scholarly journals Evaluasi Hydraulic Retention Time (Hrt) Terhadap Removal Chemical Demand (Cod) Dalam Pengolahan Air Lindi Menggunakan Aerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor (AFBR)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Elli Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Start Up

Sampah merupakan masalah utama disetiap kota besar di indonesia. Tumpukan sampah menghasilkan air lindi dengan kandungan organik yang tinggi. Beban organik yang tinggi dan meningkatnya laju alir lindi memerlukan kolam aerasi yang luas untuk mengolah lindi. Salah satu metode pengolahan air lindi yang tepat dan efisien dengan menggunakan proses anaerobik. Anaerobic Fludized Bed Reaktor (AFBR) merupakan salah satu reactor anaerobic dengan efisiensi tinggi. Zeolit digunakan sebagai media imobilisasi bakteri untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pengolahan secara anaerobic pada reactor AFBR. Penyesuaian model kinetika dilakukan pada tahap awal menggunakan data reactor fase batch untuk diaplikasikan pada AFBR fase continyu. Model kinetika untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) terhadap removal Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) AFBR dengan zeolit sebagai media imobilisasi. Eksperimen dilakukan dalam tiga fase, yaitu fase batch, fase start-up, dan fase steady state. Fase batch bertujuan untuk menentukan konstanta model kinetika. Fase start-up bertujuan untuk memverifikasi konstanta model yang ditentukan dengan data batch pada AFBR saat masa start up. Fase steady state bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh HRT selama reactor beroperasi. Reaktor AFBR mencapai kondisi steady state tercepat pada HRT 10 dengan removal COD 73,40%. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa mikroorganisme tidak mengalami washout bahkan pada laju beban organik yang lebih tinggi sehingga mikroorganisme dapat menstabilkan populasinya. Data menunjukkan bahwa sCOD effluen (SCODeff) lindi TPA Piyungan mencapai nilai terendah pada kisaran 2.000 – 2.500 mg/L, Produksi biogas mengikuti fluktuasi nilai sCODeff. Pada kondisi steady state, nilai ini tidak dipengaruhi oleh HRT.

scholarly journals Effect of hydraulic retention time on chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen removal in intermittently aerated constructed wetlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Pires da Silva ◽  
Gabriela Barbosa da Costa ◽  
João Gabriel Thomaz Queluz ◽  
Marcelo Loureiro Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Intermittent Aeration

   This study evaluated the effect of hydraulic retention time on chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) removal in an intermittently aerated constructed wetlands. Two horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands were used: one without aeration and the other aerated intermittently (1 hour with aeration/7 hours without aeration). Both systems were evaluated treating domestic wastewater produced synthetically. The flow rate into the two CWs was 8.6 L day-1 having a hydraulic retention time of 3 days. The results show that the intermittently aerated constructed wetland were highly efficient in removing COD (98.25%), TN (83.60%) and total phosphorus (78.10%), while the non-aerated constructed wetland showed lower efficiencies in the removal of COD (93.89%), TN (48.60%) and total phosphorus (58.66). These results indicate, therefore, that intermittent aeration allows the simultaneous occurrence of nitrification and denitrification processes, improving the removal of TN in horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands. In addition, the use of intermittent aeration also improves the performance of constructed wetlands in removing COD and total phosphorus.

scholarly journals Efektivitas IPAL portabel sebagai alternatif pengelolaan limbah cair domestik

2019 ◽  
pp. 235-243
Author(s):  
Ika Bagus Priyambada ◽  
Purwono Purwono
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand

Di Indonesia, selain sebagai saluran air alamiah, sungai sering pula digunakan sebagai tempat pembuangan air limbah kegiatan rumah tangga (domestik). Penggunaan teknologi yang efisien dan alami merupakan solusi sederhana dan murah untuk mengolah air limbah domestik dengan sistem desentralisasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengolah air limbah domestik menggunakan IPAL portabel dengan dimensi kecil, sehingga aplikatif untuk skala rumah tangga. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Lingkungan, Departemen Teknik Lingkungan, Universitas Diponegoro selama 3 bulan. Metode penelitian menggunakan IPAL portabel untuk mengolah air limbah domestik skala rumah tangga dengan sistem kontinu. Limbah domestik berasal dari kantin kampus Universitas Diponegoro. IPAL portabel menggunakan sistem kombinasi anaerob-aerob yang dilengkapi dengan bak penampung limbah awal, bak penangkap lemak dan bak efluen. Waktu tinggal hidrolis atau Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) dilakukan pada 3 variasi yaitu 4 jam, 8 jam dan 12 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi amoniak mengalami penurunan terbesar pada HRT 12 jam dengan efisiensi penyisihan sebesar 60%. Konsentrasi awal sebesar 40,99 mg/l turun menjadi 16,4 mg/l. Konsentrasi Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) dan minyak & lemak juga mengalami penurunan terbesar pada HRT 12 jam, masing-masing turun sebesar 71% dan 91% dari konsentrasi awal. IPAL portabel ini paling efektif dalam menyisihkan minyak & lemak.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Archaeal and Bacterial Communities in Response to Variations of Hydraulic Retention Time in an Integrated Anaerobic Fluidized-Bed Membrane Bioreactor Treating Benzothiazole Wastewater

Archaea ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Qi Hu ◽  
Da-Wen Gao
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Miseq Platform

An integrated anaerobic fluidized-bed membrane bioreactor (IAFMBR) was investigated to treat synthetic high-strength benzothiazole wastewater (50 mg/L) at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24, 18, and 12 h. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency (from 93.6% to 90.9%), the methane percentage (from 70.9% to 69.27%), and the methane yield (from 0.309 m3 CH4/kg·CODremoved to 0.316 m3 CH4/kg·CODremoved) were not affected by decreasing HRTs. However, it had an adverse effect on membrane fouling (decreasing service period from 5.3 d to 3.2 d) and benzothiazole removal efficiency (reducing it from 97.5% to 82.3%). Three sludge samples that were collected on day 185, day 240, and day 297 were analyzed using an Illumina® MiSeq platform. It is striking that the dominant genus of archaea was always Methanosaeta despite of HRTs. The proportions of Methanosaeta were 80.6% (HRT 24), 91.9% (HRT 18), and 91.2% (HRT 12). The dominant bacterial genera were Clostridium in proportions of 23.9% (HRT 24), 16.4% (HRT 18), and 15.3% (HRT 12), respectively.

Start-Up Operation and Hydraulic Retention Time Selectivity for Palm Oil Mill Wastewater at Mesophilic Temperature in Anaerobic Suspended Growth Closed Bioreactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 1330-1334
Author(s):  
Yee Shian Wong ◽  
Tjoon Tow Teng ◽  
Soon An Ong ◽  
Morad Norhashimah ◽  
Mohd Rafatullah
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Anaerobic Degradation ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Anaerobic Bioreactor ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Pome Wastewater

The start-up operation and hydraulic retention time (HRT) selectivity of anaerobic degradation for palm oil mill effluent (POME) wastewater was carried out in an anaerobic bioreactor. HRT between 35 and 5 days were investigated. The start-up process for the anaerobic degradation of POME wastewater was found to be completed after 40 days of operation. This study also recommended that the anaerobic degradation of POME wastewater should be operated at the HRT between 35 and 10 days without acid risk. The performance of anaerobic bioreactor could reach 90.55% - 87.55% chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction, 0.06 - 0.40 ratio between volatile fatty acid (VFA) and alkalinity (Alk), -368.2 mV to-445.80 mV of oxygen reduction potential (ORP) and 9.08 - 37.2 liters of biogas production, respectively.

Biodegradation of Wool Scouring Effluent on a Laboratory Scale

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2101-2104 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Oellermann ◽  
T. Ronen ◽  
V. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Rotating Biological Contactor ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor ◽  
Biomass Retention ◽  
Aerobic Reactor ◽  
Mixed Systems

A continuously fed, sequential anaerobic-aerobic-aerobic reactor system was used to treat wool scouring effluent. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the anaerobic reactor was reduced from 30500 mg/ℓ to 3000-5000 mg/ℓ. In the first aerobic reactor this was further reduced to 1200-1800 mg COD/l. The final discharge from the second aerobic reactor had a COD of 500-1000 mg/ℓ at a hydraulic retention time of 2-3 d. Nitrification was erratic but sufficient to reduce the ammonia-N to levels of 20 mg/ℓ and less. Mixed liquor suspended solids and volatile suspended solids could be maintained at sufficiently high levels in completely mixed systems and efficient biomass retention in the aerobic rotating biological contactor resulted in an overall removal of 98.4% COD.

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