scholarly journals SIMULASI MODEL DISPERSI POLUTAN KARBON MONOKSIDA DI JALAN LAYANG ( Studi Kasus Line Source Di Jalan Layang Waru, Sidoarjo)

Author(s):  
Endrayana Putut L.E.

Abstrak Polusi udara adalah masalah yang sangat penting karena berkaitan dengan penyakit akibat emisi kendaraan bermotor, yang mengandung SO2, CO2, CO, NOx, dan gas – gas lainnya. Simulasi model dispersi udara adalah salah satu cara/metode untuk mempelajari kualitas udara yang sangat dibutuhkan dalam hal ini. Pada penelitian ini dibahas tentang model matematika dari dispersi emisi gas CO dari kendaraan bermotor roda empat yang melewati jalan layang Waru, Sidoarjo. Persamaan Gauss untuk line source disusun berdasarkan mekanisme transpor polutan secara dispersi, difusi dan adveksi. Dari persamaan tersebut dapat dihitung nilai konsentrasi gas CO untuk ketinggian tertentu secara downwind. Validasi model dilakukan dengan membandingkan konsentrasi gas CO hasil perhitungan model dengan hasil pengukuran konsentrasi gas CO di lapangan. Dengan menggunakan uji R2 diperoleh nilai R2 yang mendekati satu. Karena itu model Gaussian line source digunakan sebagai model dispersi polutan CO. Model ini selanjutnya diselesaikan dan disimulasikan dengan komputer menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Fortran dan divisualisasikan menggunakan perangkat lunak Surfer. Hasil pemodelan menunjukkan bahwa model Gaussian line source dapat digunakan untuk memodelkan pola dispersi gas CO di ketinggian tertentu secara downwind di jalan layang Waru, Sidoarjo. Hasil visualisasi bulan Juni menunjukkan bahwa pola dispersi gas CO dipengaruhi oleh arah dan kecepatan angin. Konsentrasi CO pada malam hari lebih tinggi daripada pada siang hari. Dari pola dispersi CO, diusulkan agar di sekitar jalan layang terdapat ruang udara terbuka yang cukup agar bahaya yang ditimbulkan dari polutan CO yang teremisi dari sumber emisinya dapat diminimalkan. Kata Kunci : model line source, layang Waru, CO Abstract Air pollutant is the most important problem because it conducted the illness about vehicle emissions that contained SO2, CO2, CO, NOx, and other gases. The simulation of air dispersion was one model that needed to learn about air quality. In this research, we are interested at fly over Waru, Sidoarjo. The Gaussian equation for line source model was contructed with pollutant transport mechanism by dispersion, diffusion, and advection. We can get the concentration of the CO at the specific height by downwind. The model validation by compared the result of using formula and investigation at various times. By using R2test, we got it value was closed to one. The model are finished and simulated by using Fortran language programme and visualized bu using Surfer. The result of model described that the Gaussian line source model can be used to modeled the dispersion of CO at the specific height by downwind at the fly over Waru, Sidoarjo. The visualization at April showed that the dispersion of CO influenced by direction and speed of the wind. The concentration of CO at night was greater than at mid-day. We suggest that there were enough space around the fly over, suppose to minimize the effect of the pollution. Keywords: content, formatting, article.

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (24) ◽  
pp. 4099-4107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Régis Briant ◽  
Irène Korsakissok ◽  
Christian Seigneur

Geothermics ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. Bandos ◽  
Álvaro Montero ◽  
Esther Fernández ◽  
Juan Luis G. Santander ◽  
José María Isidro ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Gregory P. Junker ◽  
Allen W. Glisson ◽  
Ahmed A. Kishk

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (25) ◽  
pp. 31184-31201
Author(s):  
Patrick Amoatey ◽  
Hamid Omidvarborna ◽  
Mahad Said Baawain ◽  
Abdullah Al-Mamun

1981 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 335-362
Author(s):  
B. Rowshandel ◽  
S. Nemat-Nasser ◽  
R. B. Corotis

abstract Different seismic source models are used to estimate regional seismic hazard. Commonly used point, line, and area seismic sources are considered in addition to a new method which is obtained by modifying the line source model to take into account the uncertainty associated with the exact location of the line (i.e., fault). The results are presented in terms of cumulative functions of peak ground acceleration for major sites in the Azerbaijan Province of northwest Iran. Iso-acceleration maps for two different return periods are also developed for each seismic source model and a comparison is made among the results of the models. The point source model is shown to be unrealistic when used to model large shocks (Ms > 6.5), which correspond to long ruptures. The model cannot incorporate the fault length, thus ignoring possible spatial migration of seismicity along the fault. In addition, the actual attenuation of ground motion departs considerably from that associated with point source assumption. The conventional line source model, while providing a good representation of vertical strike-slip faults, cannot accurately model the seismicity in other cases, such as reverse faults in general, and thrust (low angle reverse) faults in particular. Epicenters for these latter cases do not lie along a line, as they do in case of vertical strike-slip faults. The area source model is used for those cases where the distribution of earthquake epicenters in a region does not follow any identifiable geological fault pattern. The spatial migration of seismicity along an active fault during a given exposure time is of vital importance in seismic hazard analysis. An analysis based on an area source model corresponds to assuming this migration will be equal in all directions. The theory of plate tectonics, however, suggests an elongated narrow zone corresponding to each fault. A fault line model is developed which exhibits less sensitivity of near-field ground motion to precise fault location than the line source model. This model is referred to as the strip source model. According to this model, the seismicity on a fault is spatially distributed in a long and narrow zone along the margins of the corresponding plates or microplates, and decreases with distance from the fault on either side. It is believed that this kind of modeling closely represents the seismicity corresponding to interplate earthquakes, especially when the type of faulting is thrust. Uncertainties due to the location and orientation of faults will be considerable, particularly for the buried faults, and these uncertainties can be incorporated in the strip source model.


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