scholarly journals COMPARISON OF A RAPID TEST WITH bPAG ELISA IN PREGNANCY DIAGNOSIS IN COWS

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1475-1481
Author(s):  
O. I. Dana ◽  
R. H. Mukhtar ◽  
M. O. Mohammed ◽  
H. O. Dyary
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Test ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Calving Intervals ◽  
In Pregnancy

Early pregnancy detection is vital for properly managing livestock farms by re-inseminating nonpregnant females and minimizing the calving intervals. The present investigation was executed to compare a rapid test (Dairy Cow Pregnancy Test from Span Biotech Ltd. Shenzhen, China) with a commercial bPAG ELISA test (IDEXX®) for pregnancy diagnosis in non-descriptive cows. The study also aimed to elucidate if the rapid test could be an alternative method to ELISA in the field. Blood and urine samples were collected from 43 cows to measure the concentrations of bovine pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (bPAGs) in the blood samples and detect progesterone via the rapid test in the urine samples. Examining the genital tracts was achieved after slaughtering the cows to determine the uterus’ state, used as the reference standard for both tests. The results showed that the bPAG ELISA test was more accurate in pregnancy detection than the rapid test. However, there were no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) between both methods’ results. We conclude that the rapid test can be a suitable alternative method to the bPAG ELISA test for diagnosing pregnancy in cows in field conditions.

scholarly journals Comparison of a barium chloride test with ELISA for pregnancy detection in cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Ismaeel Dana ◽  
Mnnat Talib Ghaidan ◽  
Rafiq Hamakarim Mukhtar ◽  
Hiewa Othman Dyary
Keyword(s):  
Barium Chloride ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Reproductive Systems ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Reproductive Management ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Macroscopic Examination ◽  
Urine Specimens ◽  
In Pregnancy

AbstractIntroductionEarly detection of pregnancy is vital for appropriate reproductive management programmes to facilitate the rapid re-insemination of non-pregnant females and reduce the calving interval.Material and MethodsA barium chloride test was compared with a commercial progesterone ELISA to detect pregnancy in non-descriptive cows and investigate if it could be applied as an alternative to ELISA in the field. Blood and urine samples were collected from 74 cows with recorded insemination dates. The progesterone ELISA and barium chloride assay were implemented to detect progesterone (P4) in blood and urine specimens, respectively. The cows' reproductive systems were examined after they were slaughtered to determine the uterus's status. Macroscopic examination of the uterus was used as a reference standard for both tests.ResultsThe sensitivity rates of the P4 ELISA and barium chloride test to detect pregnant cows were 100.0% and 79.4%, and to detect the corpus luteum (CL) were 83.0% and 87.0%, respectively, their sensitivity increasing in the presence of the CL. The ELISA and barium chloride tests were 79.7% and 52.7% accurate in the diagnosis of pregnancy. The accuracy of the barium chloride test in CL detection increased to 81.0%, and that of the ELISA to 86.4%. There were no significant differences (P = 0.052) between the barium chloride assay and ELISA when they were utilised for the identification of the CL.ConclusionThe barium chloride test can be an inexpensive and time-saving alternative to ELISA in pregnancy diagnosis when the insemination date is known.

Simultaneous Determination of Epinephrine and Tyrosine Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode Amplified with ZnO-Pt/CNTs Nanocomposite

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Samadzadeh ◽  
Iran Sheikhshoaie ◽  
Hassan Karimi-Maleh
Keyword(s):  
Glassy Carbon Electrode ◽  
Glassy Carbon ◽  
Simultaneous Analysis ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Linear Dynamic ◽  
Biological Compounds ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
Human Blood And Urine

Background: Simultaneous analysis of epinephrine and tyrosine as two effective and important biological compounds in human blood and urine samples are very important for the investigation of human health. Objective: In this research, a highly effective voltammetric sensor fabricated for simultaneous analysis of epinephrine and tyrosine. The sensor was fabricated by the modification of glassy carbon electrode with ZnO-Pt/CNTs nanocomposite (ZnO-Pt/CNTs/GCE). The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by SEM method. The ZnO-Pt/CNTs/GCE showed two separated oxidation signals at potential ~220 mV and 700 mV for epinephrine and tyrosine, respectively. Also, we detected linear dynamic ranges 0.5-250.0 µM and 1.0-220 µM with a limit of detections 0.1 µM and 0.5 µM for the determination of epinephrine and tyrosine, respectively. The ZnO-Pt/CNTs/GCE was used for the determination of epinephrine and tyrosine in blood serum and human urine samples.

Nicotine and tyrosine detection in blood and urine samples using taurine/reactive blue-immobilized conducting polymer composite

2018 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 284-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Chul Lee ◽  
Hui-Bog Noh ◽  
Khalil K. Hussain ◽  
Su-Jin Min ◽  
Yoon-Bo Shim
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples

Evaluation of a Rapid Immunochromatographic test kit to the Gold Standard Fluorescent Antibody test for diagnosis of rabies in animals in Bhutan 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tenzin Tenzin ◽  
Kelzang Lhamo ◽  
Purna B Rai ◽  
Dawa Tshering ◽  
Pema Jamtsho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Percent Agreement ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Resource Poor

Abstract Background: Rabies kills approximately 59,000 people in the world each year worldwide. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of rabies is important for instituting rapid containment measures and for advising the exposed people for postexposure treatment. The application of a rapid diagnostic tests in the field can greatly enhance disease surveillance and diagnostic activities, especially in resource poor settings. In this study, a total of 179 brain tissue samples collected from different rabies suspect animal species (113 dogs, 50 cattle, 10 cats, 3 goats, 2 horses, and 1 bear) were selected and tested using both rapid immunochromatographic kit and the reference standard fluorescent antibody test (FAT). We evaluated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of a rapid antigen detection test kit produced by BioNote, Inc. (Hwaseong-si, Korea) relative to a FAT for its fit-for-purpose for confirmation of clinical cases of rabies for early response and enhancing rabies surveillance. Results: Among 179 samples examined in this study, there was a concordance in results by the rapid test and FAT in 115 positive samples and 54 negative samples. Test results were discordant in 10 samples which were positive by FAT, but negative (false negative) by rapid kit. The rapid test kit showed a sensitivity of 92% (95% CI: 85.9 – 95.6) and specificity of 100% (95% CI: 93.4 – 100) using FAT as the reference standard. The positive and negative predictive values were found to be 100% (95% CI:96.7 – 100) and 84.4% (95% CI: 73.6 – 91.3), respectively. Overall, there was 94.4% (95% CI: 90 – 96.9) test agreement between rapid test and FAT (Kappa value = 0.874) with a positive percent agreement and negative percent agreement of 92 and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: Our finding demonstrated that the rapid test kit (BioNote) can be used for rabies surveillance and confirming clinical case of rabies in animals for making rapid decisions particularly controlling rabies outbreaks in resource poor settings.

Significance of arsenic and lead in Hashimoto's thyroiditis demonstrated on thyroid tissue, blood, and urine samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 109538
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Stojsavljević ◽  
Branislav Rovčanin ◽  
Jovana Jagodić ◽  
Danijela Drašković Radojković ◽  
Ivan Paunović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples

A fast and simple approach for the quantification of 40 illicit drugs, medicines, and pesticides in blood and urine samples by UHPLC-MS/MS

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 600-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah C. W. S. E. Franco de Oliveira ◽  
Alexandre D. Zucoloto ◽  
Carolina D. R. de Oliveira ◽  
Edna M. M. Hernandez ◽  
Ligia V. G. Fruchtengarten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples

scholarly journals 1775. A Community-wide Study to Evaluate the Accuracy of Self-testing for Influenza: Works in Progress

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S654-S654
Author(s):  
Matthew Thompson ◽  
Monica L Zigman Suchsland ◽  
Victoria Lyon ◽  
Enos Kline ◽  
ShiChu Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nasal Swab ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Test Strip ◽  
Lateral Flow ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
Flow Test ◽  
Lateral Flow Test ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background Seasonal influenza (flu) occurs annually, causing disease with substantial morbidity and mortality. Currently, flu is suspected from clinical features, but requires a laboratory test to confirm infection. No influenza tests in the United States are approved for use outside of clinical settings. We aimed to determine the accuracy of influenza self-testing using an at-home, app-guided, lateral flow assay compared with a molecular reference standard conducted at a laboratory among adults self-reporting influenza-like illness (ILI). Methods This is an observational study of individuals with self-reported ILI throughout the continental 48 United States recruited from the Flu Near You platform, online marketing, and clinics in the Seattle area. Recruitment took place from March 4 to April 26, 2019. Participants were directed to an iPhone App that determined eligibility, consent, and responses to symptom questions and risk factors. Individuals were mailed a commercially available CLIA-waived influenza lateral flow test to conduct at home, guided by the app, and returned the used test along with a second nasal swab collected in viral transport media to the research team. Influenza testing was performed by RT–PCR on the second nasal swab, as well as the residual fluid from the RDT. Accuracy of home test result (read by the participant), as well as image capture of the lateral flow test strip, were compared with the lab-based reference standard. Results To date, 1127 at-home flu tests were mailed to participants and 711 (63.1%) samples returned to the lab. There were 17 flu-positive results from the rapid diagnostic test for a flu positivity rate of 2.4%. Testing using the reference standard is currently in progress. We will share diagnostic accuracy results once testing of the reference standard is completed. Of the kits returned, 353 (49.7%)had an error recorded, which included errors in return packaging, reference standard, rapid test tube sample, or rapid test strip errors. Conclusion Overall, findings from this study will determine the accuracy of an at-home rapid diagnostic test, and inform more widely research design for evaluating smartphone-enhanced home tests for pathogens. Many samples returned to the lab had a recorded error, suggesting at-home testing requires additional feasibility testing and refinement of the current methods used. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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