scholarly journals Anticonvulsant Effects by Bilateral and Unilateral Transplantation of GABA-Producing Cells into the Subthalamic Nucleus in an Acute Seizure Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelie Handreck ◽  
Bianca Backofen-Wehrhahn ◽  
Sonja Bröer ◽  
Wolfgang Löscher ◽  
Manuela Gernert
Keyword(s):  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Acute Seizure ◽  
Seizure Model ◽  
Anticonvulsant Effects

scholarly journals Chronic convection-enhanced muscimol delivery into the subthalamic nucleus produces transient anticonvulsant effects in an acute rat seizure model.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Feja ◽  
Lillian S. Deking ◽  
Manuela Gernert
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Seizure Threshold ◽  
Epileptic Focus ◽  
Anticonvulsant Effect ◽  
Continuous Administration ◽  
Gaba A ◽  
Seizure Model ◽  
Epilepsy Models ◽  
Anticonvulsant Effects

Aims : Intracerebral drug delivery is an emerging strategy for the treatment of refractory epilepsies. Recently, the GABA A receptor agonist muscimol was infused into the epileptic focus in drug-resistant epilepsy patients (Heiss et al. 2019 Neurosurgery). In seizure and epilepsy models in rats, muscimol has shown anticonvulsant potential when injected acutely into the subthalamic nucleus (STN). However, continuous administration would be required for the clinical setting. Thus, we hypothesized that chronic convection-enhanced muscimol delivery into the STN produces anticonvulsant effects in an acute rat seizure model. Methods : We examined the effects of intra-STN muscimol following a single microinjection (30 and 60 ng/250 nl) and during continuous administration via a microinfusion pump (60 and 600 ng/day over 3 weeks) on the seizure threshold of female Wistar Unilever rats. Timed intravenous pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) infusion was used as an acute seizure test particularly sensitive to GABA-potentiating manipulations. Results : Acute STN muscimol infusion significantly increased PTZ seizure thresholds compared to vehicle-injected animals. The anticonvulsant effect persisted in the first week during chronic STN inhibition and diminished in the second week, indicating tolerance. Low doses of muscimol were well tolerated and not associated with behavioral adverse effects (e.g., sedation, circling) observed after infusion of higher doses. Evaluation of the spatial distribution of BODIPY-labeled muscimol revealed behavioral adverse effects may be attributable to drug spread into adjacent regions of the STN. Conclusions : These results substantiate the STN as a key region in seizure control and indicate the potential of chronic targeted muscimol delivery for prolonged anticonvulsant effects.

Synergistic anticonvulsant effects of pregabalin and amlodipine on acute seizure model of epilepsy in mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itefaq Hussain Qureshi ◽  
Azra Riaz ◽  
Rafeeq Alam Khan ◽  
Afaq Ahmed Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Acute Seizure ◽  
Seizure Model ◽  
Anticonvulsant Effects

Anticonvulsant effects after grafting of rat, porcine, and human mesencephalic neural progenitor cells into the rat subthalamic nucleus

2018 ◽  
Vol 310 ◽  
pp. 70-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Backofen-Wehrhahn ◽  
Laura Gey ◽  
Sonja Bröer ◽  
Björn Petersen ◽  
Miriam Schiff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cells ◽  
Neural Progenitor ◽  
Anticonvulsant Effects

Vigabatrin for focal drug delivery in epilepsy: Bilateral microinfusion into the subthalamic nucleus is more effective than intranigral or systemic administration in a rat seizure model

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Bröer ◽  
Bianca Backofen-Wehrhahn ◽  
Marion Bankstahl ◽  
Laura Gey ◽  
Manuela Gernert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Systemic Administration ◽  
Seizure Model

scholarly journals Additive interaction of levetiracetam with lamotrigine in the mouse 6 Hz psychomotor seizure model – an isobolographic analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Seizure Activity ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Isobolographic Analysis ◽  
Psychomotor Seizure ◽  
Seizure Model ◽  
A Current ◽  
Anticonvulsant Effects

The aim of this study was to characterize the anticonvulsant effects of levetiracetam (LEV) in combination with lamotrigine (LTG – a second-generation antiepileptic drug), in the mouse 6 Hz psychomotor seizure model. Limbic (psychomotor) seizure activity was evoked in albino Swiss mice by a current (32 mA, 6 Hz, 3 s stimulus duration) delivered via ocular electrodes and isobolographic analysis for parallel dose-response relationship curves (DRRCs) was used to characterize the consequent anticonvulsant interactions between the drug combinations. Results indicated that LEV administered singly was associated with a DRRC that was parallel to that for LTG. With isobolography for parallel DRRCs, the combination of LEV with LTG at three fixed-ratios of 1:3, 1:1 and 3:1 exerted additive interaction. LEV combined with LTG exerted additive interaction in the mouse 6 Hz psychomotor seizure model.

scholarly journals Investigation of the anticonvulsant and remyelinating potential of dexketoprofen on a rat model of primary generalized seizures

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
O. A. Gromova ◽  
V. I. Demidov ◽  
A. G. Kalacheva ◽  
I. Yu. Torshin ◽  
T. R. Grishina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Generalized Seizures ◽  
Seizure Model ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Anticonvulsant Effects

Objective: to investigate the effect of dexketoprofen on the severity of seizures on a rat model of primary generalized seizures caused by thiosemicarbazide; to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of the drug.Material and methods. The investigation was conducted on 72 male albino rats weighing 200–300 g. The animals were given dexketoprofen and/or comparison drugs (gabapentin, sodium valproate) for 5 days, after which the seizure model was reproduced. The effects of the drugs were evaluated from a set of neurological tests and the results of a histopathological examination of the brain.Results and discussion. Dexketoprofen reduced the severity, duration, and number of primary generalized seizures and potentiated the anticonvulsant effects of gabapentin and sodium valproate. Histopathological and morphometric examinations of the rat brain showed that dexketoprofen inhibited the formation of irreversible neuronal changes (27.2%; control, 55.7%), by transferring them into reversible changes (47.7%; control, 21.8%).Conclusion. The investigation made it possible to conclude that dexketoprofen had a moderate neuroprotective effect neurologically and morphometrically verified.

scholarly journals Synergistic interaction of levetiracetam with gabapentin in the mouse 6 Hz psychomotor seizure model – a type II isobolographic analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Wlaz ◽  
Maria W. Kondrat-Wrobel ◽  
Katarzyna Zaluska ◽  
Ewelina Kochman ◽  
Anna R. Rekas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Stimulus Duration ◽  
Synergistic Interaction ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Isobolographic Analysis ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Psychomotor Seizure ◽  
Seizure Model ◽  
A Current ◽  
Anticonvulsant Effects

Abstract This study was aimed at characterizing the anticonvulsant effects of levetiracetam in combination with gabapentin, in the mouse 6 Hz psychomotor seizure model. Herein, psychomotor seizures were evoked in male albino Swiss mice by a current (32 mA, 6 Hz, 3 s stimulus duration) delivered via ocular electrodes. Type II isobolographic analysis was used to characterize the anticonvulsant interactions between the drugs in combination, for fixed-ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:5 and 1:10. The type II isobolographic analysis revealed that the combinations of levetiracetam with gabapentin for the fixed-ratios of 1:5 and 1:10 were supra-additive (synergistic; P<0.05) in terms of seizure suppression, while the combinations for the fixed-ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 were additive in the mouse 6 Hz psychomotor seizure model. We conclude that, as the combinations of levetiracetam with gabapentin for the fixed-ratios of 1:5 and 1:10 exerted supra-additive (synergistic) interaction in the mouse 6 Hz psychomotor seizure model, this may be considered as particularly favorable combinations in further clinical practice.

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