Effects of Dwarf Gene Rht_NM9 on Contents of Endogenous Hormone Regulating Plant Height of Common Wheat

Plant height is a vital agronomic trait that greatly determines crop yields because of the close relationship between plant height and lodging resistance. Legumes play a unique role in the worldwide agriculture; however, little attention has been given to the molecular basis of their height. Here, we characterized the first dwarf mutant mini plant 1 (mnp1) of the model legume plant Medicago truncatula. Our study found that both cell length and the cell number of internodes were reduced in a mnp1 mutant. Using the forward genetic screening and subsequent whole-genome resequencing approach, we cloned the MNP1 gene and found that it encodes a putative copalyl diphosphate synthase (CPS) implicated in the first step of gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis. MNP1 was highly homologous to Pisum sativum LS. The subcellular localization showed that MNP1 was located in the chloroplast. Further analysis indicated that GA3 could significantly restore the plant height of mnp1-1, and expression of MNP1 in a cps1 mutant of Arabidopsis partially rescued its mini-plant phenotype, indicating the conservation function of MNP1 in GA biosynthesis. Our results provide valuable information for understanding the genetic regulation of plant height in M. truncatula.

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Correction to: Dissection of two quantitative trait loci with pleiotropic effects on plant height and spike length linked in coupling phase on the short arm of chromosome 2D of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Theoretical and Applied Genetics ◽

10.1007/s00122-019-03420-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 132 (11) ◽

pp. 3223-3223 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lingling Chai ◽

Zhaoyan Chen ◽

Ruolin Bian ◽

Huijie Zhai ◽

Xuejiao Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Plant Height ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Pleiotropic Effects ◽

Spike Length ◽

Coupling Phase ◽

Trait Loci

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Identification and Validation of a Novel Major Quantitative Trait Locus for Plant Height in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Frontiers in Genetics ◽

10.3389/fgene.2020.602495 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Zhiqiang Wang ◽

Haiyan Hu ◽

Xiaojun Jiang ◽

Yang Tao ◽

Yu Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Quantitative Trait Locus ◽

Plant Height ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Major Quantitative Trait Locus ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Trait Locus

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PERFORMANCE OF HYBRID POPULATIONS DERIVED FROM CROSSES OF SUBSTITUTION LINES OF COMMON WHEAT

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g71-116 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 816-821

Author(s):

Sadeque U. Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Kernel Number ◽

Substitution Lines ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽

Quantitative Characters

The recipient variety 'Chinese Spring', chromosome substitution lines 1B of Timstein' and 4A of 'Thatcher', and donor varieties Timstein and Thatcher were studied with respect to six quantitative characters, viz. earliness, plant height, tiller number per plant, kernel number per spike, 1000-kernel weight and total grain yield per plant. Heterosis was observed for all characters; however, the degree and direction of heterosis varied for different characters and for different hybrid populations. Evidence for significant improvement in kernel weight and total grain yield per plant combined with early heading and short plant height were obtained. Evidence was obtained indicating that substitution lines may be effective breeding materials in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding programs.

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Effect of wheat genotype on the phenotype of wheat × jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) hybrids

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/ws-05-160r.1 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 690-694 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maqsood Rehman ◽

Jennifer L. Hansen ◽

Jack Brown ◽

William Price ◽

Robert S. Zemetra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Spike Length ◽

Leaf Width ◽

Wheat Genotype ◽

Jointed Goatgrass ◽

Flag Leaf Width ◽

The Cross ◽

Wheat Parent

Jointed goatgrass is a troublesome weed in winter wheat in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Wheat and jointed goatgrass (JGG) can cross and produce hybrids in the field that can serve as a potential bridge for gene migration between the two species. To determine the potential for gene movement it is important to be able to identify hybrids in the field. To study the effect of wheat genotype on hybrid phenotype, reciprocal crosses were made between JGG and two common wheat cultivars: ‘Brundage 96’, ‘Hubbard’, a common-type advanced breeding line: ‘87–52814A’, and a club wheat cultivar: ‘Rhode’. Hybrids and parents were measured for plant height, spike length, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, and number of spikelets. Reciprocal effects were nonsignificant for all characteristics measured, indicating that hybrid morphology was not affected by the direction of the cross. Hybrids were different from their wheat parents for spike length, plant height, and flag leaf width. Hybrids produced from each of the wheat parents were uniform in phenotypic characters. Spikes were intermediate in circumference (size) from crosses between JGG and common wheat lines; however, club wheat × JGG crosses resulted in spikes that were more similar to common wheat. Spike size and flag leaf width for all hybrids also were intermediate between their parents. Hybrids differed in spike size and awn characteristics because of unique characteristics of the wheat parent. Based on these results, it should be possible to identify hybrids in the field accurately, regardless of the wheat parent or direction of the cross unless the parent is a club wheat.

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Allelic Variations in 5' UTR of TaAFP-B Effecting the Seed Dormancy and Other Agronomic Traits in Transgenic Wheat

10.21203/rs.3.rs-941682/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Feng Yumei ◽

Han Yang ◽

Han Bing ◽

Yan Yang ◽

Yanping Xing

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Plant Height ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Seed Dormancy ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Transgenic Wheat ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Transcript Expression ◽

Aba Insensitive ◽

Transcript Expression Level

Abstract BackgroundTaAFP (Triticum aestivum L. ABA insensitive five binding protein) is the homology of AFP of Arabidopsis thaliana which was a negative regulator in ABA signaling and regulated embryo germination and seed dormancy. TaABI5 (Triticum aestivum L. ABA insensitive five) gene was seed-specific, and accumulated during wheat grain maturation and dormancy acquisition, which played an important role in seed dormancy. In our previous study, two allelic variants of TaAFP were identified on chromosome 2BS in common wheat, and designated as TaAFP-B1a and TaAFP-B1b. Sequence analysis showed a 4-bp insertion in the 5’UTR region of TaAFP-B1a compared with TaAFP-B1b, which affected the mRNA transcription level, mRNA decay, translation levels of GUS and tdTomatoER, GUS activity, and was significantly associated with seed dormancy in common wheat. ResultsThe results of transgenic wheats showed that: the genotypes of average GI values, plant height, grain weight of hundred and rough of second and third stem node are all significantly more in pUbi-TaAFP-BaS transformed wheat plants than in pUbi-TaAFP-BbS transformed ones, but transcript expression level. ConclusionAbove all dates indicated that the 4-bp insertion in the 5'UTR of TaAFP-B decreased the transcript expression level of TaAFP-B and the PHS resistance, and increased the plant height, grain weight of hundred and lodging resistance in this system of over expression transgenic wheat.

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The use of mixture models to detect effects of major genes on quantitative characters in a plant breeding experiment.

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/136.1.383 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 136 (1) ◽

pp. 383-394

Author(s):

C Jiang ◽

X Pan ◽

M Gu

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Ratio Method ◽

Progeny Testing ◽

Breeding Experiment ◽

Major Genes ◽

Dwarf Gene ◽

Polygenic Inheritance ◽

Homogeneity Of Variances ◽

Independent Segregation

Abstract An analysis based on Elston's model of mixed major locus and polygenic inheritance is extended to include populations of progeny testing such as F3, B1s and B2s families derived from F2 and backcrosses in a cross between two inbred lines. Genetic hypotheses that can be validly tested by the likelihood ratio method in the analysis of a breeding experiment include homogeneity of variances due to environment and/or polygenes with transformable scale effect by Box-Cox power function, random and independent segregation of major genes, invariance of the effects of major genes with population types and additive and dominant models for polygenes. Testing hypotheses in the order suggested here can lead to a gradual simplification of the models and increases the feasibility of the subsequent analysis, but caution must be paid to the possible bias in parameter estimation and hypotheses tests. The procedure is applied to a set of data on plant height of rice with the effects of dwarf genes in crosses among three varieties. Two recessive dwarf genes are shown to be nonallelic and unlinked. One dwarf gene is shown to reduce plant height about 36-56 cm, and another 52-61 cm. The effect of polygenes, estimated as the standard deviation among possible inbred lines derived from these crosses, is about 11.7 cm. Interactions between the dwarf genes and the polygenic background are found, especially for one of the two genes. Both the polygenic effects and the interactions are much smaller than the effects of the major dwarf genes.

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