Two antibacterial and PPARα/γ-agonistic unsaturated keto fatty acids from a coral-associated actinomycete of the genus Micrococcus

A pair of geometrically isomeric unsaturated keto fatty acids, (6E,8Z)- and (6E,8E)-5-oxo-6,8-tetradecadienoic acids (1 and 2), were isolated from the culture broth of an actinomycete of the genus Micrococcus, which was associated with a stony coral, Catalaphyllia sp. Their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis including NMR and MS, with special assistance of spin system simulation studies for the assignment of an E geometry at C8 in 2. As metabolites of microbes, compounds 1 and 2 are unprecedented in terms of bearing a 2,4-dienone system. Both 1 and 2 showed antibacterial activity against the plant pathogen Rhizobium radiobacter and the fish pathogen Tenacibaculum maritimum, with a contrasting preference that 1 is more effective to the former strain while 2 is so to the latter. In addition, compounds 1 and 2 displayed agonistic activity against peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) with an isoform specificity towards PPARα and PPARγ.

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Molecular Recognition of Fatty Acids by Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptors

Molecular Cell ◽

10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80467-0 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 397-403 ◽

Cited By ~ 785

Author(s):

H.Eric Xu ◽

Millard H Lambert ◽

Valerie G Montana ◽

Derek J Parks ◽

Steven G Blanchard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Molecular Recognition ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) as a mediator of dietary fatty acids affects reproductive performance in broiler breeder roosters

Theriogenology ◽

10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.09.020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 158 ◽

pp. 331-338

Author(s):

Laya Pourazadi ◽

Mohsen Sharafi ◽

Mohammad Amir Karimi Torshizi ◽

Abdolhossein Shahverdi ◽

AliReza Alizadeh

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Reproductive Performance ◽

Dietary Fatty Acids ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Broiler Breeder ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors

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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Delta: A Conserved Director of Lipid Homeostasis through Regulation of the Oxidative Capacity of Muscle

PPAR Research ◽

10.1155/2008/172676 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2008 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Pieter de Lange ◽

Assunta Lombardi ◽

Elena Silvestri ◽

Fernando Goglia ◽

Antonia Lanni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Oxidative Capacity ◽

Whole Body ◽

Lipid Homeostasis ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Transcriptional Program ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptors ◽

Metabolic Action

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which are ligand-inducible transcription factors expressed in a variety of tissues, have been shown to perform key roles in lipid homeostasis. In physiological situations such as fasting and physical exercise, one PPAR subtype, PPARδ, triggers a transcriptional program in skeletal muscle leading to a switch in fuel usage from glucose/fatty acids to solely fatty acids, thereby drastically increasing its oxidative capacity. The metabolic action of PPARδ has also been verified in humans. In addition, it has become clear that the action of PPARδ is not restricted to skeletal muscle. Indeed, PPARδ has been shown to play a crucial role in whole-body lipid homeostasis as well as in insulin sensitivity, and it is active not only in skeletal muscle (as an activator of fat burning) but also in the liver (where it can activate glycolysis/lipogenesis, with the produced fat being oxidized in muscle) and in the adipose tissue (by incrementing lipolysis). The main aim of this review is to highlight the central role for activated PPARδ in the reversal of any tendency toward the development of insulin resistance.

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