scholarly journals Evaluation of Antifusarium and Auxin Production of Trichoderma virens InaCC F1030 Isolated from Rhizosphere of Banana

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Toga Pangihotan Napitupulu
Keyword(s):  
Culture Collection ◽  
Trichoderma Virens ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Auxin Production ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Banana rhizosphere harbors a unique diversity of microbes including fungi that play critical roles in the growth of the plant host as well as might be important for biologically controlling the fungal soil-borne pathogens particularly Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc), the causing agent of devastating Panama wilt. Among other fungi, we have succeeded to isolate a Trichoderma species from rhizosphere of healthy banana. Molecular identification revealed the isolate as Trichoderma virens InaCC F1030 (being collection of Indonesian Culture Collection or InaCC). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the biological control of our isolate against Foc as well as plant growth promoting ability through its ability to produce auxin (indole-3-acetic acid/IAA). Two approaches were employed to evaluate the antagonism of our isolate against Foc, through direct confrontation test and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) producing. We found that our isolate was considered as antagonistic to the Foc, but not highly antagonistic according to direct confrontation assay. It was also revealed that our isolate produces the VOCs that inhibited around 50% of the mycelial growth of the test pathogen after six to seven days of exposure. Our isolate was able to produce the IAA in axenic submerged fermentation condition particularly in the presence of the precursor L-tryptophan. IAA production ability as well as the mycelial biomass of fungus were increased approximately 17% and 120% respectively as the effect of supplementation of 0.1% of L-tryptophan. These in vitro bioassays lead us to conclude that somehow our isolate T. virens InaCC F1030 has potency to be utilized as biocontrol and biofertilizer agent.

scholarly journals A Survey of Methylobacterium Species and Strains Reveals Widespread Production and Varying Profiles of Cytokinin Phytohormones

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Palberg ◽  
Anna Kisiała ◽  
Gabriel Lemes Jorge ◽  
R. J. Neil Emery
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Abstract BackgroundSymbiotic Methylobacterium strains comprise a significant part of plant microbiomes. Their presence enhances plant productivity and stress resistance, prompting classification of these strains as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Methylobacteria can synthesize unusually high levels of plant hormones, called cytokinins (CKs), including the most active form, trans-Zeatin (tZ). ResultsThis study provides a comprehensive inventory of 46 representatives of Methylobacterium genus with respect to phytohormone production in vitro, including 16 CK forms, abscisic acid (ABA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). High performance-liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analyses revealed varying abilities of Methylobacterium strains to secrete phytohormones that ranged from 5.09 to 191.47 pmol mL-1 for total CKs, and 0.46 to 82.16 pmol mL-1 for tZ. Results indicate that reduced methanol availability, the sole carbon source for bacteria in the medium, stimulates CK secretion by Methylobacterium. Additionally, select strains were able to transform L-tryptophan into IAA while no ABA production was detected.ConclusionsTo better understand features of CKs in plants, this study uncovers CK profiles of Methylobacterium that are instrumental in microbe selection for effective biofertilizer formulations.

scholarly journals In vitro antagonistic potential, plant growth-promoting activity and indole-3-acetic acid producing trait of bacterial isolates from spent mushroom substrate of Agaricus bisporus

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Rethinasamy Velazhahan ◽  
Shima Nasser Hamed Al-Mamari ◽  
Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi ◽  
Issa Hashil Al-Mahmooli ◽  
S. P. Sathish Babu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Antagonistic Potential ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is widely used as fertilizer and to control plant diseases. The microorganisms surviving in SMS play a crucial role in plant growth promotion and biocontrol properties of SMS. In this study, an effort was made to isolate and characterize the bacterial species present in the SMS of Agaricus bisporus and to study their antagonistic potential, plant growth-promoting ability and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) producing trait. Six different bacterial isolates exhibiting morphological variabilities were obtained from the SMS by serial dilution technique. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, these isolates were identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis (Sh1 and Sh3), S. aureus (Sh2), Bacillus albus (Sh4), Delftia lacustris (Sh6) and Comamonas aquatica (Sh7). These bacterial strains were assayed for their antagonism against Pythium aphanidermatum, a phytopathogenic oomycete. The results of in vitro dual culture assay revealed that all the 6 bacterial isolates showed low levels of suppression of P. aphanidermatum and recorded less than 5 mm inhibition zone. Among the bacterial isolates, S. epidermidis Sh3 recorded the maximum inhibition zone of 4.2 mm. Plant growth promotion test using roll paper towel method revealed that C. aquatica Sh7, B. albus Sh4, D. lacustris Sh6 and S. epidermidis Sh3 caused a significant increase in seedling vigour of cucumber compared to control. The seeds treated with the bacterial isolate C. aquatica Sh7 showed the maximum seedling vigor. Assessment of in vitro production of IAA by the bacterial isolates revealed that the bacterial isolates highly varied (ranging from 0.28 to 9.25 mg L-1) in their potential for production of IAA. The maximum amount of IAA was produced by C. aquatica Sh7 (9.25 mg L-1), while the minimum was produced by S. epidermidis Sh1 (0.28 mg L-1).

scholarly journals Screening of Azotobacter isolates for PGP properties and antifungal activity

2015 ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Bjelic ◽  
Jelena Marinkovic ◽  
Branislava Tintor ◽  
Sonja Tancic ◽  
Aleksandra Nastasic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

?mong 50 bacterial isolates obtained from maize rhizospher?, 13 isolates belonged to the genus Azotobacter. Isolates were biochemically characterized and estimated for pH and halo tolerance ability and antibiotic resistance. According to characterization, the six representative isolates were selected and further screened in vitro for plant growth promoting properties: production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), siderophores, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), exopolysaccharides, phosphate solubilization and antifungal activity (vs. Helminthosporium sp., Macrophomina sp., Fusarium sp.). Beside HCN production, PGP properties were detected for all isolates except Azt7. All isolates produced IAA in the medium without L-tryptophan and the amount of produced IAA increased with concentration of precursor in medium. The highest amount of IAA was produced by isolates Azt4 (37.69 and 45.86 ?g ml-1) and Azt5 (29.44 and 50.38 ?g ml-1) in the medium with addition of L-tryptophan (2.5 and 5 mM). The isolates showed the highest antifungal activity against Helminthosporium sp. and the smallest antagonistic effect on Macrophomina sp. Radial Growth Inhibition (RGI) obtained by the confrontation of isolates with tested phytopathogenic fungi, ranged from 10 to 48%.

scholarly journals Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Improve Growth and Modify Essential Oil in Rose (Rosa hybrida L.) cv. Black Prince

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neilton Antonio Fiusa Araújo ◽  
Rafaela Magalhães Brandão ◽  
Beatriz Meireles Barguil ◽  
Maria das Graças Cardoso ◽  
Moacir Pasqual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Protease Production ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Auxin Production ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Rose essential oil is rich in compounds widely used by the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry, due to the biological activities it presents. However, obtaining oil is costly, as the yield per plant is low, which requires several techniques that aim to increase its production. The application of growth-promoting bacteria has been studied for this purpose. Thus, the objective of this work was to select efficient bacteria for production and evaluate their influence on the phytotechnical characteristics and composition of the essential oils of roses. Seven species of bacteria were evaluated for the potential to promote growth in vitro, being tested for nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, protease production and auxin production. From bacteria tested, four were selected and inoculated on rose plants of cultivar Black Prince to evaluate the influence on phytotechnical variables of flower and stem and the oil production. The evaluation of the production of roses was performed through the characteristics of the flowers (size, weight, and diameter of the stem) and floral bud. The essential oils from the inoculated flowers were extracted and evaluated in terms of content, yield, and chemical composition. The application of B. acidiceler, B. subtilis and B. pumilus resulted in flowers with a diameter up to 29% larger. The floral stem was increased by up to 24.5% when B. acidiceler and B. pumilus were used. Meanwhile, the stem diameter was around 41% greater in the presence of B. acidiceler, B. subtilis and in the control. Bacillus pumilus also increased the weight of fresh petals (104%) and essential oil yield (26%), changing the chemical composition of the extracted essential oil. Thus, it is concluded that B. acidiceler, B. pumilus, and B. subtilis improved the phytotechnical characteristics of roses. Among bacteria, B. pumilus increased the essential oil content as well as positively changed the chemical composition of the extracted essential oil.

scholarly journals Impact of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on yield and disease control of Nicotiana tabacum

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-725
Author(s):  
Sohail Khan ◽  
Fazli Subhan ◽  
Kashif Haleem ◽  
Muhammad Khattak ◽  
Ibrar Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Auxin Production ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

An unexplored soil microbial community associated with the root system of Nicotiana tabacum was isolated to analyze its impact on growth and yield of the crop. A total of nine isolates out of 180 were biochemically screened and characterized as potential plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria due to the expression of growth-promoting traits. All isolates were positive for ammonia production, 8 were positive for phosphate solubilization but none for auxin production. The majority of the isolates were also found positive for hydrogen cyanide, siderophore and hydrolytic/degradative enzymes production, enabling them to restrict the growth of Fusarium oxysporum in an in vitro assay. Although all tested isolates enhanced tobacco growth significantly, Baj-ER-01 and CD-RS-03 were found to be the most promising in enhancing all aspects of growth. This study provides evidence for the enhancement of growth and yield of inoculated tobacco plants through an adequate supply of nutrients and/or controlling phytopathogens.

scholarly journals A prospectus of plant growth promoting endophytic bacterium from orchid (Vanda cristata)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujit Shah ◽  
Krishna Chand ◽  
Bhagwan Rekadwad ◽  
Yogesh S. Shouche ◽  
Jyotsna Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Endophytic Bacterium ◽  
Epifluorescence Microscopy ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Abstract Background A plant growth-promoting endophytic bacterium PVL1 isolated from the leaf of Vanda cristata has the ability to colonize with roots of plants and protect the plant. PVL1 was isolated using laboratory synthetic media. 16S rRNA gene sequencing method has been employed for identification before and after root colonization ability. Results Original isolated and remunerated strain from colonized roots were identified as Bacillus spp. as per EzBiocloud database. The presence of bacteria in the root section of the plantlet was confirmed through Epifluorescence microscopy of colonized roots. The in-vitro plantlet colonized by PVL1 as well as DLMB attained higher growth than the control. PVL1 capable of producing plant beneficial phytohormone under in vitro cultivation. HPLC and GC-MS analysis suggest that colonized plants contain Indole Acetic Acid (IAA). The methanol extract of Bacillus spp., contains 0.015 μg in 1 μl concentration of IAA. PVL1 has the ability to produce antimicrobial compounds such as ethyl iso-allocholate, which exhibits immune restoring property. One-way ANOVA shows that results were statistically significant at P ≤ 0.05 level. Conclusions Hence, it has been concluded that Bacillus spp. PVL1 can promote plant growth through secretion of IAA during root colonization and ethyl iso-allocholate to protect plants from foreign infections. Thus, this study supports to support Koch’s postulates of bacteria establishment.

scholarly journals Multi-Trait Wheat Rhizobacteria from Calcareous Soil with Biocontrol Activity Promote Plant Growth and Mitigate Salinity Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1588
Author(s):  
Anastasia Venieraki ◽  
Styliani N. Chorianopoulou ◽  
Panagiotis Katinakis ◽  
Dimitris L. Bouranis
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Biocontrol Activity ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Microbial Fertilizers

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be functional microbial fertilizers and/or biological control agents, contributing to an eco-spirit and safe solution for chemical replacement. Therefore, we have isolated rhizospheric arylsulfatase (ARS)-producing bacteria, belonging to Pseudomonas and Bacillus genus, from durum wheat crop grown on calcareous soil. These isolates harbouring plant growth promoting (PGP) traits were further evaluated in vitro for additional PGP traits, including indole compounds production and biocontrol activity against phytopathogens, limiting the group of multi-trait strains to eight. The selected bacterial strains were further evaluated for PGP attributes associated with biofilm formation, compatibility, salt tolerance ability and effect on plant growth. In vitro studies demonstrated that the multi-trait isolates, Bacillus (1.SG.7, 5.SG.3) and Pseudomonas (2.SG.20, 2.C.19) strains, enhanced the lateral roots abundance and shoots biomass, mitigated salinity stress, suggesting the utility of beneficial ARS-producing bacteria as potential microbial fertilizers. Furthermore, in vitro studies demonstrated that compatible combinations of multi-trait isolates, Bacillus sp. 1.SG.7 in a mixture coupled with 5.SG.3, and 2.C.19 with 5.SG.3 belonging to Bacillus and Pseudomonas, respectively, may enhance plant growth as compared to single inoculants.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Genetic Bases of Indole-3-Acetic Acid (Auxin Phytohormone) Degradation by the Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Donoso ◽  
Pablo Leiva-Novoa ◽  
Ana Zúñiga ◽  
Tania Timmermann ◽  
Gonzalo Recabarren-Gajardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gene Functions ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

ABSTRACT Several bacteria use the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) as a sole carbon and energy source. A cluster of genes (named iac) encoding IAA degradation has been reported in Pseudomonas putida 1290, but the functions of these genes are not completely understood. The plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN harbors iac gene homologues in its genome, but with a different gene organization and context than those of P. putida 1290. The iac gene functions enable P. phytofirmans to use IAA as a sole carbon and energy source. Employing a heterologous expression system approach, P. phytofirmans iac genes with previously undescribed functions were associated with specific biochemical steps. In addition, two uncharacterized genes, previously unreported in P. putida and found to be related to major facilitator and tautomerase superfamilies, are involved in removal of an IAA metabolite called dioxindole-3-acetate. Similar to the case in strain 1290, IAA degradation proceeds through catechol as intermediate, which is subsequently degraded by ortho-ring cleavage. A putative two-component regulatory system and a LysR-type regulator, which apparently respond to IAA and dioxindole-3-acetate, respectively, are involved in iac gene regulation in P. phytofirmans. These results provide new insights about unknown gene functions and complex regulatory mechanisms in IAA bacterial catabolism. IMPORTANCE This study describes indole-3-acetic acid (auxin phytohormone) degradation in the well-known betaproteobacterium P. phytofirmans PsJN and comprises a complete description of genes, some of them with previously unreported functions, and the general basis of their gene regulation. This work contributes to the understanding of how beneficial bacteria interact with plants, helping them to grow and/or to resist environmental stresses, through a complex set of molecular signals, in this case through degradation of a highly relevant plant hormone.

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