scholarly journals Seeing or hearing? Perceptual independence, modality confusions, and crossmodal congruity effects with focused and divided attention

2003 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Larsen ◽  
William McIlhagga ◽  
Jeroen Baert ◽  
Claus Bundesen
Keyword(s):  
Divided Attention ◽  
Perceptual Independence

Pain Influences Several Levels of Attention

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid von Bueren Jarchow ◽  
Bogdan P. Radanov ◽  
Lutz Jäncke
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Divided Attention ◽  
Covert Attention ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
Attentional Deficits ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Chronic Pain Patients ◽  
Divided Attention Task ◽  
Pain Stimuli ◽  
Pain Patients

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to examine to what extent chronic pain has an impact on various attentional processes. To measure these attention processes a set of experimental standard tests of the “Testbatterie zur Aufmerksamkeitsprüfung” (TAP), a neuropsychological battery testing different levels of attention, were used: alertness, divided attention, covert attention, vigilance, visual search, and Go-NoGo tasks. 24 chronic outpatients and 24 well-matched healthy control subjects were tested. The control subjects were matched for age, gender, and education. The group of chronic pain patients exhibited marked deficiencies in all attentional functions except for the divided attention task. Thus, the data supports the notion that chronic pain negatively influences attention because pain patients` attention is strongly captivated by the internal pain stimuli. Only the more demanding divided attention task has the capability to distract the focus of attention to the pain stimuli. Therefore, the pain patients are capable of performing within normal limits. Based on these findings chronic pain patients' attentional deficits should be appropriately evaluated and considered for insurance and work related matters. The effect of a successful distraction away from the pain in the divided attention task can also open new therapeutic aspects.

Specific Computerized Attention Training in Stroke and Traumatic Brain-Injured Patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Sturm ◽  
B. Fimm ◽  
A. Cantagallo ◽  
N. Cremel ◽  
P. North ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Divided Attention ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
Baseline Phase ◽  
Computerized Training ◽  
Brain Injured ◽  
Divided Attention Task ◽  
Injured Patients

Abstract: In a multicenter European approach, the efficacy of the AIXTENT computerized training programs for intensity aspects (alertness and vigilance) and selectivity aspects (selective and divided attention) of attention was studied in 33 patients with brain damage of vascular and traumatic etiology. Each patient received training in one of two most impaired of the four attention domains. Control tests were performed by means of a standardized computerized attention test battery (TAP) comprising tests for the four attention functions. Assessment was carried out at the beginning and at the end of a four week baseline period and after the training period of 14 one-hour sessions. At the end of the baseline phase, there was only slight but significant improvement for the most complex attention function, divided attention (number of omissions). After the training, there were significant specific training effects for both intensity aspects (alertness and vigilance) and also for the number of omissions in the divided attention task. The application of inferential single case procedures revealed a high number of significant improvements in individual cases after specific training of alertness and vigilance problems. On the other hand, a non specific training addressing selectivity aspects of attention lead either to improvement or deterioration of alertness and vigilance performance. The results corroborate the findings of former studies with the same training instrument but in patients with different lesion etiologies.

The changing of an occupied mind: Belief adjustment under divided attention

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Isaiah Harbison ◽  
Michael R. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Divided Attention ◽  
Belief Adjustment

Smoking improves divided attention in schizophrenia

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Ahlers ◽  
E Hahn ◽  
T Ta ◽  
C Shen ◽  
M Dettling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Divided Attention

scholarly journals Macronutrient Sensing in the Oral Cavity and Gastrointestinal Tract: Alimentary Tastes

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Russell Keast ◽  
Andrew Costanzo ◽  
Isabella Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Interesting Aspect ◽  
Basic Taste ◽  
Perceptual Independence ◽  
Holistic Perception ◽  
Fat Taste

There are numerous and diverse factors enabling the overconsumption of foods, with the sense of taste being one of these factors. There are four well established basic tastes: sweet, sour, salty, and bitter; all with perceptual independence, salience, and hedonic responses to encourage or discourage consumption. More recently, additional tastes have been added to the basic taste list including umami and fat, but they lack the perceptual independence and salience of the basics. There is also emerging evidence of taste responses to kokumi and carbohydrate. One interesting aspect is the link with the new and emerging tastes to macronutrients, with each macronutrient having two distinct perceptual qualities that, perhaps in combination, provide a holistic perception for each macronutrient: fat has fat taste and mouthfeel; protein has umami and kokumi; carbohydrate has sweet and carbohydrate tastes. These new tastes can be sensed in the oral cavity, but they have more influence post- than pre-ingestion. Umami, fat, kokumi, and carbohydrate tastes have been suggested as an independent category named alimentary. This narrative review will present and discuss evidence for macronutrient sensing throughout the alimentary canal and evidence of how each of the alimentary tastes may influence the consumption of foods.

S3-3. Divided attention and Visual information processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (10) ◽  
pp. e189-e190
Author(s):  
Takuro Ikeda ◽  
Yoshinobu Goto
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Divided Attention ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Visual Information Processing

scholarly journals The effect of divided attention on speech production

1992 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerwen Jou ◽  
Richard Jackson Harris
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Divided Attention

A Driving Simulator Study of the Performance Effects of Low Blood Alcohol Concentration

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (18) ◽  
pp. 943-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wade Allen ◽  
Zareh Parseghian ◽  
Anthony C. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Divided Attention ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Blood Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Performance Effects ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
Simulator Study ◽  
And Performance

There is a large body of research that documents the impairing effect of alcohol on driving behavior and performance. Some of the most significant alcohol influence seems to occur in divided attention situations when the driver must simultaneously attend to several aspects of the driving task. This paper describes a driving simulator study of the effect of a low alcohol dose, .055 BAC (blood alcohol concentration %/wt), on divided attention performance. The simulation was mechanized on a PC and presented visual and auditory feedback in a truck cab surround. Subjects were required to control speed and steering on a rural two lane road while attending to a peripheral secondary task. The subject population was composed of 33 heavy equipment operators who were tested during both placebo and drinking sessions. Multivariate Analysis of Variance showed a significant and practical alcohol effect on a range of variables in the divided attention driving task.

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