scholarly journals The relationship of state-trait anxiety and task difficulty to learning from written discourse

1973 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Peter Johnsen ◽  
Robert L. Hohn ◽  
Kenneth R. Dunbar
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Written Discourse ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

Task Context and Frontal Lobe Activation in the Stroop Task

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 867-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darlene Floden ◽  
Antonino Vallesi ◽  
Donald T. Stuss
Keyword(s):  
Stroop Task ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Task Context ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

The ability to step outside a routine—to select a new response over a habitual one—is a cardinal function of the frontal lobes. A large body of neuroimaging work now exists pointing to increased activation within the anterior cingulate when stimuli evoke competing responses (incongruent trials) relative to when responses converge (congruent trials). However, lesion evidence that the ACC is necessary in this situation is inconsistent. We hypothesized that this may be a consequence of different task procedures (context) used in lesion and neuroimaging studies. The present study attempted to reconcile the lesion and the fMRI findings by having subjects perform clinical and experimental versions of the Stroop task during BOLD fMRI acquisition. We examined the relationship of brain activation patterns, specifically within the anterior cingulate and left dorsolateral frontal regions, to congruent and incongruent trial types in different task presentations or contexts. The results confirmed our hypothesis that ACC activity is relatively specific to unblocked–uncued incongruent Stroop conditions that have not been used in large neuropsychological studies. Moreover, the size of the behavioral Stroop interference effect was significantly correlated with activity in ACC and left dorsolateral regions, although in different directions. The current results are discussed in terms of previous proposals for the functional roles of these regions in activating, monitoring, and task setting, and the relation of these findings to the disparate reports in recent case series is considered.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXPECTANCY OF SUCCESS AND TASK DIFFICULTY AS A FUNCTION OF ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE SUCCESS CRITERIA

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald E. Smith ◽  
James C. Ascough ◽  
Ronald F. Ettinger
Keyword(s):  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Success Criterion ◽  
Relative Success ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dart Throwing ◽  
Motivational Model ◽  
Absolute Criterion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

Subjects made expectancy of success (Ps) statements in a dart throwing task under two success criterion conditions. In an absolute criterion condition. subjects estimated the probability of their gaining a fixed number of points on trials at increasing distances from the target. Subjects in a relative success criterion condition estimated where they would rank in a group of 100 subjects on each trial. A significant difference in linear trends (p < 0.001) between the criterion groups was obtained, with Ps remaining relatively constant across difficulty levels in the relative criterion condition while declining rapidly as a function of task difficulty in the absolute criterion condition. Implications regarding the generality of the expectancy variable in the Akinson-Feather motivational model are discussed.

Trait Anger, Locus of Control, Religiosity, and Authoritarianism as Related to Trait Anxiety

1982 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 941-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Mook Hong ◽  
Christelle M. Withers
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
School Students ◽  
Anxiety Group ◽  
High Trait ◽  
High Trait Anxiety ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

To clarify the relationship of trait anxiety to trait anger, religiosity, locus of control and authoritarianism, high and low trait-anxiety groups, identified from 121 high school students, were compared on the four variables. Only trait anger yielded a significant t ratio, indicating that the high trait-anxiety group appeared to have a higher level of trait anger than low trait-anxiety group.

scholarly journals Impact of Agents’ Errors on Performance, Reliance and Trust in Human-Agent Collaboration

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 405-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Daronnat ◽  
Leif Azzopardi ◽  
Martin Halvey
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Human Agent ◽  
Trust In Automation ◽  
Agent Collaboration ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Collaborative Game ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task ◽  
The Way

Trust in automation is often strongly tied to an agent’s performance. However, our understanding of imperfect agents’ behaviours and its impact on trust is limited. In this paper, we study the relationship between performance, reliance and trust in a set of human-agent collaborative tasks. Participants collaborated with different automated agents that performed similarly but made errors in different ways; namely mistakes (error of prioritization), lapses (error of omission) and slips (lowered accuracy). We conducted a 4x2 within-subjects experiment (n=24) varying the agent behaviours (no error, slips, mistakes and lapses) and task difficulty (easy/hard) during a real-time collaborative game. Our results show that, at the same level of agent performance, agents’ errors are perceived differently and change the way participants interact with agents. For instance, slips and mistakes are more harmful to performance than lapses while slips are more harmful to reliance than mistakes.

scholarly journals SPECIFIC WOMEN FEARS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC DEPENDING ON AGE AND HAVING CHILDREN

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Tetiana Nefedova
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Movement Restriction ◽  
Fear Reaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fear Of Heights

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the reality of Ukrainian women. Strong movement restriction, social isolation, the disinclination of the health care system have caused stress and intense emotional fear reaction for their lives and future, future and health of their relatives and children. A survey conducted in the UK has shown that men are more likely to get worse symptoms and die from COVID-19. Other researches, which took place in different countries around the world, have shown that women are more worried, anxious and scared about the consequences of the spread of the coronavirus. The article highlights the actual women's fears during the COVID-19 pandemic. It analyses the relationship of women's emotional state to different fears and state/trait anxiety. The aim of the article is to determine the influence of special terms during the COVID-19 pandemic on the intensity of women fears depending on age and having children. Participants (n=140) were asked to complete the Questionnaire of Actual Specific Fears (Ju. Shherbatyh), the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the visual/verbal analogue fear ‘here and now' scale. The comparative analysis of two age-band groups has shown that there is no significant difference in the intensity of specific fears and anxiety for 25-44 and 45-60 age groups. It was found that women who have children are rather more worried about not getting ill with some disease, have much higher values of fear ‘here and now' and fear of heights as opposed to women who do not have children. The present study shows with what fears were women affected by during quarantine restrictions and the spread of the coronavirus. The article emphasizes the importance of the women psychological state, especially women who have children. It is obvious that additional researches are needed; they should explore specific fears connected with children and COVID-19. Further searches are seen in developing a system of psychological support for people who feel fear during the spread of different diseases and new probable pandemics.

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