scholarly journals Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of lophiostomatoid fungi motivates a broad concept of Lophiostoma and reveals nine new species

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Andreasen ◽  
I. Skrede ◽  
W.M. Jaklitsch ◽  
H. Voglmayr ◽  
B. Nordén
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Multigene Analysis ◽  
Broad Concept

Recent studies on the fungal families Lophiostomataceae and Lophiotremataceae (Pleosporales) have provided varying phylogenetic and taxonomic results concerning constituent genera and species. By adding DNA sequences of 24 new strains of Lophiostomataceae and nine new strains of Lophiotremataceae to a sequence data matrix from international databases, we provide a new understanding of the relationships within these families. Multigene analysis of the four molecular markers ITS, LSU, TEF1-α, and RPB2 reveals that the genera within Lophiotremataceae are phylogenetically well supported. Lophiostoma myriocarpum is recognised as a species of Lophiotrema in contrast to earlier concepts. In Lophiostomataceae, we resurrect a broad generic concept of the genus Lophiostoma and reduce 14 genera to synonymy: Alpestrisphaeria, Biappendiculispora, Capulatispora, Coelodictyosporium, Guttulispora, Lophiohelichrysum, Lophiopoacea, Neopaucispora, Neotrematosphaeria, Platystomum, Pseudocapulatispora, Pseudolophiostoma, Pseudoplatystomum, and Sigarispora. Nine new species are described based on molecular data and in most cases supported by morphological characters: Antealophiotrema populicola, Atrocalyx nordicus, Lophiostoma carpini, Lophiostoma dictyosporium, Lophiostoma erumpens, Lophiostoma fusisporum, Lophiostoma jotunheimenense, Lophiostoma plantaginis, and Lophiostoma submuriforme. Lophiostoma caespitosum and Lophiotrema myriocarpum are lecto- and epitypified to stabilise their species concepts. High intraspecific variability of several morphological traits is common within Lophiostomataceae.

scholarly journals Three new species of the genus Coddingtonia from Asia (Araneae, Theridiosomatidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 886 ◽  
pp. 113-126
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Feng ◽  
Yucheng Lin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Three New Species

The current paper expands knowledge of the genus Coddingtonia Miller, Griswold & Yin, 2009. Based on morphological characters and molecular data, three species are documented as new to science: C. erhuan Feng & Lin, sp. nov. (♀) from China, C. lizu Feng & Lin, sp. nov. (♀) from China, and C. huifengi Feng & Lin, sp. nov. (♂♀) from Indonesia. The type of C. euryopoides Miller, Griswold & Yin, 2009 is also reexamined. DNA sequences (COI), detailed illustrations of habitus, male palp and epigyne are provided for these four species, as well as a key and a distribution map for Coddingtonia species.

scholarly journals Morpho-phylogenetic evidence reveals new species in Rhytismataceae (Rhytismatales, Leotiomycetes, Ascomycota) from Guizhou Province, China

MycoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 81-106
Author(s):  
Jin-Feng Zhang ◽  
Jian-Kui Liu ◽  
Kevin D. Hyde ◽  
Anusha H. Ekanayaka ◽  
Zuo-Yi Liu
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
Karst Terrains

Karst formations represent a unique eco-environment. Research in the microfungi inhabiting this area is limited. During an ongoing survey of ascomycetous microfungi from karst terrains in Guizhou Province, China, we discovered four new species, which are introduced here as Hypoderma paralinderae, Terriera karsti, T. meitanensis and T. sigmoideospora placed in Rhytismataceae, based on phylogenetic analyses and morphological characters. Molecular analyses, based on concatenated LSU-ITS-mtSSU sequence data, were used to infer phylogenetic affinities. Detail descriptions and comprehensive illustrations of these new taxa are provided and relationships with the allied species are discussed, based on comparative morphology and molecular data.

Morphological characters and molecular data reveal a new species of Rhodonia (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 328 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
YUAN YUAN ◽  
LU-LU SHEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
A New Species

A new polypore, Rhodonia tianshanensis, collected from West Tianshan Nature Reserve in Xinjiang Autonomous Region (northwest China), is described and illustrated based on morphological characteristics and molecular evidence. It is characterized by having resupinate basidiomata with an oblique tube layer, fusoid cystidioles in the hymenium, and cylindrical basidiospores. Based on multiple loci DNA sequences including the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the large subunit (nLSU), and the second subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2) regions, our phylogeny strongly supported R. tianshanensis as a new species belonging to the genus Rhodonia.

scholarly journals Synergistic effects of combining morphological and molecular data in resolving the phylogeny of butterflies and skippers

2005 ◽  
Vol 272 (1572) ◽  
pp. 1577-1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Wahlberg ◽  
Michael F Braby ◽  
Andrew V.Z Brower ◽  
Rienk de Jong ◽  
Ming-Min Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Total Evidence ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Combined Analysis

Phylogenetic relationships among major clades of butterflies and skippers have long been controversial, with no general consensus even today. Such lack of resolution is a substantial impediment to using the otherwise well studied butterflies as a model group in biology. Here we report the results of a combined analysis of DNA sequences from three genes and a morphological data matrix for 57 taxa (3258 characters, 1290 parsimony informative) representing all major lineages from the three putative butterfly super-families (Hedyloidea, Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea), plus out-groups representing other ditrysian Lepidoptera families. Recently, the utility of morphological data as a source of phylogenetic evidence has been debated. We present the first well supported phylogenetic hypothesis for the butterflies and skippers based on a total-evidence analysis of both traditional morphological characters and new molecular characters from three gene regions ( COI , EF-1α and wingless ). All four data partitions show substantial hidden support for the deeper nodes, which emerges only in a combined analysis in which the addition of morphological data plays a crucial role. With the exception of Nymphalidae, the traditionally recognized families are found to be strongly supported monophyletic clades with the following relationships: (Hesperiidae+(Papilionidae+(Pieridae+(Nymphalidae+(Lycaenidae+Riodinidae))))). Nymphalidae is recovered as a monophyletic clade but this clade does not have strong support. Lycaenidae and Riodinidae are sister groups with strong support and we suggest that the latter be given family rank. The position of Pieridae as the sister taxon to nymphalids, lycaenids and riodinids is supported by morphology and the EF-1α data but conflicted by the COI and wingless data. Hedylidae are more likely to be related to butterflies and skippers than geometrid moths and appear to be the sister group to Papilionoidea+Hesperioidea.

Two new species and three morphospecies of Ficophagus Davies & Bartholomaeus, 2015 (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) from Ficus subgenus Pharmacosycea (Moraceae) in Central America

Nematology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerrie A. Davies ◽  
Weimin Ye ◽  
Barbara Center ◽  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Faerlie Bartholomaeus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central America ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Female Tail ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Tail Shape

Aphelenchoidid nematodes were collected from the sycones ofFicussubgenusPharmacosyceafrom Central America. Two new species ofFicophaguswere recovered, and are described herein asF. maximasp. n. andF. yoponensissp. n. fromFicus maximaandF. yoponensis, respectively. They are differentiated from other species of the genus by a combination of morphological characters including having C-shaped females and spiral males, EP opening close to the lips, a short to long post-uterine sac, spicule characters, three pairs of subventral caudal papillae, DNA sequence data, biogeographical range, and host wasp andFicusspecies affiliation. The new species are differentiated from each other by spicule characters, length of the post-uterine sac, spermatheca shape, and female tail shape. In addition, three morphospecies were collected from sycones ofFicus glabrata,F. insipidaandF. tonduzii, respectively. Their morphological descriptions are presented but these taxa are not formally named as they currently lack molecular data.

New species of Moluccan trichaline net-winged beetles, with remarks on the phylogenetic position and distribution of Schizotrichalus (Coleoptera: Lycidae: Metriorrhynchinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4623 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATEJ BOCEK ◽  
KRISTYNA ADAMKOVA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
General Validity ◽  
Ancestral Area ◽  
Recent Origin ◽  
Sister Relationships

The Moluccan net-winged beetle fauna remains poorly studied and here, new species of Schizotrichalus Kleine, 1926 and Eniclases Waterhouse, 1879 are reported from Halmahera. Using morphological traits and cox1 mitochondrial DNA sequences, we propose two new species, Eniclases kusyi sp. nov. and Schizotrichalus halmaherensis sp. nov., and redescribe E. moluccanus Kleine, 1930. New molecular data confirm morphology-based sister relationships between Schizotrichalus and Eniclases and the analysis identifies the combined area of the present-day Halmahera and New Guinea as an ancestral area of these genera. Now, Halmahera and New Guinea are quite similar in respect of the number of trichaline genera. Concerning the size of islands and the recent origin of the nowadays northern Moluccas, these results are unexpected and thus the general validity of this distribution pattern should be confirmed with other groups of beetles. 

Survey of slug-parasitic nematodes in East and West Flanders, Belgium and description ofAngiostoma gandavensisn. sp. (Nematoda: Angiostomidae) from arionid slugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.R. Singh ◽  
M. Couvreur ◽  
W. Decraemer ◽  
W. Bert
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
18S Rdna Sequences ◽  
East And West ◽  
Tail Tip

AbstractA survey for slug-associated nematodes in five locations of East and West Flanders in Belgium revealed the presence of one new and six known slug-parasitic nematodes,Agfa flexilis(Dujardin, 1845),Alloionema appendiculatum(Schneider, 1859),Angiostoma dentiferum(Mengert, 1953),Angiostoma limacis(Dujardin, 1845),Angiostoma norvegicum(Rosset al., 2017) andPhasmarhabditis hermaphrodita(Schneider, 1859).Angiostoma norvegicumandP.hermaphroditaare recorded for the first time in Belgium. The six known species are documented by light microscopy (LM) microphotographs and informative DNA sequences.Angiostoma gandavensisn. sp. (Angiostomatidae), discovered from arionid slugs, is described based on light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and molecular data. Based on analyses of D2D3 expansion segment of 28S and 18S rDNA sequences, this new species is found to be related toA.limacis,A.norvegicum,A.margaretae(Rosset al., 2011) andA.milacis(Ivanova and Wilson, 2009). The new species can be distinguished from these others based on morphological characters such as the distinctive mucronate structures at the tail tip of both sexes, presence of lateral ala, reflexed female ovaries and the number and arrangement pattern of male genital papillae.

A preliminary phylogenetic analysis of the genus Fulvius Stål (Hemiptera:Miridae: Cylapinae) based on molecular data

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Sadowska-Woda ◽  
Tobias Malm ◽  
Frédéric Chérot
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Preliminary Phylogenetic Analysis

AbstractThe systematics and phylogeny of the genus Fulvius Stål remains unclear. We present herein the first analysis of the phylogenetic relationships within the genus Fulvius based on DNA sequences. The phylogenetic interrelationships in the genus Fulvius are investigated using partial DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes, the 16S ribosomal large subunit and the cytochrome oxidase I (COI). DNA sequences for Fulvius species representing three different subgroups distinguished previously on the base of morphological characters alone are compared to sequences from the closely related genera Rhinocylapidius and Cylapus. The data are analyzed using parsimony and Bayesian inference. The results confirm that on the basis of molecular data we can distinguish the same congruent groups of Fulvius species as using morphological characters, however with inclusion of the specimens of the genus Rhinocylapidius in the bifenestratus-group. Additional studies are needed to clarify the phylogenetic relationships within the tribe Fulviini, as well as within the genus Fulvius and its relation to Rhinocylapidius. However, the results of this study suggest that 16S and COI sequences will be very useful as molecular markers for such studies among these species-groups.

Phylogeny of the Erysiphales (powdery mildews) inferred from internal transcribed spacer ribosomal DNA sequences

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory S Saenz ◽  
John W Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Powdery Mildews ◽  
Outgroup Species ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Clade 1

Phylogenetic relationships were inferred for 45 powdery mildews plus two outgroup species from internal transcribed spacer sequence data. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the powdery mildews formed six evolutionary lineages, which corresponded well to recently revised mitosporic taxa. Clade 1 consisted of Erysiphe, Microsphaera, and Uncinula, all of which have an Oidium subgenus Pseudoidium mitosporic state. Clade 2 consisted of Erysiphe galeopsidis and Erysiphe cumminsiana, which have an Oidium subgenus Striatoidium mitosporic state. Clade 3 consisted of Erysiphe species with an Oidium subgenus Reticuloidium mitosporic state. Clade 4 consisted of Leveillula and Phyllactinia, which have Oidiopsis and Ovulariopsis mitosporic states, respectively. Clade 5 consisted of Sphaerotheca, Podosphaera, and Cystotheca, which have Oidium subgenera Fibroidium and Setoidium mitosporic states. Clade 6 consisted of Blumeria graminis, which has an Oidium subgenus Oidium mitosporic state. Seventeen morphological characters were analysed and found not to conflict with the molecular data, so the morphological and molecular data were combined. The combined data increased the overall support for the six clades.Key words: Ascomycete, Blumeria, Erysiphe, fungi, molecular evolution, plant pathogen.

scholarly journals Morphology and phylogeny reveal two novel Coryneum species from China

MycoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 67-80
Author(s):  
Ning Jiang ◽  
Hermann Voglmayr ◽  
Cheng-Ming Tian
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Host Genus ◽  
Two New Species

Coryneum is currently the sole genus of Coryneaceae in Diaporthales, distinguished from other diaporthalean genera by transversely distoseptate brown conidia. However, Coryneum species are presently difficult to identify because of variability and overlap of morphological characters and the lack of sequence data for most described species. During fungal collection trips in China, 13 Coryneum isolates were obtained from cankered branches of Ilex and Quercus. Morphological and phylogenetic analyses (ITS, LSU, TEF1-α and RPB2) revealed that these strains belong to two new species (viz. Coryneumilicissp. nov. and C.songshanensesp. nov.), and three known species, C.gigasporum, C.sinense, and C.suttonii. Coryneumilicis has larger conidia and more distosepta than most Coryneum species. Coryneumsongshanense was similar to C.sinense from the same host genus, Quercus, in conidial length, but distinct in conidial width and by molecular data.

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