scholarly journals Canadian perspective on managing multiple myeloma during the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons learned and future considerations

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Foley ◽  
R. Kaedbey ◽  
K. Song ◽  
C.P. Venner ◽  
D. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Vulnerable Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Canadian Perspective ◽  
Risk Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Second Wave

  The coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has necessitated changes to the way patients with chronic diseases are managed. Given that patients with multiple myeloma are at increased risk of covid-19 infection and related complications, national bodies and experts around the globe have made recommendations for risk mitigation strategies for those vulnerable patients. Understandably, because of the novelty of the virus, many of the proposed risk mitigation strategies have thus far been reactionary and cannot be supported by strong evidence. In this editorial, we highlight some of the risk mitigation strategies implemented at our institutions across Canada during the first wave of covid-19, and we discuss the considerations that should be made when managing patients during the second wave and beyond.

scholarly journals Assessment of risks associated with SARS-CoV-2 experimental human infection studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent P Kuiper ◽  
Frits R Rosendaal ◽  
Ingrid M C Kamerling ◽  
Leonardus G Visser ◽  
Meta Roestenberg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Risk Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Experimental Virus

Abstract Controlled human infection (CHI) models for the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have been proposed as a tool to accelerate the development of vaccines and drugs. Such models carry inherent risks. Participants may develop severe disease or complications after deliberate infection. Prolonged isolation may negatively impact their wellbeing. Through secondary infection of study personnel or participant household contacts, the experimental virus strain may cause a community outbreak. We identified risks associated with such a SARS-CoV-2 CHI model and assessed their likelihood and impact and propose strategies that mitigate these risks. In this report, we show that risks can be minimized with proper risk mitigation strategies; the residual risk however should be weighed carefully against the scientific and social values of such a CHI model.

scholarly journals Planetary extravehicular activity (EVA) risk mitigation strategies for long-duration space missions

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blaze Belobrajdic ◽  
Kate Melone ◽  
Ana Diaz-Artiles
Keyword(s):  
Decompression Sickness ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Planetary Surface ◽  
Extravehicular Activity ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Surface Exploration ◽  
Risk Mitigation Strategies

AbstractExtravehicular activity (EVA) is one of the most dangerous activities of human space exploration. To ensure astronaut safety and mission success, it is imperative to identify and mitigate the inherent risks and challenges associated with EVAs. As we continue to explore beyond low earth orbit and embark on missions back to the Moon and onward to Mars, it becomes critical to reassess EVA risks in the context of a planetary surface, rather than in microgravity. This review addresses the primary risks associated with EVAs and identifies strategies that could be implemented to mitigate those risks during planetary surface exploration. Recent findings within the context of spacesuit design, Concept of Operations (CONOPS), and lessons learned from analog research sites are summarized, and how their application could pave the way for future long-duration space missions is discussed. In this context, we divided EVA risk mitigation strategies into two main categories: (1) spacesuit design and (2) CONOPS. Spacesuit design considerations include hypercapnia prevention, thermal regulation and humidity control, nutrition, hydration, waste management, health and fitness, decompression sickness, radiation shielding, and dust mitigation. Operational strategies discussed include astronaut fatigue and psychological stressors, communication delays, and the use of augmented reality/virtual reality technologies. Although there have been significant advances in EVA performance, further research and development are still warranted to enable safer and more efficient surface exploration activities in the upcoming future.

Estimated levels of safety for small unmanned aerial vehicles and risk mitigation strategies

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Stevenson ◽  
Siu O’Young ◽  
Luc Rolland
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Small Uav ◽  
Risk Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Mitigation Methods ◽  
Long Endurance

In this paper the risks posed by small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) 1 are determined using quantitative methods, to calculate the estimated level of safety (ELS). The aim is to determine if the use of small UAVs for typical low altitude long endurance missions creates any increased risk versus manned aviation accident rates. The risk discussion includes both perceived concerns with the small UAV and the real physical risks posed. Once the ELS is known, possible mitigation methods are presented that may improve the safety of the small UAV to a level where it may considered as having an equivalent level of safety as manned aircraft operating in the same unsegregated civilian airspace.

scholarly journals Use of failure modes and effects analysis to mitigate potential risks prior to implementation of an intravenous compounding technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Ann Feemster ◽  
Melissa Augustino ◽  
Rosemary Duncan ◽  
Anand Khandoobhai ◽  
Meghan Rowcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Medication Safety ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Investigational Drug ◽  
Workflow Optimization ◽  
Proactive Approach ◽  
Risk Mitigation Strategies

Abstract Disclaimer In an effort to expedite the publication of articles related to the COVID-19 pandemic, AJHP is posting these manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify potential failure points in a new chemotherapy preparation technology and to implement changes that prevent or minimize the consequences of those failures before they occur using the failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) approach. Methods An FMEA was conducted by a team of medication safety pharmacists, oncology pharmacists and technicians, leadership from informatics, investigational drug, and medication safety services, and representatives from the technology vendor. Failure modes were scored using both Risk Priority Number (RPN) and Risk Hazard Index (RHI) scores. Results The chemotherapy preparation workflow was defined in a 41-step process with 16 failure modes. The RPN and RHI scores were identical for each failure mode because all failure modes were considered detectable. Five failure modes, all attributable to user error, were deemed to pose the highest risk. Mitigation strategies and system changes were identified for 2 failure modes, with subsequent system modifications resulting in reduced risk. Conclusion The FMEA was a useful tool for risk mitigation and workflow optimization prior to implementation of an intravenous compounding technology. The process of conducting this study served as a collaborative and proactive approach to reducing the potential for medication errors upon adoption of new technology into the chemotherapy preparation process.

A Low-Fidelity Stochastic Model of Viral Spread in Aircraft to Assess Risk Mitigation Strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh McCue
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Traffic Network ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Passenger Compartment ◽  
Stochastic Effects ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Risk Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Baseline Health

Abstract The purpose of this work is to develop a computationally efficient model of viral spread that can be utilized to better understand influences of stochastic factors on a large-scale system - such as the air traffic network. A particle-based model of passengers and seats aboard a single-cabin 737-800 is developed for use as a demonstration of concept on tracking the propagation of a virus through the aircraft's passenger compartment over multiple flights. The model is sufficiently computationally efficient so as to be viable for Monte Carlo simulation to capture various stochastic effects, such as number of passengers, number of initially sick passengers, seating locations of passengers, and baseline health of each passenger. The computational tool is then exercised in demonstration for assessing risk mitigation of intervention strategies, such as passenger-driven cleaning of seating environments and elimination of middle seating.

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