Evaluation of the Autonomic Nervous System Changes and Temporal-Spatial Gait Analysis in Patients with Ischemic Stroke Subjected to Neurorehabilitation Conventional Methods and Using Special. Literature Revie

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Sebastian Szyper ◽  
Paweł Zalewski
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Global Literature ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Gait Quality ◽  
Therapeutic Concepts ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Quality Material

Introduction: The persistent high rate of disability in people after stroke in Poland and globally requires continuous analysis of the effectiveness of rehabilitation. This review of the global literature analyzes the effectiveness of two therapeutic concepts in relation to changes in the autonomic nervous system and gait quality. Material and Methods: We searched PubMed for available literature using keywords. The search included literature available in English between January 2000 and June 2017. Results: Most studies described in this literature review did not show any significant advantage in terms of effectiveness of neurorehabilitation methods over conventional ones. Conclusions: The effectiveness of rehabilitation focuses mainly on modulating brain plasticity associated with neurologic deficits in the central nervous system, ignoring the autonomic nervous system.

scholarly journals Fractal fluctuations in the cardiovascular dynamical system : from the autonomic control to the central nervous system influence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asif Hasan Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Dynamic Feature ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Factorization Technique ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The fractal component in the complex fluctuations of the human heart rate represents a dynamic feature that is widely observed in diverse fields of natural and artificial systems. It is also of clinical significance as the diminishing of the fractal dynamics appears to correlate with heart disease processes and adverse cardiac events in old age. While the autonomic nervous system directly controls the pacemaker cells of the heart, it does not provide an immediate characterization of the complex heart rate variability (HRV). The central nervous system (CNS) is known to be an important modulator for various cardiac functions. However, its role in the fractal HRV is largely unclear. In this research, human experiments were conducted to study the influence of the central nervous system on fractal dynamics of healthy human HRV. The head up tilt (HUT) maneuver is used to provide a perturbation to the autonomic nervous system. The subsequent fractal effect in the simultaneously recorded electroencephalography and beat-to-beat heart rate data was examined. Using the recently developed multifractal factorization technique, the common multifractality in the data fluctuation was analyzed. An empirical relationship was uncovered which shows the increase (decrease) in HRV multifractality is associated with the increase (decrease) in multifractal correlation between scale-free HRV and the cortical expression of the brain dynamics in 8 out of 11 healthy subjects. This observation is further supported using surrogate analysis. The present findings imply that there is an integrated central-autonomic component underlying the cortical expression of the HRV fractal dynamics. It is proposed that the central element should be incorporated in the fractal HRV analysis to gain a more comprehensive and better characterization of the scale-free HRV dynamics. This study provides the first contribution to the HRV multifractal dynamics analysis in HUT. The multivariate fractal analysis using factorization technique is also new and can be applied in the more general context in complex dynamics research.

Bladder Problems

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Eric Ahlskog
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Neurogenic Bladder ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Bladder Function ◽  
System Control ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Urinary problems occur with normal aging. In women they often relate to the changes in female anatomy due to the delivering of babies. With superimposed age-related changes in soft tissues, laxity may result in incontinence (loss of urinary control), especially with coughing, laughing, or straining. In men the opposite symptom tends to occur: urinary hesitancy (inability to evacuate the bladder). This is due to constriction of the bladder outlet by an enlarging prostate; the prostate normally surrounds the urethra, through which urine passes. DLB and PDD are often associated with additional bladder problems. Recall that the autonomic nervous system regulates bladder function and that this system tends to malfunction in Lewy disorders. Hence, reduced bladder control is frequent among those with DLB, PDD, and Parkinson’s disease. This condition is termed neurogenic bladder, which implies that the autonomic nervous system control of bladder reflexes is not working properly. This may manifest as urgency with incontinence or hesitancy. Neurogenic bladder problems require different strategies than those used for treating the simple age-related problems that develop in mid-life and beyond. Moreover, there are certain caveats to treatment once a neurogenic bladder is recognized. The bladder is simply a reservoir that holds urine. It is located in the lower pelvis and is distant from the kidneys. The kidneys essentially filter the circulating blood and make the urine. The urine flows down from the kidneys into the bladder, as shown in Figure 14.1. Normally, as the bladder slowly fills with urine, a reflex is triggered when it is nearly full. This results in conscious awareness of the need to urinate, plus it primes the reflexive tendency of the bladder to contract in order to expel the urinary contents. The bladder is able to contract because of muscles in the bladder walls. Normally, nerves activate these muscles at the appropriate time, which forcefully squeeze the bladder, expelling the urine. Nerve sensors in the bladder wall are activated by bladder filling and transmit this information to the central nervous system, ramping up bladder wall muscle activity.

Serotonin Syndrome

2019 ◽  
pp. 467-471
Author(s):  
Kevin T. Gobeske ◽  
Eelco F. M. Wijdicks
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Serotonin Syndrome ◽  
Neuromuscular System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Serotonin Toxicity

Serotonin syndrome affects the central nervous system, the autonomic nervous system, and the neuromuscular system and can have acute and potentially life-threatening manifestations. By definition, serotonin syndrome is associated with changes in serotonin exposure and thus might be described more accurately as serotonergic excess or serotonin toxicity. The central nervous system effects of serotonin involve regulation of attention, arousal, mood, learning, appetite, and temperature.

The Role of Neuroplasticity in the Treatment of Cognitive Impairments by Means Multifactor Neuro-Electrostimulation of the Segmental level of the Autonomic Nervous System

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s770-s770 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Petrenko ◽  
V. Kublanov ◽  
K. Retyunskiy
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cervical Ganglia ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Inattention And Hyperactivity

Introduction.Cognitive deficit is a consequence of organic lesions of the central nervous system. Activation of neuroplasticity is a way of effective treatment. There is a suppose that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) involves in the regulation of neuroplasticity.Objectives.We developed a technology for non-invasive electrical stimulate segmental and suprasegmental parts of ANS [1].Methods.Developed technology is implemented in the “SYMPATHOCOR–01” device. The device produces spatially distributed field of current pulses between two multiple electrodes located on the neck. The targets of impact are cervical ganglia of the sympathetic trunk and vagus nerve.Results.The restoration of blood supply in artificial ischemia calf muscles and recovery of behavior patterns during acute phase of the adjustment disorder were received as a result of application technology in experiments on rats [2]. An increase global neurometabolic activity on SPECT was shown in clinical studies [2]. Application device for two weeks in children with ADHD led to reduction of inattention and hyperactivity symptoms [2].Conclusion.We suggest that the demonstrated clinical effects are the results of activate of neuroplasticity by impact on ANS structures. It is necessary to conduct fundamental studies by means of neurovisualization methods (fMRI, PET) for the confirmation action of these mechanisms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals On the question of the effect of morphine on the central nervous system

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-302
Author(s):  
A. I. Smirnov ◽  
L. D. Olefirenko
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Relationship

In our laboratory, much attention is paid to the effect of morphine on dogs, since its use made it possible to establish extremely important facts that brought a lot of clarity to the study of the relationship between meleda by the autonomic nervous system and the activity of the cerebral cortex.

scholarly journals DYSFUNCTION OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IN EPILEPSY

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-123
Author(s):  
Beata Łabuz-Roszak ◽  
Iwona Mańka-Gaca
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Generalized or partial epileptic seizures may be accompanied by autonomic dysfunction. They may also take the form of self-inflicted seizures or be present during interictal period. Arrhythmias, resulting in haemodynamic disturbances in the circulatory system and prolonged hypoxia of the central nervous system, may itself provoke secondary episodes of seizure morphology. The doctor when diagnosing patients with epileptic seizures should always be aware of the potential for cardiogenic disorders. Consideration should be given to the effect of epilepsy on the structure of the autonomic nervous system, the effect of antiepileptic drugs, and the potential for mutations within the ion channels.

scholarly journals High rate of autonomic neuropathy in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Pablo ◽  
P. Pamplona ◽  
M. Haddad ◽  
I. Benavente ◽  
A. Latorre-Pellicer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Sympathetic Skin Response ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cornelia De Lange Syndrome ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Cornelia De Lange

Abstract Background Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by typical facial features, growth failure, limb abnormalities, and gastroesophageal dysfunction that may be caused by mutations in several genes that disrupt gene regulation early in development. Symptoms in individuals with CdLS suggest that the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is involved, yet there is little direct evidence. Method Somatic nervous system was evaluated by conventional motor and sensory nerve conduction studies and autonomic nervous system by heart rate variability, sympathetic skin response and sudomotor testing. CdLS Clinical Score and genetic studies were also obtained. Results Sympathetic skin response and sudomotor test were pathological in 35% and 34% of the individuals with CdLS, respectively. Nevertheless, normal values in large fiber nerve function studies. Conclusions Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction is found in many individuals with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome, and could be related to premature aging.

HYPERTENSION IN POLIOMYELITIS WITH RESPIRATORY PARALYSIS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1951 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-536
Author(s):  
L. W. SENNETT ◽  
M. A. PERLSTEIN ◽  
M. B. ANDELMAN ◽  
H. E. BARNETT ◽  
H. JOSEPHY
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Respiratory Involvement ◽  
Sustained Hypertension ◽  
The Central Nervous System

A case of sustained hypertension complicating acute protracted poliomyelitis with respiratory involvement is presented. Data of studies of the autonomic nervous system and the kidneys are given. Complete necropsy findings, including detailed examination of the central nervous system, are presented. The role played by the nervous system and kidney is discussed, and it is suggested that in this case the hypertension probably was due to neurogenic factors.

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