scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Insecticide Resistance Status of Culex mosquitoes collected from blocked drainages in Lagos State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Okemena V. Agbor ◽  
Taiwo E. Idowu ◽  
Kayode I. Fagbohun ◽  
Amos T. Oyeniyi ◽  
Romoke T. Jimoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Culex Mosquito ◽  
Larval Habitats ◽  
Culex Mosquitoes ◽  
Lagos State

Background: Culex mosquitoes are important vectors of several human pathogens causing infections such as lymphatic filariasis and several viruses. Poor and blocked drainage system can lead to impediment in water flow, leading to the artificial creation of larval habitats for Culex mosquitoes. Culex mosquitoes has the ability to breed in organically polluted water bodies and exhibit high resistance to insecticides. Therefore, this study assessed the species and insecticides susceptibility status of Culex breeding in blocked drainages in Lagos State. Methods: Culex mosquito larvae were collected from blocked drainages in three Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Lagos State, Nigeria, using standard WHO technique. The physicochemical parameters of the larval habitats were also recorded. Collected mosquito larvae were raised to adult, 2-3 days old. Glucose fed adults female mosquitoes were exposed to permethrin (0.75%) and DDT (4.0%) WHO insecticide test papers. Morphological identification was carried out using standard keys and molecular identification of Culex pipiens sub-species and kdr genotyping was carried out using PCR Results: High level of resistance was recorded with mortality r ate after 24 hour s for DDT ranging from 20% to 32% while permethrin ranges from 14% to 36%. The pH of the all the Culex mosquito larva habitats ranges from 7.38±0.11 to 7.62±0.29, while TDS ranges from 592.6±79.1 to 655±68.1. A total of 1113 Culex pipiens mosquitoes that were identify morphologically, some were selected for molecular identification using PCR assays, out of which 96.2% were identified as Culex p. quinquefasciatus while 3.7% were unidentified. Knockdown mutation (L1014F) was not detected in DDT and pyrethroids resistant Cx. quinquefasciatus in this study. Conclusion: Unplanned ur banization, inadequate w ater su pply and inefficient solid w aste and sewage management practices can result in the creation artificial larval habitats for Culex mosquitoes leading to potential outbreak of Culex mosquito borne diseases. The resistance to DDT and permethrin insecticides in Cx. quinquefasciatus in Lagos State may represent a threat towards the efficacy of ITNs and other forms of vector control such as indoor residual spraying in the future.

scholarly journals Evaluation of AquatainTM monomolecular surface film against mosquito larvae of Culex pipiens in a full-grown rice field in Greece

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kioulos ◽  
G. Koliopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Short Side ◽  
Larval Habitats ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Summary The impact of the monomolecular surface fi lm AquatainTM against mosquito larvae was tested in a rice field in Central Greece. AquatainTM was poured in a 1.2 hectare rice paddy along the one side of the field. Laboratory reared mosquito larvae of Culex pipiens were introduced into cages placed in three different transects along the short side of the rice paddy. Larval mortality was counted 3, 6, 15 and 25 days after application. In the line located closer to the site of AquatainTM application, larval mortality ranged from 100% to 70%, 25 days after application. Mortality ranged from 88% to 25% in the middle transect and from 42%, to 10% in the more distant line. The results indicated that AquatainTM provides sufficient larval control in wide mosquito larval habitats

scholarly journals Gonoactivity of Culex (Culex) (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes During Winter in Temperate Argentina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Florencia Branda ◽  
Magdalena Laurito ◽  
Andrés Mario Visintin ◽  
Walter Ricardo Almirón
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Dry Ice ◽  
Culex Pipiens Pipiens ◽  
Host Seeking ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
The City

Abstract The subgenus Culex L. includes species involved in summer–autumn arbovirus transmission but studies during winter are scarce in temperate Argentina. Female specimens were collected host-seeking at dry-ice-baited traps during autumn–winter–spring at two sites in Córdoba City during 2016 and 2017. The specimens were morphologically identified and dissected to determine the follicular developmental stage (gonotrophic activity). Females with advanced follicular stages (≥III) were subjected to molecular procedures to confirm or re-identify previous morphological identification. Five species (Culex apicinus Philippi (Diptera: Culicidae), Culex dolosus (Lynch-Arribálzaga) (Diptera: Culicidae), Culex maxi Dyar (Diptera: Culicidae), Culex pipiens pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae), and Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)) were collected and found gonoactive during winter; showing that a high proportion of Culex (Culex) females remain reproductively active during the unfavorable season for mosquito populations. Among them, it is worth noting the collection of Cx. quinquefasciatus, vector of the St. Louis encephalitis virus (endemic in the city), a specimen of Cx. p. pipiens, and a hybrid of Cx. p. pipiens/Cx. quinquefasciatus (during autumn). The study of this community during winter should continue because a high gonoactive female proportion with advanced follicular stages was found: 29.12 and 13.07% in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Local studies such as this one provide evidence about ornithophilic Culex species with active year-round life cycles, species that could favor arbovirus overwintering.

scholarly journals Seasonal abundance and larval habitats characterization of mosquito species in Lagos State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. e00656
Author(s):  
Ifeoluwa Kayode Fagbohun ◽  
Emmanuel Taiwo Idowu ◽  
Taiwo Samson Awolola ◽  
Olubunmi Adetoro Otubanjo
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Larval Habitats ◽  
Lagos State

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular identification of phytophthora species from maple trees in Serbia

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Milenkovic ◽  
Justyna Nowakowska ◽  
Tomasz Oszako ◽  
Katarina Mladenovic ◽  
Aleksandar Lucic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Phytophthora Species ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
First Report ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Isolated Species

The paper presents the results of the study performed with aims to determine the presence and diversity of Phytophthora species on maple trees in Serbia. Due to high aggressiveness and their multicyclic nature, presence of these pathogens is posing significant threat to forestry and biodiversity. In total, 29 samples of water, soil and tissues were taken from 10 different localities, and six different maple hosts were tested. After the isolation tests, 17 samples from five different maple hosts were positive for the presence of Phytophthora spp., and 31 isolates were obtained. After the detailed morphological and physiological classification, four distinct groups of isolates were separated. DNA was extracted from selected representative isolates and molecular identification with sequencing of ITS region was performed. Used ITS4 and ITS6 primers successfully amplified the genomic DNA of chosen isolates and morphological identification of obtained isolates was confirmed after the sequencing. Four different Phytophthora species were detected, including P. cactorum, P. gonapodyides, P. plurivora and P. lacustris. The most common isolated species was homothallic, and with very variable and semipapillate sporangia, P. plurivora with 22 obtained isolates. This is the first report of P. plurivora and P. gonapodyides on A. campestre, P. plurivora and P. lacustris on Acer heldreichii and first report of P. lacustris on A. pseudoplatanus and A. tataricum in Serbia.

Adaptive growth reduction in response to fish kairomones allows mosquito larvae (Culex pipiens) to reduce predation risk

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Jourdan ◽  
Jasmin Baier ◽  
Rüdiger Riesch ◽  
Sven Klimpel ◽  
Bruno Streit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Fish Kairomones ◽  
Adaptive Growth

scholarly journals Lead levels of Culex mosquito larvae inhabiting lead utilizing factory

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kitvatanachai ◽  
C Apiwathnasorn ◽  
S Leemingsawat ◽  
W Wongwit ◽  
HJ Overgaard
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Culex Mosquito ◽  
Lead Levels

IMPROVED HIGH-THROUGHPUT METHOD FOR MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF CULEX MOSQUITOES

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
ILIA ROCHLIN ◽  
MICHAEL P. SANTORIELLO ◽  
RICHARD T. MAYER ◽  
SCOTT R. CAMPBELL
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Culex Mosquitoes ◽  
High Throughput Method

Species composition and abundance of mosquito larvae in relation with their habitat characteristics in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.H. Nikookar ◽  
M. Fazeli-Dinan ◽  
S. Azari-Hamidian ◽  
S.N. Mousavinasab ◽  
M. Arabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Larval Habitat ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Larval Habitats

AbstractMosquitoes transmit a variety of diseases to humans. Their abundance and distribution are related to the characteristics of larval habitats. Mosquito larvae were collected from 120 natural and artificial habitats in 30 villages of 16 counties using standard 350 ml dippers and pipette, on a monthly basis from May–December 2014 in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran. Larval habitat characteristics were recorded separately, based on the conditions of the habitats (permanent or temporary, stagnant or running), type of habitats (natural or artificial), vegetation, exposure to sun, type of bed, water condition (clear or turbid), expanse (m), depth (cm, m) and temperature (°C) of habitats. The relationship between larval density and environmental variables was assessed by Chi-square tests. Totally, 19,840 larvae from three genera and 16 species were collected and identified.Anopheles maculipennis s.l.andCulex pipienswere the dominant species and collected with the highest density in plain areas. The highest number of larvae were collected from natural habitats (60.34%), including; river edge, marsh, pit and wetlands; with temporary and stagnant water, expanse of 0–5 m, depth of 1–25 cm, without plant, shadow-sun, muddy floor, turbid water, temperature 20–25°C and in sunny conditions. River edge and rice fields forAn. maculipennis s.land, wetlands and discarded tires forCx. pipienswere the main larval habitats in the province. Statistical analysis revealed significant relation between occurrence ofAn. maculipennis s.l., Cx. pipiens, Culex torrentium, Culex mimeticusandCs. annulatawith each of the environmental variables (P< 0.001). These findings are essential in expanding our knowledge of the vectors ecology specially the type of habitat preference and will be beneficial in larval control programs.

Evaluation of species composition and seasonal dynamics of mosquito larvae in the Košice Basin during 2010 and 2011

Biologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Bocková ◽  
Alica Kočišová ◽  
Helena Hlavatá
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Aedes Vexans ◽  
Anopheles Maculipennis

AbstractIn six sites in the Košice Basin we collected 17,520 larvae of 15 mosquito species during the seasons (April–August) of 2010 and 2011. They were: Aedes vexans (Meigen, 1830), Ae. cinereus (Meigen, 1818) [or Ae. rossicus (Dolbeskin, Gorickaja & Mitrofanova, 1930], Ochlerotatus geniculatus (Olivier, 1791), Oc. refiki (Medschid, 1928), Oc. rusticus (Rossi, 1790), Oc. sticticus (Meigen, 1838), Oc. punctor (Kirby, 1837), Oc. cataphylla (Dyar, 1916), Oc. cantans (Meigen, 1818)[or Oc. annulipes (Meigen, 1830)], Oc. communis (De Geer, 1776), Oc. flavescens (Müller, 1764), Oc. leucomelas (Meigen, 1804), Culiseta annulata (Schrank, 1776), Culex pipiens (L., 1758) [or Cx. torrentium (Martini, 1925)] and Anopheles maculipennis s.l. The objective of the present research was to identify the mosquito larvae species diversity and compare their distribution and density in urban and suburban localities of the monitored territory.

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