scholarly journals “A STUDY OF CLINICO RADIOLOGICALAND BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID PROFILE OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH ACQUIRED IMMUNO DEFICIENCY SYNDROME WITH LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS (LRTI).”

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-65
Author(s):  
Aneri Parekh ◽  
Jigna Dave
Keyword(s):  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Common Etiology ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Tract Infections

BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICANCE: Infection with HIV results in progressive immunodeficiency and renders the infected person become increasingly vulnerable to wide range of pathogens, referred to as Opportunistic Infections. Expert clinical assessment with early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are required for a positive outcome. Hence this study was planned. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: • To study the clinical, radiological, BAL fluid profile and common organisms responsible for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in PLHIV/AIDS who are sputum CBNAAT negative and have LRTI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: • Patients admitted to Respiratory Medicine Department, Sir T Hospital, Bhavnagar, from August 2019 to July 2020, were recruited based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.  Inclusion criteria:  Sputum CBNAAT negative PLHA patients aged >18 years with 4S symptoms positive (cough, fever, weight loss, night sweats) with abnormal chest X- ray.  Exclusion criteria:  Drowsy or comatose patients, pregnant females, severely hypoxic patients, patients requiring ICU admissions for cardiac, hepatic or renal disease. Detailed history taking, general and clinical examination was carried out and routine laboratory investigations were sent. Chest X-ray, CT Thorax and bronchoscopy were done. BAL fluid was sent for staining, CBNAAT, bacterial and fungal culture. RESULTS: Male preponderance is seen with cough (92%) as the most common presenting complaint, tachypnea (69%) and crepitations (77%) as most consistent signs. Most common X-ray and CT finding was consolidation (65%) with bilateral lower lobe preponderance (35%). Most common etiology was bacterial pneumonia (23%) and most common organism was pseudomonas (23%). Bacterial pneumonia and tuberculosis were more prevalent when CD4 count >350 cells/ cumm; Fungal pneumonia and PCP when CD4 count <350 cells/ cumm. CONCLUSION: Bacterial pneumonia is most common etiology with Pseudomonas aeruginosa being the most common etiological agent. The susceptibility for LRTI increases when CD4 count falls below 500 cells/ cumm.

scholarly journals Chest Ultrasound versus Chest X-Ray in Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 597-607
Author(s):  
Elham Saad Ellithey Elkhazragy ◽  
Saneya Abdel Halim Fahmy ◽  
Mona Sayed Mohammad Attaya ◽  
Ashraf Mohammad Abd Elrahman
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest Ultrasound ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Tract Infections

scholarly journals Clinical, Microbiological and Radiological Characterises of Lower Respiratory tract Infection in Children with Established Congenital Heart Diseases.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
Dr. Sandeep Bhaskar ◽  
◽  
Dr. Afzal K M ◽  
Dr. Manjunatha Babu R ◽  
Dr. Subramanya NK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Congenital Heart Diseases ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (ALRTI) is the most common cause of deathin children under five. Various demographic, socio-economic and environmental factors have beenassociated with ALRTI, with conflicting results. Children with congenital heart diseases are morevulnerable to lower respiratory tract infections following the fact that they had an anatomical defectthat causes hemodynamic disturbance of lung circulation and mucosal oedema finally leads todecreased lung compliance and recurrent lower respiratory tract infections. Methods: Children agedbetween1 month and 18 years with clinically established congenital heart disease confirmed byechocardiography and presenting with signs and symptoms suggestive of lower respiratory tractinfection were enrolled in the study. A detailed history was taken and routine blood investigationswere done in all cases. Chest X-Ray was done to confirm the clinical diagnosis. Results: Mean ageof the study subjects was 2 years. VSD was seen in 64.9% of cases while 10.5% of cases had VSDand ASD. The most common presenting symptoms were: cough (98.2%), reduced feeding (97.4%),fever (89.5%), running nose (67.5%) and wheeze (49.1%). Leucocytosis and raised ESR were seenin 66.7% and 64.9% cases respectively. In Throat swab Commensals were seen in 36% of caseswhile gram-positive cocci were seen in 3.5% cases respectively. In blood culture Streptococcuspneumoniae being the commonest organism isolated. Bilateral and unilateral opacities on chest x-ray were seen in 16.7% and 12.3% cases respectively. Conclusion: Bronchopneumonia was thecommonest LRTI in children with the predominance of VSD.

Treatment of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections with Amoxycillin/Clavulanic Acid in Adults

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Tatsis ◽  
M Veslemes ◽  
C Hadjistavrou ◽  
A Votsiou ◽  
J Jordanoglou
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Adverse Side Effect ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Acute Exacerbations ◽  
Sputum Volume ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Tract Infections

Patients with lower respiratory tract infections [pneumonia ( n = 16), bronchiectasis ( n = 5) and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis ( n = 44)] were treated daily with amoxycillin/clavulanic acid given either 1.2 g intravenously three times daily or 625 mg orally three times daily for 7–15 days. Symptoms, signs and sputum volume and colour were monitored daily. Chest X-ray, sputum culture and Gram-stain examinations were also carried out on days 1 and 5, and immediately after the end of the treatment. There was a clinical improvement, as indicated by the incidence of cough, dyspnoea and rales, and by sputum volume and colour in 90.8% of the patients. Microbiological improvement, as indicated by the complete elimination of sputum pathogens and pus cells, was achieved in the same proportion of patients (90.8%). In one patient, an adverse side-effect, diffuse exanthema, was noted. Amoxycillin/clavulanic acid possesses a high clinical and microbiological efficacy for lower respiratory tract infections.

scholarly journals Inter-observer agreement in interpreting chest X-rays on children with acute lower respiratory tract infections and concurrent wheezing

2007 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Bada ◽  
Nilton Yhuri Carreazo ◽  
Juan Pablo Chalco ◽  
Luis Huicho
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Observer Variation ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Emergency Ward ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Alveolar Infiltrate ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Tract Infections

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Many children with acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) present to the emergency ward with concurrent wheezing. A chest x-ray is often requested to rule out pneumonia. We assessed inter-observer agreement in interpreting x-rays on such children. DESIGNS AND SETTING: Prospective consecutive case study at Instituto de Salud del Niño, Lima, Peru. METHODS: Chest x-rays were obtained from eligible children younger than two years old with ALRI and concurrent wheezing who were seen in the emergency ward of a nationwide pediatric referral hospital. The x-rays were read independently by three different pediatric residents who were aware only that the children had a respiratory infection. All the children had received inhaled beta-adrenergic agonists before undergoing chest x-rays. Lobar and complicated pneumonia cases were excluded from the study. RESULTS: Two hundred x-rays were read. The overall kappa index was 0.2. The highest individual kappa values for specific x-ray findings ranged from 0.26 to 0.34 for rib horizontalization and from 0.14 to 0.31 for alveolar infiltrate. Inter-observer variation was intermediate for alveolar infiltrate (kappa 0.14 to 0.21) and for air bronchogram (kappa 0.13 to 0.23). Reinforcement of the bronchovascular network (kappa 0.10 to 0.16) and air trapping (kappa 0.05 to 0.20) had the lowest agreement. CONCLUSIONS: There was poor inter-observer agreement for chest x-ray interpretation on children with ALRI and concurrent wheezing seen at the emergency ward. This may preclude reliable diagnosing of pneumonia in settings where residents make management decisions regarding sick children. The effects of training on inter-observer variation need further studies.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN FOTO TORAKS PNEUMONIA DI BAGIAN/SMF RADIOLOGI FK UNSRAT / RSUP PROF. DR. R. D KANDOU MANADO PERIODE 1 APRIL – 30 SEPTEMBER 2015

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurpratiwi Langke ◽  
Ramli H. Ali ◽  
Martin L. Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Thoracic Wall ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Radiologic Diagnosis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Center

Background: acute lower respiratory tract Infections called (ISNBA) raises the number of pain and a high mortality and loss of productivity of work. ISNBA can be found in various forms, common is pneumonia. Pneumonia is a disease which many occurred that infects roughly 450 million people annually and occur throughout the world. This disease is a major cause of death in all groups that cause millions of deaths (7% of world total deaths) each year. This figure is most occurred in children aged less than 5 years old, and adults who are over 75 years old. Chest X-ray is the modality used to diagnose many conditions involving the thoracic wall and thoracic bone structure, located in the thoracic kavitas including the lungs, heart and great channels.Objective: to know the description of chest X-ray in people with pneumonia.Methods: This research is descriptive research study was conducted on November 2015 in Radiology Devision Faculty of medical Sam Ratulangy University/ General Hospital Center Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado.Results: there were 44 cases of pneumonia based on radiologic diagnosis. Most sufferers are male 24 people (55%), the largest age group is as many as 60 years > 12 people (27%), and the location of most pneumonia in pulmo dextra 24 cases (54%).Conclusion: Chest X-Ray images of pneumonia is more common in males withThe most dominant age is >60 years.Key Words: Pneumonia, chest X-rayLatar Belakang : Infeksi saluran napas bawah akut (ISNBA) menimbulkan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang tinggi serta kerugian produktivitas kerja. ISNBA dapat dijumpai dalam berbagai bentuk, tersering adalah pneumonia. Pneumonia adalah penyakit yang banyak terjadi yang menginfeksi kira-kira 450 juta orang per tahun dan terjadi di seluruh penjuru dunia. Penyakit ini merupakan penyebab utama kematian pada semua kelompok yang menyebabkan jutaan kematian (7% dari kematian total dunia) setiap tahun. Angka ini paling besar terjadi pada anak-anak yang berusia kurang dari 5 tahun, dan dewasa yang berusia lebih dari 75 tahun. Foto toraks merupakan modalitas yang digunakan untuk mendiagnosis banyak kondisi yang melibatkan dinding toraks, tulang toraks dan struktur yang berada di dalam kavitas toraks termasuk paru-paru, jantung dan saluran-saluran yang besar.Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui gambaran foto toraks pada penderita pneumonia.

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