 2 Lyoplas [arm-C]). A national survey of current and optimal pre-hospital transfusion strategies was sent to 22 UK Air Ambulance Services (AAS) and 27 Major Trauma Centres (MTC) in December 2019. ResultsThe simulation demonstrated that arm-A had a shorter flow-time (median 6min 31sec vs. 12min 20 sec, vs 16min 29 sec) and touch-time (median 2min 31 seconds vs. 5min 21sec vs. 15min 3sec) than arm-B and arm-C respectively, and required fewer steps, equipment and checks. 18 MTCs and 18 AAS responded to the national survey (response rates of 67 and 82%). 10 transfused RBC/plasma (5 TP/5 Lyoplas), 4 RBC only, 2 Lyoplas only, 1 RBC/Lyoplas/Fibrinogen, and 1 ’red cell and plasma’ (only available at one hospital site). 89% replied that a combined component transfusion would be desirable, as it would reduce patient mortality (83%) and tasks on scene (75%). ConclusionThe time-analysis established the benefits for combined pre-hospital component transfusion in trauma patients. The national survey demonstrates the variation in current pre-hospital transfusion practice and reiterates that combined component transfusion pre-hospital may have logistical advantages over separate components.

scholarly journals Assessment of recipients’ characteristics, transfusion appropriateness, and utilization pattern of blood and blood products in Jimma Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250623
Author(s):  
Tufa Feyisa ◽  
Girum Tesfaye Kiya ◽  
Wondimagegn Adissu Maleko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Component ◽  
Service Improvement ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Utilization

Background As blood transfusion remains life-saving and is being frequently prescribed, a greater number of its practice is unnecessary or inappropriate. This important clinical intervention is reported as one of the five overused medical treatments, with gross over-ordering and whole blood transfusions as the sole component being common in developing countries. Study of recipient’s demographics, clinical conditions, appropriate blood utilization, and continuous clinical audits for quality assurance and service improvement plan are important factors to this practice. This study was designed to assess the recipient’s characteristics, blood type distributions, appropriateness of blood transfusion, and utilization practice of the big medical center. Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 1 to June 30, 2018. Data were collected using a structured data collection format prepared for this study. All transfusion prescriptions were followed from requisition up to completion. Patient’s age, sex, requesting departments, hemodynamics, number and component of units requested and issued, and units transfused were collected. Transfusion appropriateness was assessed by a criterion-based method while blood utilization was calculated. Results A total of 545 units of blood for 425 patients were cross-matched of the 809 units of total blood prescribed. The mean and median age of transfused individuals was found to be 27.47 ±15.28 years and 26 years respectively, and 65.4% females most in reproductive age groups. O and A Rhesus-positive blood types were the two major blood groups observed. Overall 82.1% of transfusions were appropriate; while only 27.8% of patients received appropriate components as 96.5% of individuals received a whole blood transfusion. Significant blood utilization was recorded with a C/T ratio of 1.05, TP% of 100%, and TI of 1.23. Conclusion Much of the transfusion recipients were relatively young aged and females, most in the reproductive age group. Although whole blood was used as a sole component, significant blood transfusion utilization and appropriateness were recorded; while appropriate component transfusion was recorded to be significantly low. Local transfusion guidelines and appropriate component preparation and utilization are required to improve the sub-optimal blood component transfusion practice.

scholarly journals PENGARUH WAKTU PENYIMPANAN DARAH TERHADAP KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA KOMPONEN WHOLE BLOOD DARAH DONOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Arief Adi Saputro ◽  
Catur Retno Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Donor Blood ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
First In First Out

Blood transfusion is the process of distributing blood from donors to patients with the aim of replacing blood lost due to bleeding, surgery, shock and malfunctioning of the blood-forming organs that require replacement blood in the form of whole blood or blood components. Blood is stored with the First in First Out (FIFO) system, which is a system that regulates the expulsion of blood in which the first blood that enters will be removed first. The storage period of blood will experience changes in blood components, especially erythrocytes will experience significant changes in shape over the length of time blood storage. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in hemoglobin levels of donor blood before and after storage for 7 days. This research was conducted at the Blood Transfusion Unit of PMI Kudus Regency. The number of samples used as many as 15 samples. The results showed that there were differences in hemoglobin levels before storage and after storage for 7 days (0.000). The average value before storage was 14.7 g/dl, after storage for 7 days 18.2 g/dl, the highest hemoglobin before storage was 15.4 g/dl, the highest after storage was 18.2 g/dl, while the lowest hemoglobin was before storage. storage 14.0 gr/dl and after storage 17.3 gr/dl. The conclusion is there is a significant difference between hemoglobin levels before storage and after storage for 7 days.

scholarly journals Blood Transfusion Requests: An Audit in a Blood Transfusion Wing of a Referral Laboratory

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Debashish Saha ◽  
Susitra Saha ◽  
SM Mahbubul Alam ◽  
Susane Giti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Fresh Frozen Plasma ◽  
Blood Component ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Cross Match

Introduction: Transfusion of blood and its components such as Packed Red Cell (PRC), Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) and Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) play an important role as a supportive therapy in patients admitted to a hospital. Objective: To conduct an audit of blood transfusion requests regarding demographic data of the recipients, the component therapy, blood groups of the issued units, cross-match transfusion ratio, expiry of the transfusion units, pattern of blood components usage and transfusion reaction for which blood was returned back to blood bank. Materials and Methods: This retrospective crosssectional study was conducted at the transfusion wing of a referral laboratory over a period of three months from January 2013 to March 2013 upon 3015 episodes of transfusion units of whole blood and different blood components. Results: Out of total 3015 episodes of transfusion unit in 1926 recipients, 930 were male and 996 female. About 41.0% requests of transfusion units received from the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OBG) followed by the department of Surgery of about 28.7%. The most commonly used transfusion units was whole blood (55.3%) followed by platelet rich plasma (27.2%). Most of the recipients (62.3%) received single transfusion units and 37.7% recipients of ≥2 units. Out of 3769 cross-match, 3015 transfusion units were issued. In 12 (0.4%) cases, there were minor febrile and allergic reactions. During the study period, shelf life of six transfusion units had expired. Conclusion: This study suggests that either systems audit or medical practice audit of blood and blood component orders can help to reduce the inappropriate or indiscriminate transfusions and may be an important educational tool for the ordering physicians as well as for residents in training Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.11(2) 2015: 3-6

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document