scholarly journals Prediction of Radiated Emissions From a Power Converter by Measuring the Common-Mode Current in the Attached Cable

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
DENYS ZAIKIN ◽  
Stig Jonasen ◽  
Simon L. Mikkelsen
Keyword(s):  
Power Converters ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Analytic Equation ◽  
Common Mode ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Radiated Emissions ◽  
The Common

<div>Being able to predict radiated emissions before using an accredited laboratory can be both time-effective and cost-effective. This study presents a model for predicting radiated emissions from power converters by measuring the common mode current in the attached cable. When power converters are tested for radiated emissions, the attached cables tend to be thick because of the high currents they carry. Ideally, these cables leave the chamber through connectors in an opening positioned precisely at the middle of the bottom of the turntable in keeping with CISPR 32. However, these connectors are typically not intended for currents higher than 16 A. Consequently, such cables are usually inserted through the side wall of the chamber and are necessarily laid horizontally on the chamber floor. When the turntable is to be rotated with a device on it during a test, the length of the cable attached to the device can exceed 10 meters. The proposed model in this study is based on the transmission line model of a cable loaded with reactive impedance and the assumption that the current distribution along the cable follows a sinusoidal distribution law, much like in dipole antenna theory. The analytic equation of the radiation pattern is derived, and a simplified approximation equation has also been presented. The proposed model also works with short, attached cables and is thus universal. The Maxima software code for automated calculation of the radiated field from measurement data is supplied as supplemental material. The proposed model was experimentally validated by running the fuel cell converter module at 5 kW output power.</div>

Prediction of Radiated Emissions From a Power Converter by Measuring the Common-Mode Current in the Attached Cable

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
DENYS ZAIKIN ◽  
Stig Jonasen ◽  
Simon L. Mikkelsen
Keyword(s):  
Power Converters ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Analytic Equation ◽  
Common Mode ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Radiated Emissions ◽  
The Common

<div>Being able to predict radiated emissions before using an accredited laboratory can be both time-effective and cost-effective. This study presents a model for predicting radiated emissions from power converters by measuring the common mode current in the attached cable. When power converters are tested for radiated emissions, the attached cables tend to be thick because of the high currents they carry. Ideally, these cables leave the chamber through connectors in an opening positioned precisely at the middle of the bottom of the turntable in keeping with CISPR 32. However, these connectors are typically not intended for currents higher than 16 A. Consequently, such cables are usually inserted through the side wall of the chamber and are necessarily laid horizontally on the chamber floor. When the turntable is to be rotated with a device on it during a test, the length of the cable attached to the device can exceed 10 meters. The proposed model in this study is based on the transmission line model of a cable loaded with reactive impedance and the assumption that the current distribution along the cable follows a sinusoidal distribution law, much like in dipole antenna theory. The analytic equation of the radiation pattern is derived, and a simplified approximation equation has also been presented. The proposed model also works with short, attached cables and is thus universal. The Maxima software code for automated calculation of the radiated field from measurement data is supplied as supplemental material. The proposed model was experimentally validated by running the fuel cell converter module at 5 kW output power.</div>

scholarly journals Prediction of Radiated Emissions From a Power Converter by Measuring the Common-Mode Current in the Attached Cable

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
DENYS ZAIKIN ◽  
Stig Jonasen ◽  
Simon L. Mikkelsen
Keyword(s):  
Power Converters ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Analytic Equation ◽  
Common Mode ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Radiated Emissions ◽  
The Common

<div>Being able to predict radiated emissions before using an accredited laboratory can be both time-effective and cost-effective. This study presents a model for predicting radiated emissions from power converters by measuring the common mode current in the attached cable. When power converters are tested for radiated emissions, the attached cables tend to be thick because of the high currents they carry. Ideally, these cables leave the chamber through connectors in an opening positioned precisely at the middle of the bottom of the turntable in keeping with CISPR 32. However, these connectors are typically not intended for currents higher than 16 A. Consequently, such cables are usually inserted through the side wall of the chamber and are necessarily laid horizontally on the chamber floor. When the turntable is to be rotated with a device on it during a test, the length of the cable attached to the device can exceed 10 meters. The proposed model in this study is based on the transmission line model of a cable loaded with reactive impedance and the assumption that the current distribution along the cable follows a sinusoidal distribution law, much like in dipole antenna theory. The analytic equation of the radiation pattern is derived, and a simplified approximation equation has also been presented. The proposed model also works with short, attached cables and is thus universal. The Maxima software code for automated calculation of the radiated field from measurement data is supplied as supplemental material. The proposed model was experimentally validated by running the fuel cell converter module at 5 kW output power.</div>

scholarly journals Prediction of Radiated Emissions From a Power Converter by Measuring the Common-Mode Current in the Attached Cable

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
DENYS ZAIKIN ◽  
Stig Jonasen ◽  
Simon L. Mikkelsen
Keyword(s):  
Power Converters ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Analytic Equation ◽  
Common Mode ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Radiated Emissions ◽  
The Common

<div>Being able to predict radiated emissions before using an accredited laboratory can be both time-effective and cost-effective. This study presents a model for predicting radiated emissions from power converters by measuring the common mode current in the attached cable. When power converters are tested for radiated emissions, the attached cables tend to be thick because of the high currents they carry. Ideally, these cables leave the chamber through connectors in an opening positioned precisely at the middle of the bottom of the turntable in keeping with CISPR 32. However, these connectors are typically not intended for currents higher than 16 A. Consequently, such cables are usually inserted through the side wall of the chamber and are necessarily laid horizontally on the chamber floor. When the turntable is to be rotated with a device on it during a test, the length of the cable attached to the device can exceed 10 meters. The proposed model in this study is based on the transmission line model of a cable loaded with reactive impedance and the assumption that the current distribution along the cable follows a sinusoidal distribution law, much like in dipole antenna theory. The analytic equation of the radiation pattern is derived, and a simplified approximation equation has also been presented. The proposed model also works with short, attached cables and is thus universal. The Maxima software code for automated calculation of the radiated field from measurement data is supplied as supplemental material. The proposed model was experimentally validated by running the fuel cell converter module at 5 kW output power.</div>

scholarly journals Reliability of Boost PFC Converters with Improved EMI Filters

Electronics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoqi Zhu ◽  
Dongliang Liu ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Feng Qu
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Differential Mode ◽  
Conduction Path ◽  
Common Mode ◽  
Class B ◽  
The Common ◽  
Emi Filter ◽  
Stability Issues

The switching device in a power converter can produce very serious electromagnetic interference (EMI). In order to solve this problem and the associated reliability and stability issues, this article aimed to analyze and model the boost power factor correction (PFC) converter according to the EMI conduction path. The sources of common-mode (CM) and differential-mode (DM) noise of the boost PFC converter were analyzed, and the DM and CM equivalent circuits were deduced. Furthermore, high-frequency modeling of the common-mode inductor was developed using a precise model, and the EMI filter was designed. According to the Class B standard for EMI testing, it is better to restrain the EMI noise in the frequency range (150 kHz to 30 MHz) of the EMI conducted disturbance test. Using this method, a 2.4-kW PFC motor driving supply was designed, and the experimental results validate the analysis.

scholarly journals Open-Circuit Fault Analysis and Modeling for Power Converter Based on Single Arm Model

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Tao ◽  
Tao Peng ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Zhiwen Chen ◽  
Chunhua Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Converters ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Modeling Method ◽  
Fault Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Power Devices ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
Inputs And Outputs

This paper proposes a new modeling method for power converter based on single arm model. The objective of this paper is twofold: (1) One is to present the single arm model with good portability. The single arm model can be used to build the models of power converters which have several arms with the same structure; (2) the other is that the converter model built by the single arm model can represent the power converter when open-circuit faults happened in power devices and clamping diodes. First of all, the inputs and outputs of single arm are redefined. Then, the open-circuit faults occurring in different power devices and clamping diodes are analyzed. Furthermore the single arm model is built. Finally, the model of power converter is established based on the single arm model, which can express the power converter with open-circuit fault. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model have been verified by simulation and experiment results.

scholarly journals A Data-Driven Based Voltage Control Strategy for DC-DC Converters: Application to DC Microgrid

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumars Rouzbehi ◽  
Arash Miranian ◽  
Juan Manuel Escaño ◽  
Elyas Rakhshani ◽  
Negin Shariati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Power Converters ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Voltage Control ◽  
Operating Regime ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Duty Ratio ◽  
Voltage Control Strategy ◽  
Dc Microgrid

This paper develops a data-driven strategy for identification and voltage control for DC-DC power converters. The proposed strategy does not require a pre-defined standard model of the power converters and only relies on power converter measurement data, including sampled output voltage and the duty ratio to identify a valid dynamic model for them over their operating regime. To derive the power converter model from the measurements, a local model network (LMN) is used, which is able to describe converter dynamics through some locally active linear sub-models, individually responsible for representing a particular operating regime of the power converters. Later, a local linear controller is established considering the identified LMN to generate the control signal (i.e., duty ratio) for the power converters. Simulation results for a stand-alone boost converter as well as a bidirectional converter in a test DC microgrid demonstrate merit and satisfactory performance of the proposed data-driven identification and control strategy. Moreover, comparisons to a conventional proportional-integral (PI) controllers demonstrate the merits of the proposed approach.

scholarly journals A Simplified Frequency Model for Industrial Common-Mode Chocks Used in High-Power Converters

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Seyed Fariborz Zarei ◽  
Saeed Khankalantary
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
High Power ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Power Converters ◽  
Nonlinear Frequency ◽  
Frequency Model ◽  
Common Mode ◽  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Emi Filters

This paper proposes a simplified analytical model for electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters used in high-power converters. Highpower converters produce radio frequency conducted noise because they use high-frequency switching in the range of a few kHz to tens of kHz. The noise propagates into the power grid, which disturbs the functionality of the radio frequency apparatuses. Well-known standards, such as CISPR, provide the measurement and assessment methodologies for these devices. Moreover, the emission level of the noise is restricted at the source side. Using EMI filters is the most effective approach for dealing with this issue. However, due to the nonlinear nature of the common-mode (CM) cores, the modeling of the cores is a complicated task, which makes the selection and design of the filters less than optimal. In this paper, an analytical modeling of the CM filters is provided to suit the nonlinear frequency-dependent behavior of the CM cores. The simplicity of the proposed model makes it a very suitable choice for inclusion in the design procedures, which results in a more accurate and optimum filter selection among the many available commercial industrial filters. To validate the proposed model, the frequency-dependent model obtained is verified by experimental tests with a commercial CM choke. According to the results, the proposed model accurately describes the actual EMI filter behavior.

scholarly journals Mitigation of Common Mode Voltage Issues in Electric Vehicle Drive Systems by Means of an Alternative AC-Decoupling Power Converter Topology

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 3349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endika Robles ◽  
Markel Fernandez ◽  
Edorta Ibarra ◽  
Jon Andreu ◽  
Iñigo Kortabarria
Keyword(s):  
Power Converters ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Switching Frequency ◽  
Common Mode ◽  
Common Mode Voltage ◽  
High Switching Frequency ◽  
Three Phase

Electric vehicles (EV) are gaining popularity due to current environmental concerns. The electric drive, which is constituted by a power converter and an electric machine, is one of the main elements of the EV. Such machines suffer from common mode voltage (CMV) effects. The CMV introduces leakage currents through the bearings, leading to premature failures and reducing the propulsion system life cycles. As future EV power converters will rely on wide bandgap semiconductors with high switching frequency operation, CMV problems will become more prevalent, making the research on CMV mitigation strategies more relevant. A variety of CMV reduction methods can be found in the scientific literature, such as the inclusion of dedicated filters and the implementation of specific modulation techniques. However, alternative power converter topologies can also be introduced for CMV mitigation. The majority of such power converters for CMV mitigation are single-phase topologies intended for photovoltaic applications; thus, solutions in the form of three-phase topologies that could be applied to EVs are very limited. Considering all these, this paper proposes alternative three-phase topologies that could be exploited in EV applications. Their performance is compared with other existing proposals, providing a clear picture of the available alternatives, emphasizing their merits and drawbacks. From this comprehensive study, the benefits of a novel AC-decoupling topology is demonstrated. Moreover, an adequate modulation technique is also investigated in order to exploit the benefits of this topology while considering a trade-off between CMV mitigation, efficiency, and total harmonic distortion (THD). In order to extend the results of the study close to the real application, the performance of the proposed AC-decoupling topology is simulated using a complete and accurate EV model (including vehicle dynamics and a detailed propulsion system model) by means of state-of-the-art digital real-time simulation.

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