Effect of Intestinal Microbes on the Immune System and the Latest Research Methods

The data on the clinical features and course of suppurative hidradenitis characterized by severe course and a tendency to relapse are presented. To select the treatment strategy the scale of the severity and staging process are proposed. The atypical localization of purulent suppurative hidradenitis and follicular occlusion tetrad, which also includes conglobata acne, folliculitis sycosiformis atrophicans / exfoliating scalp cellulitis and pilonidal abscess are described. It is proved that manifestation of suppurative hidradenitis are phenotypically heterogeneous. The role of genetic, comorbid factors, metabolic and hormonal disorders, as well as the role of the immune system in the development of the disease are discused. For the diagnosis index Sartorius (Sartorius score), microbiology, immunohistochemistry and other research methods, which largely determine the tactics of treatment of severe dermatosis were used.

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Immunomodulatory effects of probiotics

Medical Council ◽

10.21518/2079-701x-2020-15-135-144 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 135-144

Author(s):

E. Yu. Plotnikova ◽

Yu. V. Zakharova

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Intestinal Microbiota ◽

Regulatory Role ◽

Regulatory Pathways ◽

Intestinal Microbes ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Susceptibility To Infection ◽

Key Species ◽

Mucous Membranes

Today, there is an explosion of discoveries related to a growing understanding of the role of microbial communities, key species of bacteria, products or metabolites derived from commensals, and in particular the relationship between some of these components and painful conditions in humans. Microbiota plays a fundamental role in the induction, training and functioning of the host’s immune system. In turn, the immune system has evolved significantly as a means of maintaining the host’s symbiotic relations with these very diverse and developing microbes. At optimal performance, this alliance of the immune system and microbiota allows to induce protective reactions to pathogens and maintain regulatory pathways involved in maintaining tolerance to harmless antigens. In this review, we outline the role of the intestinal microbiota in the immune system, starting with initial information supporting further insights into the effects of intestinal microbiota dysbacteriosis on the host’s susceptibility to infection. Probiotics are considered a good form of therapy to control harmful intestinal microorganisms, improve digestion and the absorption of nutrients. The beneficial effects of probiotics have been demonstrated in many diseases. One of the main mechanisms of probiotics is the regulation of the immune response of the host. The article reviews and discusses the regulatory role of probiotics in the “intestine-lungs” system and the immune system of mucous membranes for potential antiviral mechanisms. The unique role of probiotics in modulation of intestinal microbes and establishment of intestinal homeostasis and production of interferon as antiviral mechanism is described. In addition, the regulatory role of probiotics in the system «intestine-lungs» and the immune system of the mucous membranes for potential antiviral mechanisms, including in COVID-19 is considered and discussed. Symbiotic products Bac-Set® Forte and Bac-Set® Cold/Flu are described.

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Crosstalks between helminthes and microbiota to improve gut health

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcaa060.007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

H S Elwakil

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Intestinal Tract ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Mammalian Host ◽

Host Immune System ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Gut Health ◽

Intestinal Microbes ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Intestinal helminths are potent regulators of their host’s immune system and can protect against Inflammatory bowel disease. This anti-inflammatory activity remains largely unknown. Is it purely intrinsic to helminths, or whether it also involved cross interaction with the local microbiota? Microbiota and helminths have coevolved within the mammalian host. Both have common strategies of establishing a new homeostasis in the host intestinal tract. These strategies include regulating host immunity to permit their survival through the induction of suppressive regulatory T cells ( Tregs ). Also, Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) may be a possible another common pathway shared by microbiota and helminths. SCFAs are microbial metabolite that are derived from microbial fermentation of dietary fibers in the colon. Similarly, some helminth infection leads to SCFAs elevation in human. SCFAs can potentiate T regs generation and IL- 10 production in the periphery. Dissecting the multidirectional interactions among intestinal microbes, helminth parasites and their host immune system will hopefully enable the design of new therapeutic strategies to treat metabolic and inflammatory diseases

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The effectiveness of mineral adaptogen in experimental immunosuppression

Agrarian Bulletin of the ◽

10.32417/1997-4868-2021-215-12-29-40 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 215 (12) ◽

pp. 29-40

Author(s):

M. Drozd

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Research Methods ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

The Body ◽

Natural Resistance ◽

Farm Animals ◽

Laboratory Animals ◽

Control Group ◽

Statistical Research ◽

Experimental Animals

Abstract. Modern conditions of animal husbandry and poultry farming dictate a continuous search for effective means that increase the natural resistance of the organism of farm animals and poultry. The purpose of the study. In this regard, an experimental study was conducted on laboratory animals using a mineral adaptogen of domestic production in order to determine its effectiveness in conditions of artificially induced immunosuppression. The objectives of the study were to determine the immunobiochemical status, subcellular and intra-organ changes in the organs of the immune system at all levels. Research methods. Experimental studies were carried out using generally accepted zootechnical, pathomorphological, histological, immunobiochemical and statistical research methods. Results. Immunobiochemical changes in the body of experimental animals are described. Microscopic changes at the level of tissues and cells in the organs of the immune system at all levels are described. Changes in the organs of the immune system during immunosuppression and against the background of feeding mineral adaptogen are described. Morphological examination of the immune system organs in experimental animals revealed prolonged immunosuppressive changes for 14 days. At the same time, after induced immunosuppression, significant structural changes remain in the central and peripheral organs of the immune system in the form of lymphoid tissue atrophy (in the thymus, both in the organ of central immunogenesis and in the organs of the peripheral immune system – the spleen and lymph nodes and intra-organ lymph formations). During histological studies, the structure of cells and tissues, when using a mineral adaptogen, was more morphologically mature and was in a functionally active state, and dystrophic and necrotic processes were observed in the control group. The conducted studies convincingly prove the effect of mineral adaptogen on increasing natural resistance and its immunoprotective properties. Scientific novelty. For the first time in experimental conditions, a simultaneous assessment of the immunobiochemical parameters of the blood of laboratory animals and a microscopic examination of the organs of the immune system at all levels with morphometric analysis of the data obtained were given. As a result of the conducted studies, the immuno- and organoprotective effect of feeding the mineral adaptogen was proved and the immunomodulatory effect was morphometrically confirmed.

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