scholarly journals How can agricultural extension and rural advisory services support agricultural innovation to adapt to climate change in the agriculture sector?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-62
Author(s):  
Md Kamruzzaman ◽  
Katherine A. Daniell ◽  
Ataharul Chowdhury ◽  
Steven Crimp ◽  
Helen James
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Agricultural Innovation ◽  
Advisory Services ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Multiple Actors

Because the climate has been rapidly changing and undermining the sustainability of the agriculture sector, Agricultural Extension and Rural Advisory Services (AERAS) need to rethink their contemporary roles and initiatives.  Although enhancing agricultural innovation is considered a key process to increase farm income and ensure sustainability under complex climate-affected development conditions, little is known how AERAS can support the process in the said context.  A broad range of literature was reviewed and a deductive coding approach was followed to analyze the literature.  The findings suggested numerous transformative roles of AERAS providers supporting agricultural innovation.  AERAS providers should extend their mandates and broaden their scopes by connecting and working with multiple actors and groups within and beyond the agriculture sector.  They need to support interactions and learning among diversified actors to develop complementary understanding and approaches for collective action for climate change adaptation.  The findings highlight the importance of enhancing innovation by AERAS providers for climate change adaptation in the agriculture sector.  

scholarly journals Exploring Information Seeking Behavior of Farmers’ in Information Related to Climate Change Adaptation Through ICT (CHAI)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siza D Tumbo ◽  
Nicholaus Mwalukasa ◽  
Kadeghe G Fue ◽  
Malongo R. S. Mlozi ◽  
Ruth Haug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Agricultural Extension Service

In Tanzania, agriculture sector is known for employing more than 70% of the total population. Agriculture sector faces many challenges including climate change. Climate change causes low productivity in agriculture; low productivity is caused due to poor implementation of agricultural policies and strategies. This poor implementation of policies has also caused many farmers to be not competent in climate change adaptation. Over the years, provisions of agricultural advice and extension were provided by various approaches, including training and visit extension, participatory approaches, and farmers’ field schools. However, provision of agricultural advisory and extension service is inefficient. Also, in most cases the usage of most agricultural innovations and technologies developed is limited. A literature review indicates that the main reasons given by Tanzanian farmers for not using improved technology are not lack of knowledge or skill, but rather that the technologies do not contribute towards improvements (e.g., the technologies are not profitable or they imply to high risk). Thus, agricultural extension service needs to be geared towards teaching farmers how to develop innovative and cost effective technologies that are contextualized. Limited numbers of agricultural extension staff and less interactivity of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), such as radio and television, have been mentioned to be among the factors limiting the provision of agricultural advisory and extension services to the majority of farmers in Tanzania. The advancements in ICTs have brought new opportunities for enhancing access to agricultural advisory and extension service for climate change adaptation. In Tanzania, farmers and other actors access agricultural information from various sources such as agricultural extension workers and use of various databases from Internet Services Providers. Also there are different web – and mobile – based farmers’ advisory information systems to support conventional agricultural extension service. These systems are producing bulk amounts of data which makes it difficult for different stakeholders to make an informed decision after data analysis. This calls for the need to develop a tool for data visualization in order to understand hidden patterns from massive data. In this study, a semi-automated text classification was developed to determine the frequently asked keywords from a web and mobile based farmers’ advisory system called UshauriKilimo after being in use for more than 2 years by more than 700 farmers.

scholarly journals Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation

2019 ◽  
pp. 519-536
Author(s):  
K.S. Kavi Kumar ◽  
Brinda Viswanathan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
State Governments ◽  
State Action ◽  
Climate Risks ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Migration

This chapter provides an overview of issues surrounding the mainstreaming of climate change adaptation in the agriculture sector with focus on India. The status of adaptation research focusing on triggers of adaptation and adaptation strategies, such as innovation, adoption of technologies, risk management, and migration, are discussed. The chapter then deliberates on approaches for mainstreaming climate change adaptation policies, namely, climate-proofing, climate-first, and development-first. The wide-ranging budgetary requirements made by the State Action Plans on Climate Change for the agricultural sector highlight the need for a coherent approach for assessing adaptation budgets, along with the establishment of climate and disaster cells in the line departments of the state governments to integrate the climate risks with the developmental plans.

scholarly journals Determinants of corn farmers to adapt to climate change impacts in Sagbayan, Bohol, Philippines

2018 ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
Zyra May Centino ◽  
Arvin Vista
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The need to adapt to the negative impacts of climate change is urgent especially in the agriculture sector. However, there have been no published reports whether upland corn farmers are applying climate change adaptation strategies. This study sampled 91 upland corn farmers in Sagbayan, Bohol, Philippines to determine the factors affecting their decision to employ adaptations strategies. The adaptation strategies are those soil and water management and conservation techniques employed by farmers, which is modelled using binary logistic regression. The average age of the respondents was 56 years old. Respondents have been in corn production for an average period of 30 years. More than 50% of their annual household income comes from farming (PhP 25,393). Results showed that gender, farm income, total land used in farming and value of farm assets were the determinants of farmers’ use of adaptation strategies. Overall, corn farmers are knowledgeable of the impacts of climate change; however, employment of adaptation strategies is minimal. Hence, intervention should focus on programs that will increase probability of farmers employing adaptation strategies. Such programs may include farm-to-market roads to minimize post-harvest losses, setting of farmer field school and information drive.

scholarly journals Assessment of the viability of climate adaptation strategies of cassava-based farmers in southern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
A. Henri-Ukoha
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
Adaptation Practices

The study examined the viability of climate adaptation strategies of cassava-based farmers in Southern Nigeria. A total of 300 cassava-based farmers were randomly selected. Primary data were obtained through administration of questionnaire, interview schedule and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Data were analysed using descriptive statistics which involved the use of percentages, mean and frequency distributions as well as OLS multiple regression model. The specific objectives include: to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers, identify the climate change adaptation practices employed, ascertain the viability of the climate change adaptation practices and to determine the factors influencing the use of climate change adaptation strategies by the cassava-based farmers in the study area. Results show that majority of the cassava-based farmers were females, married, had a mean age of 46 years, 19 years farming experience, household size of 8 persons, and mean farm size of 1.23 hectares. Results further showed that the cassava farmers adopted various of adaptation strategies such as mixed cropping 24.3%, crop rotation 16.3%, change in planting date 36.6%, use of improved varieties 63.2%, minimum tillage 37%, early and late planting 35.3% and 13.5% respectively. These practices facilitated the adaptation to climate change by the farmers. However, farming experience, farm size, education, access to extension  services, credits and farm income influenced the viability of the climatic adaptation strategies of the cassava-based farmers in the area. Farmers are advised to take good advantage of seminars, workshops, symposiums, and conferences on climate change and its implications on agricultural production. Keywords: Assessment; Viability; Adaptation, Climate Change, Strategies, Cassava-based Farmers

scholarly journals Determinants of farmers’ adaptation decisions to climate change in the central coastal region of Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Ha Vo ◽  
Takeshi Mizunoya ◽  
Cong Dinh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Community Organizations ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Adaptation Measures

AbstractThis study examined measures and factors influencing the climate change adaptation decisions of smallholder farmers holding less than 0.5 hectares of farmland. The binary logit model was applied to analyze data collected by face-to-face interviews with 110 households in Phu Vang Coastal District, Thua Thien Hue Province, Central Vietnam. The findings indicate that most farmers accurately perceived climate-related changes during the recent decade, and implemented various adaptation measures in an effort to alleviate the potential risks. Adaptations included changing crop varieties, adjusting farming calendar, diversifying crops, diversifying livestock, improving irrigation, and intensifying soil quality. In addition, the farming household adaptation decisions were positively affected by gender, education level, number of laborers, income level, involvement in local community organizations, and perception of climate change severity and adaptation measure efficacy. Farmer adaptations, in contrast, were negatively influenced by non-farm income and entirely unaffected by access to credit. Policy-related recommendations were proposed to encourage smallholder farmers to adapt to climate change in the region. Recommendations included (1) improvements in the understanding of climate change, especially for female and less educated farmers; (2) more attention paid to the activities of local community organizations to be more attractive for members; (3) participation in the non-agricultural sector in parallel with implementing climate change adaptation measures in agriculture; (4) preferential loans designed as targets for low-income households combined with strict management to avoid misuse by beneficiaries.

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