scholarly journals Thallium-201 radioactive implant induced X-ray emission scanning of stable iodine distribution in thyroid - Phantom experiment.

RADIOISOTOPES ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 266-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryohei AMANO ◽  
Atsushi ANDO ◽  
Tatsunosuke HIRAKI ◽  
Norihisa TONAMI ◽  
Kinichi HISADA
Keyword(s):  
Thallium 201 ◽  
Phantom Experiment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thyroid Phantom ◽  
Stable Iodine

scholarly journals CycleGAN for interpretable online EMT compensation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Krumb ◽  
Dhritimaan Das ◽  
Romol Chadda ◽  
Anirban Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Error Compensation ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Electromagnetic Tracking ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Phantom Experiment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reduce Radiation Exposure ◽  
Rotational Error ◽  
Clinical Reality ◽  
Compensation Approach

Abstract Purpose Electromagnetic tracking (EMT) can partially replace X-ray guidance in minimally invasive procedures, reducing radiation in the OR. However, in this hybrid setting, EMT is disturbed by metallic distortion caused by the X-ray device. We plan to make hybrid navigation clinical reality to reduce radiation exposure for patients and surgeons, by compensating EMT error. Methods Our online compensation strategy exploits cycle-consistent generative adversarial neural networks (CycleGAN). Positions are translated from various bedside environments to their bench equivalents, by adjusting their z-component. Domain-translated points are fine-tuned on the x–y plane to reduce error in the bench domain. We evaluate our compensation approach in a phantom experiment. Results Since the domain-translation approach maps distorted points to their laboratory equivalents, predictions are consistent among different C-arm environments. Error is successfully reduced in all evaluation environments. Our qualitative phantom experiment demonstrates that our approach generalizes well to an unseen C-arm environment. Conclusion Adversarial, cycle-consistent training is an explicable, consistent and thus interpretable approach for online error compensation. Qualitative assessment of EMT error compensation gives a glimpse to the potential of our method for rotational error compensation.

X-ray photographic method for determination of stable iodine in tissues

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-267
Author(s):  
P. Puumalainen ◽  
P. Suominen
Keyword(s):  
Photographic Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stable Iodine

scholarly journals Iodine Content and Distribution in Thyroid Specimens from Two Patients with Graves' Disease Pretreated with Either Propylthiouracil or Stable Iodine: Analysis Using X-Ray Fluorescence and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Marie Hansson ◽  
Helena Filipsson Nyström ◽  
Svante Jansson ◽  
Jukka Lausmaa ◽  
Gertrud Berg
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tof Sims ◽  
Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Stable Iodine

Patients with Graves' disease can be medically prepared before surgery in different ways, which may have various effects on iodine stores. Thyroid specimens were collected at surgery from two patients pretreated with propylthiouracil (PTU) and stable iodine, respectively. A quantitative analysis of iodine content was performed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) in frozen tissue and a qualitative analysis of aldehyde-fixed material with Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Iodine concentrations were 0.9 mg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL in the thyroid tissue from the patients treated with PTU and stable iodine respectively. TOF-SIMS showed iodine in the follicle lumina in both. However, in the PTU case, iodine was also seen within the thyrocytes indicating accumulation of iodinated compounds from uninhibited hormone release. XRF and TOF-SIMS can be used to follow iodine distribution within the thyroid and the intricate processes following the different medical treatment alternatives in Graves' disease.

scholarly journals Diagnostic possibilities for autoimmune thyroiditis using non-invasive determination of intrathyroid iodine concentration in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
I. A. Vasilevskaya ◽  
I. O. Tomashevsky
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Case History ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Microsomal Fraction ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Stable Iodine

Sixty-seven children (55 girls and 12 boys) aged 5-16 years were examined. Autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) was diagnosed in 28 and diffuse nontoxic goiter (DNG) in 39. The diseases were diagnosed on the basis of case history, results of examination and palpation of the thyroid, ultrasonic findings, presence of antibodies to thyroglobulin (in AT) or their absence (in DNG), and the microsomal fraction detected by enzyme immunoassay using Boehringer Mannheim kits. AT diagnosis was confirmed cytomorphologically in all patients. Intrathyroid stable iodine (ISI) was measured by a Russian noninvasive x-ray fluorescent analyzer. ISI concentration was notably decreased in children with autoimmune thyroiditis confirmed by cytomorphological methods: below the threshold level of the method in 46%) cases and 120±10 mcg/g in 54%). This confirms a high informative value of the proposed method in this disease. Measurements of ISI in children with enlarged thyroid helps differentiate the hypertrophic form of AT from DNG: ISI concentration under 200 mcg/g is characteristic of AT, while in DNG the concentration of ISI in Moscow children is 500±40 mcg/g (M±m).

An assembly-type master–slave catheter and guidewire driving system for vascular intervention

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo-Jeong Cha ◽  
Byung-Ju Yi ◽  
Jong Yun Won
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Robotic System ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Phantom Experiment ◽  
Vascular Intervention ◽  
Driving System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Driving Mode ◽  
Human Interface

Current vascular intervention inevitably exposes a large amount of X-ray to both an operator and a patient during the procedure. The purpose of this study is to propose a new catheter driving system which assists the operator in aspects of less X-ray exposure and convenient user interface. For this, an assembly-type 4-degree-of-freedom master–slave system was designed and tested to verify the efficiency. First, current vascular intervention procedures are analyzed to develop a new robotic procedure that enables us to use conventional vascular intervention devices such as catheter and guidewire which are commercially available in the market. Some parts of the slave robot which contact the devices were designed to be easily assembled and dissembled from the main body of the slave robot for sterilization. A master robot is compactly designed to conduct insertion and rotational motion and is able to switch from the guidewire driving mode to the catheter driving mode or vice versa. A phantom resembling the human arteries was developed, and the master–slave robotic system is tested using the phantom. The contact force of the guidewire tip according to the shape of the arteries is measured and reflected to the user through the master robot during the phantom experiment. This system can drastically reduce radiation exposure by replacing human effort by a robotic system for high radiation exposure procedures. Also, benefits of the proposed robot system are low cost by employing currently available devices and easy human interface.

scholarly journals The ability to diagnose autoimmune thyroiditis with an X-ray fluorescence method to determine the level of stable intrathyroid iodine

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
I. O. Tomashevsky
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Reference Specimen ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluorescent Analysis ◽  
Fluorescent Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stable Iodine

The concentration of intrathyroid stable iodine (ISI) is measured using a Russian commercial reference specimen for noninvasive x-ray fluorescent analysis in 74 women with autoimmune thyroiditis (verified cytomorphologically) aged 36-55 years, residents of Moscow, and in 36 women without a history of thyroid diseases, with normal thyroid status confirmed by clinical and laboratory data and /SI level of at least 200 pg/g, which is considered as the critical (control). Noninvasive x-ray fluorescent method for detecting ISI deficiency permits the recognition of autoimmune thyroiditis with sensitivity and accuracy of at least 9% but with low specificity, which recommends it for screening diagnosis.

X-ray fluorescent CT imaging of cerebral uptake of stable-iodine perfusion agent iodoamphetamine analog IMP in mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tohoru Takeda ◽  
Jin Wu ◽  
Thet-Thet-Lwin ◽  
Qingkai Huo ◽  
Tetsuya Yuasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stable Iodine

scholarly journals Intrathyroid stable iodine level and thyroid tumors

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-8
Author(s):  
I. O. Tomashevsky ◽  
Ye. A. Troshina ◽  
G. A. Gerasimov ◽  
M. E. Bronstein ◽  
S. Yu. Serpukhovitin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Thyroid Tumors ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluorescent Analysis ◽  
Iodine Level ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Stable Iodine

Intrathyroid iodine level was measured in 126 patients with different thyroid tumours in Russia and in 37 ones in the USA by X-ray fluorescent analysis in vitro. A decrease of intrathyroid iodine concentration was found to be associated with a stepwise loss of differentiation of thyroid tumours. In colloid goitre tissue from Russia, the intrathyroid level of iodine was increased. It was markedly increased in microfollicular adenomas and colloid goitre tissue from American patients, which fact may reflect a higher iodine supply in the USA. X-Ray fluorescent analysis together with clinical studies may be used in preoperative examinations of patients with thyroid nodules.

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