ASSOCIATION OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX SYMPTOMS (FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY) WITH BODY MASS INDEX IN FEMALES WITH GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Overweight individuals have a greater tendency to develop gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study aims at comparing gastroesophageal reflux symptoms (frequency and severity) in females with different body mass index (BMI) categories. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional comparative research study was conducted over duration of 8 months. Both indoor and outdoor patients of medical unit – II Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, fulfilling the inclusion criteria i.e. females 30-55 years of age with confirmed diagnosis of GERD and informed consent were included. Subjects with history of cigarette smoking, diabetes, use of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT), anti-hypertensive or asthma medication were all excluded. Data were collected via proforma and analyzed on SPSS version 17. RESULTS: Among 360 enrolled women, 08 (2.2%) subjects were underweight, 109 (30.3%) had normal BMI, 151 (41.9%) were overweight, 88 (24.4%) subjects were obese and 04 (1.1%) belonged to morbidly obese group. Among 109 subjects with normal BMI, 53 (48.6%) had mild, 40 (36.69%) moderate, 13 (11.9%) severe and 03 (2.75%) very severe GERD. Among 151 overweight subjects, 37 (24.50%) were with mild severity, 64 (42.38%) with moderate, 35 (23.17%) severe and 15 (9.93%) had very severe GERD. Among 04 morbidly obese subjects, 02 (50%) had severe while remaining 02 (50%) had very severe GERD (p=0.000). CONCLUSION: Association of GERD symptoms and BMI were found in both normal and overweight women. Reflux symptoms may be exacerbated or even caused by moderate weight gain in people with normal weight.

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Frequency of Obesity among Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Patients

10.53350/pjmhs211551507 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 1507-1510

Author(s):

K. H. Samejo ◽

S. K. Kumar ◽

G. Lail ◽

A. B. Langove ◽

S. Ahsam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Body Mass ◽

Reflux Disease ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Esophageal Reflux ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Population

Objective: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) prevalence ranges from 24% to 35% in Pakistani population. Studies have demonstrated GERD frequency is directly proportional to increasing weight. Thus, the frequency of obesity among gastro esophageal reflux disease patients was determined. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted on outpatients with GERD visiting Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi; from December 2017 to June 2018. Clinical and demographic parameters of study population were recorded. Body mass index (BMI) more than 27 was labeled as obese. Patients with history of ischemic heart disease, pregnancy, ascites and/or Patients on NSAIDS, bisphosphonates or steroids were excluded. Results: One hundred and fifty patients with mean age of 43.3±11.5 years were included in study. Eighty-seven patients (63.3%) had age more than 40 years. Majority of study population were males 95 (63.3%). Mean height and weight of study population were 163.09±9.56 cm and 72.92±15.13 kg, respectively. Mean BMI were 27.55±6.02 in which 71 (47.3%) were obese i.e., BMI >27. Majority were Urdu speaking i.e., 57 (38%) followed by Sindhi 31 (20%) Diabetes mellitus was documented in 22 (14.7%) and hypertension in 16 (10.7%) patients. Statistically significant association of GERD was seen in obese females (p-value: 0.018) Conclusion: Increase frequency of obesity is significantly associated with GERD. More proportion of obese females has GERD. Keywords: Gastro esophageal reflux disease; Body mass index; Weight; height

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Associations Between Muscular Strength and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Older Adults

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2021-0013 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Bong Kil Song ◽

Angelique G. Brellenthin ◽

Joey M. Saavedra ◽

Duck-chul Lee

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Confidence Intervals ◽

Body Mass ◽

Reflux Disease ◽

Muscular Strength ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Odds Ratios

Background: The association between muscular strength (MS) and prevalent gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in the older adults is not well established. Methods: This study included 542 older adults with no history of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cancer. MS was measured by handgrip dynamometry. Participants were categorized into sex-specific quartiles of MS, while cases of GERD were identified by self-reported physician diagnosis. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of GERD by quartiles of MS. Results: There were 112 GERD cases. Compared with the first quartile of MS, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of GERD were 0.50 (0.27–0.95), 0.39 (0.20–0.75), and 0.55 (0.29–1.04) in the second, third, and fourth quartiles of MS, respectively, after adjusting for possible confounders including body mass index. In a joint analysis of MS and body mass index, participants were dichotomized into weak (first MS quartile) or strong (upper 3 MS quartiles) and normal weight, overweight, or obese. Compared with the weak–obese group, odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 0.34 (0.14–0.80), 0.43 (0.16–1.13), 0.29 (0.12–0.68), 0.18 (0.06–0.55), and 0.07 (0.03–0.21) for the strong–obese, weak–overweight, strong–overweight, weak–normal weight, and strong–normal weight. Conclusions: MS was independently and inversely associated with GERD in older adults.

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